Abubuwa Shtug III harin bindiga Bayanin fasaha Stug gun Ausf.B - Ausf.E Assault gun Ausf.F - Ausf.G Assault gun I "Sturmgeschütz" III StuG III; Sturmgeshütz III (Sd.Kfz.142). Daimler-Benz ne ya ƙirƙiri bindigar harin bisa tushen tankin Pz-III (T-III) kuma an kera shi tun 1940 a matsayin hanyar tallafawa sojojin ƙasa kai tsaye. Ya bambanta da tanki a cikin rashin turret. Bindigar mai nauyin mm 75 mai tsayin ganga mai caliber 24 an sanya shi a kan wata na'ura ta musamman a cikin wata katafariyar hasumiya mai fa'ida, wacce aka dora a gaban chassis, aro daga tankin T-III ba tare da wani canji ba. An sanya ƙoƙon kwamanda tare da na'urorin kallo akan rufin ɗakin. Bindigan na dauke ne da gidan rediyo da na’urar sadarwa ta tanka da kuma na’urar fitar da hayaki. A lokacin kera bindigar ta siriyal, an sabunta ta akai-akai ta fuskar tsaro da makamai. An ƙara kauri na sulke na gaba daga 15 mm zuwa 80 mm. An yi amfani da allon sulke don kare bangarorin. An maye gurbin bindigar gajeriyar ganga da bindiga mai caliber guda mai tsayi mai tsayi 43, sai kuma caliber 48. An kuma yi amfani da gindin bindigar wajen hawa wata babbar mota mai girman mm 105 mai girman ganga 28,3. Bindigunoni na III sun shiga aiki tare da birged bindigogi masu kai farmaki, da dakarun tanka, da kuma rundunonin hana tanka na sassan runduna. A cikin duka, a lokacin samarwa, an samar da bindigogi kusan dubu 10,5 na wasu gyare-gyare. Tarihin halittar StuG III Ƙara koyo game da tarihin Sturmgeschütz III An ba da kwangilar hukuma don haɓaka bindigar hari a ranar 15 ga Yuni, 1936. Kwantiragin ya ƙulla waɗannan buƙatun fasaha na injin: babban makamai tare da ma'auni na akalla 75 m; sashin wuta na bindiga tare da sararin sama yana da akalla digiri 30 ba tare da juya duk abin hawa ba; kusurwar jagorar tsaye na bindiga dole ne ya tabbatar da cin nasara na maƙasudi a nesa na akalla 6000 m; harsashi na bindiga dole ne su sami damar kutsawa duk sanannun nau'ikan sulke daga nesa na akalla 500 m;  duk-bangaren kariya na sulke na bindigar hari, ƙirar shigarwa ba shi da sakaci tare da buɗe motar ƙafa a saman. Makamin na gaba dole ne ya yi tsayin daka kai tsaye ta hanyar 20-mm anti-tank projectile kuma yana da gangara kusa da digiri 60 zuwa tsaye, sulke na bangarorin dole ne su kasance masu tsayayya da harsasai da shrapnel; jimlar tsayin injin kada ya wuce tsayin mutumin da ke tsaye; tsayin shigarwa da nisa ya dogara da tushen waƙa da aka zaɓa; sauran cikakkun bayanai na ƙira, harsasai, kayan aikin sadarwa, adadin ma'aikatan jirgin, da dai sauransu, mai haɓakawa yana da hakkin ya ƙayyade kansa. Kamar yadda aka yi la'akari da ƙayyadaddun bayanai, saman ɗakin shigarwa ya buɗe, ba tare da rufi ba. A 1936, an yi imani da cewa bude saman zai samar da ƙarin dabara abũbuwan amfãni: da ma'aikatan samun mafi ra'ayi game da ƙasa, idan aka kwatanta da tank ma'aikatan, da kuma, a Bugu da kari, za a iya ji sauti na abokan gaba kayan aikin soja. Koyaya, a cikin 1939 an yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa bambance-bambancen tare da cikakken rufin sulke na shigarwa. Zane tare da saman rufaffiyar sakamakon canjin dabarun buƙatun don bindigar hari. An bayyana bukatar rufin ne ta hanyar yuwuwar harsasai na harsasai a cikin rukunin fadan, lokacin da aka harba motar kan saukowa ko hawan. An yi imanin cewa yuwuwar buga saman shigarwar s.Pak a kan motsi ko a wuri ta hanyar fashewar ma'adanin kai tsaye ko majigi ya ragu sosai. Farantin sulke na sama ba zai iya jure wa turmi mai tsawon mm 81 ko kuma wani babban bama-bamai mai tsayin 75 mm ba, yayin da a lokaci guda ya ba da kariya ga ma'aikatan jirgin daga gurneti. Rufin dakin fada ba shi da ruwa kuma ba zai iya hana Molotov hadaddiyar giyar shiga cikin shigarwa daga ruwa mai ƙonewa ba. Tuni bayan haɓaka tsarin rufin, buƙatun ya bayyana don tabbatar da harbe-harbe daga rufaffiyar wurare; sakamakon haka, aikin dole ne a ɗan sake gyara shi. An yi rami a cikin rufin don shugaban gani na gani na panoramic. Dan bindigar ya nufa bindigar ba tare da ya ga inda aka kai masa hari ba, ya samu umarni game da kusurwoyin gani na gani daga kwamandan baturi. Anyi amfani da wannan hanyar harbi lokacin harbi daga rufaffiyar wurare. An zaɓi chassis na tankin PzKpfw III a matsayin tushe. Samfurin farko na wannan tanki, wanda aka sani da "Zugfurerwagen" (motar kwamandan platoon) ya bayyana a ƙarshen 1935. Bayan gwaji da gyare-gyare, an sanya tankin a cikin samar da serial a masana'antar Daimler-Benz AG No. 40 a Berlin- Marisnfeld. Daga 1937 zuwa 1939 An gina jerin tankunan PzKpfw III masu zuwa: jerin 1./ZW (lambobin chassis 60101-60110); jerin 2./ZW (lambobin chassis 60201-60215; Za/ZW jerin (lambobin chassis 60301-60315); Jerin Zb/ZW (lambobin chassis 6031666-60340); 4/ZW jerin (lambobin chassis 60401-60441, 60442-60496). Ƙara koyo game da tarihin Sturmgeschütz III Harin bindiga "0-jerin" Koyi game da bindigunoni 0-jeri Bindigunoni biyar na farko na "0-jerin" an yi su ne da karfen tsari na yau da kullun wanda ya danganta da chassis na tankunan PzKpfw III na jerin 2nd. Ba a adana ingantattun bayanan samar da kayan aikin har zuwa Disamba 1938, don haka yana da matukar wahala a iya tantance tsawon lokacin da aka kera bindigogi masu jeri 0. An san cewa kamfanoni da yawa sun shiga cikin kera su, musamman, Daimler-Benz ya ba da chassis da cabins, kuma Krupp ya ba da bindigogi. An hada motoci uku na farko a watan Disamba 1937, an san cewa an mayar da chassis na motoci na hudu da na biyar zuwa runduna ta daya da ke Erfurt a ranar 1 ga Disamba, 6. Bayanai kan haka. Lokacin yankan da Daimler-Benz ya yi ba ya nan. Akwai wata takarda da aka rubuta a ranar 1937 ga Satumba, 30, wadda ta ce: “Ya kamata a shirya chassis na tankuna huɗu na PzKpfw III tare da ƙirar katako na ɗakunan bindigogi don yin gwaji a cikin Afrilu-Mayu 1936.” Bindigunan hari na "0-jerin" sun bambanta da motocin na gyare-gyaren da aka yi a baya musamman a cikin ƙirar ƙananan motoci, wanda ya haɗa da ƙafafun hanyoyi guda takwas, motar tuki, sloth da rollers guda uku masu goyon bayan caterpillar a cikin jirgin. An toshe waƙoƙin bibiyu zuwa bogi, bi da bi, kowane bogi biyu an dakatar da su a kan maɓuɓɓugar ganye na gama gari: motsi na bogi a cikin jirgin sama yana iyakance ta tasha. Fichtel und Sachs shock absorbers ne ya datse kayen da aka yi a lokacin da suke tuƙi a kan ƙasa mara kyau, waɗanda ke aiki kawai lokacin da keken ke motsawa. Caterpillar ya ƙunshi waƙoƙi 121 360 mm fadi (nisa tsakanin yatsunsu shine 380 mm). An ɗora injin konewa na ciki na 12-Silinda Carburetor V mai siffar "Maybach" HL108 a baya na shari'ar, rushewar tubalan silinda ya kai gram 60, injin crankcase na simintin ya ƙunshi sassa biyu, an ɗaure tare da kusoshi. Ƙarƙashin ƙwanƙwasa wani wankan mai ne. Injin ya haɓaka ƙarfin 230 hp. da 2300 rpm An kama kama, watsawa da injin juyawa a gaban jiki a cikin rukunin tsarin guda ɗaya. An ƙera shi kuma ya kera shi ta hanyar "Sahnradfabrik Friedrichshafn" (ZF) ta hanyar watsawa mai sauri guda biyar synchro-mechanical "Afon" SFG-75. Sojojin sun karbi motocin "0-jerin" guda biyar a watan Satumba na 1939, tun lokacin da aka yanke motocin da aka yi da karfe na yau da kullum, an cire yakin amfani da bindigogi na samfurin, an yi amfani da su don horar da ma'aikata. Na'urorin gwaji guda biyar sun ƙare a makarantar harin bindigogi a Juteborg, inda aka yi amfani da su aƙalla har zuwa ƙarshen 1941. Koyi game da bindigunoni 0-jeri bindigar hari Ausf.A (StuG III Ausf.A) Heereswaffenat ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da Daimler-Benz don gina chassis 30 don kai hari. Lambobin chassis na raka'a 30 “Sturmgeschutz” Ausf.A sune 90001-90030. An zaɓi chassis 5./ZW na tankin PzKpfw III a matsayin tushe. Matsalolin da ke tattare da watsa ZW sun kawo cikas wajen aiki kan bindigar, Ofishin Ordnance ya yanke shawarar a ranar 23 ga Mayu, 1939 cewa ya kamata a sanye da kayan watsa shirye-shirye dauke da na'urorin "Hochtrieber", wanda kuma aka fi sani da "accelerating gear". Tare da taimakon na'urar "Hochtrieber", yawan jujjuyawar watsawa zai iya wuce adadin juyi na injin injin. Don shigar da "Gears masu haɓakawa", ya zama dole don cirewa da sake shigar da manyan abubuwan da ke cikin gwaje-gwajen tankuna na PzKpfw III. Bugu da ƙari, gwaje-gwajen sun nuna rashin amincin watsawa, wanda sau da yawa ya rushe. A ƙarshe, don sabon chassis tare da dakatarwar torsion mashaya mai zaman kanta na ƙafafun titin, ya zama dole don shigar da masu ɗaukar girgiza, waɗanda ba za a iya yin su ba kafin Yuli 1939. Kwanan wata Oktoba 13, 1939, sanarwar ta rubuta halin da ake ciki tare da aikin motar yaƙi "Pz.Sfl.III (sPak)” (sunan hukuma na harin bindiga har zuwa Mayu 1940): Ci gaban Pz.Sfl. III (sPak) an kammala shi, shirin ya shiga lokacin shirye-shiryen samar da taro; Biyar Pz.Sfl. III (sPak) tare da daidaitattun kayan yaƙi, amma gidan bene da aka yi da ƙarfe na yau da kullun; Sakin jerin farko na 30 Pz.Sfl. III (sPak) an shirya shi don Disamba 1939 - Afrilu 1940, ya kamata a fara samar da injuna 250 na jerin na biyu a cikin Afrilu 1940 tare da yawan samar da bindigogi 20 a kowane wata; Ƙarin aiki akan shigarwa na Pz.Sfl. III (sPak) yakamata ya mai da hankali kan haɗa igwa mai girman mm 75 tare da tsayin ganga na calibers 41 da saurin muzzle na 685 m / s cikin ƙirar injin. An shirya samar da samfurin irin wannan injin daga karfe na yau da kullun don Mayu 1940. A filin atisayen da ke Kummersdorf a ranar 12 ga Disamba, 1939, an yi gwajin wuta kan wasu sassa na bindigogi da aka yi da sulke - gida da rigar bindiga. An yi amfani da bindigar hana jiragen sama mai nauyin 37mm wajen harbawa, an kuma yi harbi da harsashi masu nauyin kilogiram 0,695 tare da saurin farko na 750 m/s a nesa na mita 100. Wasu sakamakon harsashi na sarrafawa: Bayan wani tsinke kai tsaye da wani majigi ya faɗo, tsatsa mai tsayin tsayin mita 300 ya samu a cikin rigar bindigar, kuma farantin sulke na sulke da aka sanya a sama da alkyabbar ya canza da mm 2. Wasu harsashi biyu sun bugi kusurwar dama ta sama na garkuwar gaban abin rufe fuska, ɗaya kuma ya bugi saman abin rufe fuska. Tasirin wadannan hits ya bayyana a cikin cikakken lalata kabu na welded na bindigar, ƙusoshin da aka haɗe garkuwar gaban abin rufe fuska an yage zaren. Sojojin sun sanar da kamfanin na Krupp sakamakon harbin da aka yi tare da neman a inganta abin rufe fuska. Injin na jerin farko (Series I. Pz.Sfl III) an tattara su a lambar shuka 40 na kamfanin Daimler-Benz a Berlin-Marienfeld: na farko an taru a watan Disamba 1939. hudu - Janairu 1940. goma sha daya a watan Fabrairu bakwai - a cikin Maris bakwai a watan Afrilu. Dangane da wata takarda mai kwanan watan Janairu 1940, jinkirin da aka samu wajen cika kwangilar samar da rukunin farko na manyan bindigogi 30 ya faru ne saboda rashin isar da bindigogin siriyal na farko na 75mm. An dage shirin kammala jigilar motoci 30 na farko daga ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 1940, daga farko zuwa goma ga wannan wata, sannan zuwa 1 ga Mayu. Kamfen din na Poland ya kuma shafi jinkirin samar da bindigogi na jerin gwanon na farko, inda aka lalata dimbin tankunan PzKpfw III. Maidowa da gyaran tankunan ya ɗauki abubuwa da kuma majalisu waɗanda tun farko aka yi niyya don kai hari. Bugu da ƙari, an yi canje-canje ga ƙirar Pz.Sfl a lokacin samarwa, musamman, ya wajaba a watsar da rukunin ma'aikatan da aka buɗe daga sama da kuma shigar da rufin don kare ma'aikatan, an yi canje-canje da yawa ga zane-zane na gida don tsari. don inganta ra'ayi na ma'aikatan jirgin, a sakamakon haka, masana'antun sulke na sulke, kamfanin "Brandenburg Eisenwerke GmbH, ya karbi zane-zanen da aka yi latti don kammala tsari a kan lokaci kuma, haka ma, ba zai iya kula da ingancin makamai ba bisa ga umarnin. ga ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Matsaloli sun ci gaba da watsawa, ingantaccen samfurin wanda (tare da kayan haɓakawa) ya mamaye mafi girma girma, yanzu shimfiɗar jaririn ya tsaya akan watsawa. Halayen dabara da fasaha na bindigogin harin Wehrmacht wuta A-B   Samfurin StuG III ausf.A-B Fihirisar sojoji Sd.Kfz.142 Manufacturer "Daimler-Benz" Nauyin yaƙi, kg 19 600 Ma'aikata, mutane 4 Gudu, km / h   - ta babbar hanya 40 - tare da hanyar kasar 24 Tanadin wutar lantarki, km   - a kan babbar hanya 160 - a kasa 100 Tankin mai, l 320 Length, mm 5 480 Width, mm 2 950 Height, mm 1 950 Tsarkaka, mm 385 Faɗin waƙa, mm 360 Injin, kamfani "Maybach" Rubuta Saukewa: HL120TR Arfi, h.p. 300 Makami, nau'in StuK37 Caliber, mm 75 Tsawon ganga, cal, 24 Farko saurin tsinkaya, m/s   - sokin sulke 385 - rarrabuwa 420 Harsashi, rds. 44 Bindigogi, lamba x nau'in*** babu Caliber, mm   Harsashi, harsashi   Ajiye, mm 50-30 * - Tsawon bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu da ganga mai caliber 48 ** - Yawancin StuG III ausf.E sun karɓi bindigar lang ɗin StuK tare da ganga caliber 40 *** - Bindigogin hari da masu harbi StuG 40, StuH 42 na sakewa daga baya suna da injin bindiga na biyu coaxial tare da igwa auf CD   Samfurin StuG III ausf.CD Fihirisar sojoji Sd.Kfz.142 Manufacturer "Alket" Nauyin yaƙi, kg 22 000 Ma'aikata, mutane 4 Gudu, km / h   - ta babbar hanya 40 - tare da hanyar kasar 24 Tanadin wutar lantarki, km   - a kan babbar hanya 160 - a kasa 100 Tankin mai, l 320 Length, mm 5 500 Width, mm 2 950 Height, mm 1 960 Tsarkaka, mm 385 Faɗin waƙa, mm 380 - 400 Injin, kamfani "Maybach" Rubuta Saukewa: HL120TRM Arfi, h.p. 300 Makami, nau'in StuK37 Caliber, mm 75 Tsawon ganga, cal, 24 Farko saurin tsinkaya, m/s   - sokin sulke 385 - rarrabuwa 420 Harsashi, rds. 44 Bindigogi, lamba x nau'in*** babu Caliber, mm 7,92 Harsashi, harsashi 600 Ajiye, mm 80 - 50 * - Tsawon bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu da ganga mai caliber 48 ** - Yawancin StuG III ausf.E sun karɓi bindigar lang ɗin StuK tare da ganga caliber 40 *** - Bindigogin hari da masu harbi StuG 40, StuH 42 na sakewa daga baya suna da injin bindiga na biyu coaxial tare da igwa aure E   Samfurin StuG III ausf.E Fihirisar sojoji Sd.Kfz.142 Manufacturer "Alket" Nauyin yaƙi, kg 22 050 Ma'aikata, mutane 4 Gudu, km / h   - ta babbar hanya 40 - tare da hanyar kasar 24 Tanadin wutar lantarki, km   - a kan babbar hanya 165 - a kasa 95 Tankin mai, l 320 Length, mm 5 500 Width, mm 2 950 Height, mm 1 960 Tsarkaka, mm 385 Faɗin waƙa, mm 380 - 400 Injin, kamfani "Maybach" Rubuta Saukewa: HL120TRM Arfi, h.p. 300 Makami, nau'in StuK37** Caliber, mm 75 Tsawon ganga, cal, 24 Farko saurin tsinkaya, m/s   - sokin sulke 385 - rarrabuwa 420 Harsashi, rds. 50 (54) Bindigogi, lamba x nau'in*** 1 x MG-34 Caliber, mm 7,92 Harsashi, harsashi 600 Ajiye, mm 80 - 50 * - Tsawon bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu da ganga mai caliber 48 ** - Yawancin StuG III ausf.E sun karɓi bindigar lang ɗin StuK tare da ganga caliber 40 *** - Bindigogin hari da masu harbi StuG 40, StuH 42 na sakewa daga baya suna da injin bindiga na biyu coaxial tare da igwa exf F   Samfurin StuG III ausf.F Fihirisar sojoji Sd.Kfz. 142/1 Manufacturer "Alket" Nauyin yaƙi, kg 23 200 Ma'aikata, mutane 4 Gudu, km / h   - ta babbar hanya 40 - tare da hanyar kasar 24 Tanadin wutar lantarki, km   - a kan babbar hanya 165 - a kasa 95 Tankin mai, l 320 Length, mm 6 700 * Width, mm 2 950 Height, mm 2 160 Tsarkaka, mm 385 Faɗin waƙa, mm 400 Injin, kamfani "Maybach" Rubuta Saukewa: HL120TRM Arfi, h.p. 300 Makami, nau'in StuK40 Caliber, mm 75 Tsawon ganga, cal, 43 Farko saurin tsinkaya, m/s   - sokin sulke 750 - rarrabuwa 485 Harsashi, rds. 44 Bindigogi, lamba x nau'in*** 1 x MG-34 Caliber, mm 7,92 Harsashi, harsashi 600 600 Ajiye, mm 80 - 50 * - Tsawon bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu da ganga mai caliber 48 ** - Yawancin StuG III ausf.E sun karɓi bindigar lang ɗin StuK tare da ganga caliber 40 *** - Bindigogin hari da masu harbi StuG 40, StuH 42 na sakewa daga baya suna da injin bindiga na biyu coaxial tare da igwa daga G   Samfurin StuG 40 ausf.G Fihirisar sojoji Sd.Kfz. 142/1 Manufacturer "Alkett", "MlAG" Nauyin yaƙi, kg 23 900 Ma'aikata, mutane 4 Gudu, km / h   - ta babbar hanya 40 - tare da hanyar kasar 24 Tanadin wutar lantarki, km   - a kan babbar hanya 155 - a kasa 95 Tankin mai, l 320 Length, mm 6 700 * Width, mm 2 950 Height, mm 2 160 Tsarkaka, mm 385 Faɗin waƙa, mm 400 Injin, kamfani "Maybach" Rubuta Saukewa: HL120TRM Arfi, h.p. 300 Makami, nau'in StuK40 Caliber, mm 75 Tsawon ganga, cal, 48 Farko saurin tsinkaya, m/s   - sokin sulke 750 - rarrabuwa 485 Harsashi, rds. 54 Bindigogi, lamba x nau'in*** 1 x MG-34 Caliber, mm 7,92 Harsashi, harsashi 600 Ajiye, mm 80 - 50 * - Tsawon bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu da ganga mai caliber 48 ** - Yawancin StuG III ausf.E sun karɓi bindigar lang ɗin StuK tare da ganga caliber 40 *** - Bindigogin hari da masu harbi StuG 40, StuH 42 na sakewa daga baya suna da injin bindiga na biyu coaxial tare da igwa StuH 42   Samfurin StuG 42 Fihirisar sojoji Sd.Kfz. 142/2 Manufacturer "Alket" Nauyin yaƙi, kg 23 900 Ma'aikata, mutane 4 Gudu, km / h   - ta babbar hanya 40 - tare da hanyar kasar 24 Tanadin wutar lantarki, km   - a kan babbar hanya 155 - a kasa 95 Tankin mai, l 320 Length, mm 6 300 Width, mm 2 950 Height, mm 2 160 Tsarkaka, mm 385 Faɗin waƙa, mm 400 Injin, kamfani "Maybach" Rubuta Saukewa: HL120TRM Arfi, h.p. 300 Makami, nau'in StuG 42 Caliber, mm 105 Tsawon ganga, cal, 28 Farko saurin tsinkaya, m/s   - sokin sulke 470 - rarrabuwa 400 Harsashi, rds. 36 Bindigogi, lamba x nau'in*** 1 x MG-34 Caliber, mm 7,92 Harsashi, harsashi 600 Ajiye, mm 80 - 50 * - Tsawon bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu da ganga mai caliber 48 ** - Yawancin StuG III ausf.E sun karɓi bindigar lang ɗin StuK tare da ganga caliber 40 *** - Bindigogin hari da masu harbi StuG 40, StuG 42 na sakewa daga baya suna da injin bindiga na biyu coaxial tare da igwa StuG IV   Samfurin StuG IV Fihirisar sojoji Sd.Kfz.163 Manufacturer "Krupp-Gruson" Nauyin yaƙi, kg 23 200 Ma'aikata, mutane 4 Gudu, km / h   - ta babbar hanya 38 - tare da hanyar kasar 20 Tanadin wutar lantarki, km   - a kan babbar hanya 210 - a kasa 110 Tankin mai, l 430 Length, mm 6 770 Width, mm 2 950 Height, mm 2 220 Tsarkaka, mm 400 Faɗin waƙa, mm 400 Injin, kamfani "Maybach" Rubuta Saukewa: HL120TRM Arfi, h.p. 300 Makami, nau'in StuK40 Caliber, mm 75 Tsawon ganga, cal, 48 Farko saurin tsinkaya, m/s   - sokin sulke 750 - rarrabuwa 485 Harsashi, rds. 63 Bindigogi, lamba x nau'in*** 1 x MG-34 Caliber, mm 7,92 Harsashi, harsashi 600 Ajiye, mm 80-50 * - Tsawon bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu da ganga mai caliber 48 ** - Yawancin StuG III ausf.E sun karɓi bindigar lang ɗin StuK tare da ganga caliber 40 *** - Bindigogin hari da masu harbi StuG 40, StuG 42 na sakewa daga baya suna da injin bindiga na biyu coaxial tare da igwa Baya - Gaba >>