Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Bass - Kashi na 2

Subwoofers ba koyaushe suke aiki ba, ba koyaushe suna da alaƙa da tsarin wasan kwaikwayo na gida ba, kuma ba koyaushe suke yi musu hidima a farkon wuri ba. Sun fara sana’o’insu ne a shahararriyar fasaha a ƙarshen 80s, a cikin tsarin sitiriyo da ke da alaƙa da na'urorin sitiriyo na yau da kullun maimakon masu karɓar tashoshi da yawa - zamanin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gabatowa.

Tsarin 2.1 (subwoofer tare da tauraron dan adam guda biyu) madadin lasifikan gargajiya biyu ne (duba kuma: ) ba tare da wata bukata ba. Wannan ya kamata ya ba da iko duka biyun subwoofer mai ƙarancin wucewa mai wucewa da tauraron dan adam mai wucewa mai wucewa, amma wannan kaya ko kaɗan bai bambanta ba dangane da ƙarancin “gani” ta amplifier daga na lasifika mai-hanyoyi da yawa. tsarin. Ya bambanta kawai a cikin rarrabuwar jiki na tsarin multi-band a cikin subwoofer da tauraron dan adam, a gefen lantarki shine ainihin iri ɗaya (subwoofers sau da yawa suna da woofers guda biyu da aka haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tashoshi biyu, ko mai magana guda biyu na coil).

Jirgin amplifier tare da sashin sarrafawa kusan koyaushe yana kan baya - ba lallai ne mu ziyarci shi kowace rana ba

Tsare-tsare 2.1 har ma sun samu karbuwa sosai a wannan rawar (Jamo, Bose), daga baya an manta da su, domin an danne su a ko'ina. tsarin gidan wasan kwaikwayoo, riga ba tare da gazawa tare da subwoofers - amma aiki. Waɗannan subwoofers masu wucewa, kuma idan a yau mutum yana tunanin tsarin 2.1 wanda aka ƙera don sauraron kiɗa (mafi yawan lokuta), wanda zai iya yin la'akari da tsarin tare da subwoofer mai aiki.

Lokacin da suka bayyana Multichannel Formats i tsarin gidan wasan kwaikwayo, sun ƙaddamar da tashar ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan - LFE. A ka'ida, amplifier ɗinsa na iya kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu haɓaka ƙarfin wutar lantarki na AV amplifier, sannan subwoofer ɗin da aka haɗa zai zama m. Duk da haka, akwai muhawara da yawa da ke goyon bayan fassarar wannan tashar daban - wannan amplifier ya kamata a "cire" daga na'urar AV kuma a haɗa shi da subwoofer. Godiya ga wannan, ya fi dacewa da shi ba kawai a cikin iko ba, har ma a cikin halaye. Kuna iya daidaita shi kuma ku sami ƙarancin yankewa fiye da girman girman subwoofer mai kama da mai magana iri ɗaya, yi amfani da matattara mai ƙarancin wucewa mai aiki da daidaitacce (m akan irin wannan bass zai zama mai ƙarfi da tsada), kuma yanzu ƙara ƙarin fasali. . A wannan yanayin, ana "yanta" amplifier multichannel (mai karɓa) daga ma'aunin wutar lantarki, wanda a aikace ya kamata ya zama mafi inganci (a cikin tashar LFE, ana buƙatar wutar lantarki wanda ya dace da yawan ikon duk sauran tashoshi na tsarin. ). !), wanda zai tilasta ko dai ya watsar da kyakkyawar ra'ayi na wannan iko don duk tashoshi da aka sanya a cikin mai karɓa, ko don iyakance ikon tashar LFE, rage ƙarfin dukan tsarin. A ƙarshe, wannan yana bawa mai amfani damar zaɓar subwoofer da yardar kaina ba tare da damuwa game da daidaita shi da amplifier ba.

Ko watakila tare da kiɗa tsarin sitiriyo Shin subwoofer mara kyau ya fi kyau? Bari mu amsa ta wannan hanyar: Don tsarin multichannel / cinema, subwoofer mai aiki yana da shakka mafi kyau, manufar irin wannan tsarin daidai ne a kowane fanni, kamar yadda muka riga muka tattauna. Don tsarin sitiriyo / kiɗa, subwoofer mai aiki shima mafita ce mai ma'ana, kodayake babu gardama da yawa a cikin ni'imarsa. Subwoofer m a cikin irin wannan tsarin yana da ɗan ƙara ma'ana, musamman ma lokacin da muke da amplifier (sitiriyo) mai ƙarfi, amma sai mu yi tunani a hankali har ma da tsara dukkan abu. Ko kuma a maimakon haka, ba za mu sami shirye-shiryen da aka yi ba, tsarin 2.1 na kasuwa a kasuwa, don haka za a tilasta mana haɗa su.

Ta yaya za mu yi rabo? Subwoofer dole ne ya kasance yana da ƙarancin wucewa. Amma za mu gabatar da matattara mai tsayi don manyan masu magana, wanda yanzu zai zama tauraron dan adam? Yiwuwar irin wannan yanke shawara ya dogara da dalilai da yawa - bandwidth na waɗannan masu magana, ikon su, da ƙarfin ƙararrawa da ikon yin aiki tare da ƙarancin rashin ƙarfi; yana iya zama da wahala a kunna masu magana da subwoofer a lokaci guda (za a haɗa abubuwan da suka dace a cikin layi ɗaya kuma sakamakon sakamakon zai zama ƙasa). Don haka… da farko, subwoofer mai aiki shine mafita mai kyau kuma na duniya baki ɗaya, kuma m yana cikin yanayi na musamman kuma tare da babban ilimi da gogewa na mai son irin wannan tsarin.

Haɗin magana

Saitin masu haɗawa da wadatar gaske - abubuwan shigar RCA, lasifika da, da wuya, fitowar siginar HPF (biyu na RCA na biyu)

Wannan haɗin, wanda ya kasance mafi mahimmanci ga subwoofers, ya rasa muhimmancinsa a tsawon lokaci a cikin tsarin AV, inda yawancin lokuta muke bayarwa. LFE ƙananan sigina zuwa soket na RCA guda ɗaya, kuma "kawai idan" akwai haɗin haɗin sitiriyo na RCA guda biyu. Koyaya, haɗawa tare da kebul na lasifikar yana da fa'idodinsa da masu tallatawa. Haɗin lasifikar ya zama mahimmanci a cikin tsarin sitiriyo, duka biyu saboda ba duk masu haɓakawa suna da ƙananan matakan fitarwa (daga preamplifier) ​​kuma saboda takamaiman yanayin sigina. Amma batun ko kadan ba shine wannan sigina ce mai girma ba; subwoofer baya cinye wutar lantarki daga amplifier na waje ko da tare da wannan haɗin, saboda babban shigar da impedance baya yarda; Hakanan, tare da wannan haɗin, kama da ƙananan matakin (zuwa masu haɗin RCA), ana ƙara siginar ta da'irorin subwoofer.

Gaskiyar ita ce, tare da irin wannan haɗin (tsari), siginar zuwa subwoofer ya fito ne daga nau'i-nau'i iri ɗaya (amplifier na waje), tare da lokaci guda da "hali" a matsayin manyan masu magana. Wannan gardamar ta ɗan takure, tunda siginar yana canza amplifier na subwoofer gaba, ban da haka, har yanzu lokaci yana buƙatar daidaitawa, amma ra'ayin daidaiton siginar zuwa masu magana da subwoofer yana roƙon tunanin ... kawai akwai duk abubuwan da ake buƙata. abubuwan fitarwa.

Matsayin ruwa ko matakin tsalle?

Mafi yawan kayan aiki: matakin da tacewa suna da santsi, matakai suna tako; biyu na sitiriyo RCA da ƙarin shigarwar LFE

Manyan sarrafawar subwoofer guda uku suna ba ku damar canza matakin (girman girma), babba mitar iyaka (wanda ake kira yanke-off) i lokaci. Biyu na farko yawanci ruwa ne, na uku - santsi ko bouncy (matsayi biyu). Shin wannan babban sulhu ne? Yawancin masana'antun sun yanke shawarar yin wannan ba kawai a cikin subwoofers masu arha ba. Saita madaidaicin lokaci, yayin da yake da matukar mahimmanci don daidaitawa mai kyau, a aikace shine mafi ƙarancin fahimta kuma yawancin masu amfani ba sa kula da su. Duk da yake daidaitawa mai santsi ita ce hanya mafi kyau don kunna subwoofer zuwa tauraron dan adam, yana sa aikin ya fi wahala kuma saboda haka yana da wahala da sakaci. Amma tare da kula da matakin da tacewa, babban bala'i ne ... Ta hanyar yarda da irin wannan sulhuntawa (mai canzawa maimakon ƙugiya), muna ƙarfafa masu amfani don gwada shi a hanya mai sauƙi: kawai ƙayyade ko wane matsayi ne mafi kyau (ƙarin bass). yana nufin mafi kyawun ma'auni na lokaci), ba tare da bincike mai ban sha'awa don manufa tare da adadi mai yawa na motsi ba. Don haka idan muna da iko mai santsi, bari mu gwada aƙalla matsananciyar matsayi, watau. daban ta 180 °, kuma tabbas za mu lura da bambanci. A cikin matsanancin hali, lokacin da aka saita ba daidai ba yana nufin rami mai zurfi a cikin halaye, kuma kawai "ƙarashin daidaitawa" yana nufin ragewa.

Ikon nesa

Har zuwa yanzu, ƙananan ƙananan subwoofers ne kawai aka sanya su remut ta hanyar remot - a gare su har yanzu kayan aiki ne na kayan marmari, ko da yake yana da amfani sosai, saboda saita subwoofer daga wurin sauraron yana taimakawa sosai wajen samun sakamako mafi kyau. Zai fi kyau yin aiki da kowace hanya fiye da gudu da baya tsakanin wurin zama da subwoofer. Duk da haka, ana fatan cewa nesa za ta zama kayan aiki na yau da kullum, kuma kunna subwoofer zai zama sauƙi kuma mafi daidai godiya ga aikace-aikace don kayan aiki na hannu - wannan bayani yana da rahusa fiye da ƙara mai nisa, kuma yana buɗewa da yawa. karin damar.

A hankali! Babban mai magana!

Akwai subwoofers daga manyan masu magana Masu woofers kadan ne… masu haɗari. Yin babban lasifikar ba shine babban fasaha ba - babban kwandon diamita da diaphragm ba su da tsada sosai, sun fi dogara da inganci (sabili da haka girman) na tsarin magnetic, wanda ke ƙayyade yawancin mahimman bayanai. A kan wannan tushe, ta hanyar zaɓin da ya dace na wasu fasalulluka na ƙira (coil, diaphragm), iko, inganci, ƙananan ƙararrawa, da kuma kyakkyawar amsawar motsa jiki an gina su. Babban lasifika mai rauni shine bala'i, musamman a cikin tsarin bass reflex.

Wannan yana iya zama dalilin da ya sa wasu mutane ke kaffa-kaffa da manyan woofers (a cikin lasifika), yawanci suna zargin su da kasancewa "sannu a hankali", kamar yadda ya nuna ta hanyar diaphragm mai nauyi. Duk da haka, idan wani nauyi oscillatory tsarin kafa a motsi isasshe tasiri "drive", sa'an nan duk abin da zai iya zama a cikin tsari, a cikin m lasifika da kuma a cikin wani aiki subwoofer. Amma a yi hankali - raunin maganadisu ba za a rama shi da babban ƙarfin amplifier ko ingancinsa (na yanzu, da dai sauransu), wanda wasu masana'antun ke bayarwa. A halin yanzu daga mai haɓakawa kamar man fetur ne, kuma ko da mafi kyawun man fetur ba zai inganta aikin injiniya mai rauni ba.

Iri ɗaya na majalisar, lasifika (a waje) da ɗaruruwan watts na iya haifar da sakamako daban-daban, ya danganta da ƙarfi da tsarin tsarin tuƙi na lasifikar.

Musamman a yanayin yanayin inverter na lokaci "karye" ta hanyar maganadi mai rauni (da / ko ƙananan ƙaramar majalisar), ba za a iya "gyara" amsawar motsi ta hanyar wutar lantarki ba, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don gyara amsawar mita. , sabili da haka, a cikin subwoofers masu aiki - sau da yawa fiye da masu magana - ana amfani da jikin rufaffiyar. Amma bass reflex yana lalata tare da mafi girman ingancinsa, yana iya yin wasa da ƙarfi, mafi ban mamaki ... kuma daidaiton fashewar ba shi da mahimmanci a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gida. Zai fi kyau a sami komai a lokaci ɗaya, wanda ke buƙatar lasifika mai ƙarfi (a kowane fanni), iko mai yawa daga amplifier da shinge tare da mafi kyawun ƙarar. Duk wannan yana kashe kuɗi, don haka manyan subwoofers masu inganci yawanci ba su da arha. Amma akwai "dalilai", amma don nemo su, bai isa ya kalli subwoofer daga waje ba, karanta halayen mallakarsa, ko ma toshewa kuma duba wasu saitunan bazuwar a cikin ɗakin bazuwar. Zai fi dacewa mu san "gaskiya masu wuya"... a cikin gwaje-gwajenmu da ma'aunin mu.

Grille - cire?

W multiband lasifika Matsalar tasirin abin rufe fuska a kan aikin sarrafawa yana da matukar mahimmanci don haka muna la'akari da shi a cikin ma'auni ta hanyar kwatanta halin da ake ciki (a kan babban axis) tare da kuma ba tare da abin rufe fuska ba. Kusan koyaushe bambancin (don cutar da gasa) a bayyane yake cewa muna ba da shawarar cire shi, wani lokacin sosai a sarari.

A cikin yanayin subwoofers, ba mu damu da wannan kwata-kwata, saboda kusan babu grille yana canza aikin zuwa wani abin gani. Kamar yadda muka yi bayani sau da dama. hankula gratings suna shafar radiation ba sosai ta hanyar abin da aka rufe lasifikar da shi ba, amma ta hanyar firam ɗin da wannan abu ya shimfiɗa. Attenuation gabatar da hankula kyallen takarda ne karami, amma short tãguwar ruwa na matsakaici da kuma high mitoci suna nuna daga scaffolds, tsoma baki da kuma game da shi haifar da ƙarin m halaye. A cikin yanayin subwoofers, ƙananan raƙuman ruwa da ke fitar da su suna da tsayi sosai (dangane da kauri daga cikin firam), don haka ba a nuna su ba, amma "na gudana a kusa" irin wannan cikas kamar gefuna na firam ɗin. majalisar, yada da yardar kaina kuma a kowane kwatance. Sabili da haka, subwoofers za a iya barin su cikin aminci tare da gasassun, idan dai ... suna da ƙarfi kuma suna da kyau don kada su shiga cikin rawar jiki a wasu lokuta da matakan girma, wanda wani lokaci yakan faru.

Watsawa mara waya sau da yawa zaɓi ne, yana buƙatar siyan samfuri na musamman, amma tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin subwoofer ya riga ya jira shi.

Madaidaici

Lokacin auna subwoofers, ba mu la'akari da halaye na kai tsaye, don haka ba ma auna halayen sarrafawa a kusurwoyi daban-daban. Yana da wuya a yi magana game da axis tare da abin da aka yi ma'auni, saboda wannan shine abin da ake kira ma'aunin filin kusa - (idan girman girman aikinsa ya ba da izini). Ƙananan mitoci saboda tsayin raƙuman raƙuman ruwa, waɗanda suka fi girma da girman babban woofer da kewayensa, suna yaɗa kai tsaye (wave mai zagaye), wanda shine babban dalilin amfani da tsarin subwoofer gabaɗaya. Don haka ba shi da mahimmanci idan subwoofer yana nunawa kai tsaye ga mai sauraro ko dan kadan zuwa gefe, yana iya kasancewa a cikin sashin ƙasa ... Don haka babu buƙatar ainihin "nufin" subwoofer a wurin sauraron, wanda ba yana nufin ba komai bane a duk inda yake .