S-70i Black Hawk - sama da ɗari da aka sayar

Wanda ya fara samun S-70i Black Hawk da aka samar a Mielec shine ma'aikatar cikin gida ta Saudi Arabiya, wacce ta ba da umarnin aƙalla kwafin uku na waɗannan rotorcraft.

Kwantiragin da aka sanya hannu a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu tsakanin Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Jamhuriyar Philippines da Polskie Zakłady Lotniczy Sp. z oo daga Mielec, mallakar Lockheed Martin Corporation, game da tsari na rukuni na biyu na jirage masu saukar ungulu na S-70i Black Hawk na tarihi, gami da dalilai biyu. Da fari dai, wannan shi ne oda mafi girma na wannan na'ura, na biyu kuma, yana ƙayyade iyakacin injunan siyar da nau'in ɗari, waɗanda aka kera a Mielec.

Lokacin da Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation ya saya ta hanyar United Technologies Holdings SA a cikin 2007 daga Agencja Rozwoju Przemysłu hannun jari 100% na Polskie Zakłady Lotnicze Sp. z oo a Mielec, da wuya kowa ya yi tsammanin yuwuwar babban kamfanin kera jiragen sama a Poland zai fadada a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Duk da rashin rashin tausayi na masu sharhi kan kasuwar jiragen sama, lamarin ya bambanta - ban da ci gaba da samar da jirgin sama na M28 Skytruck / Bryza haske da kuma kera na'urorin fuselage don manyan jirage masu saukar ungulu na Sikorsky UH-60M Black Hawk, sabon mai shi ya yanke shawarar. Jadawalin tarihin farashin hannun jari na Mielec Sikorsky Aircraft Corp. – Multi-manufa helikwafta S-70i Black Hawk. Sigar kasuwanci ta mashahurin rotorcraft na soja shine don amsa buƙatun kasuwa, inda aka gano ɗimbin gungun abokan cinikin da ba su da sha'awar samun tsoffin juzu'in UH-60 daga rarar kayan aikin Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Amurka ta hanyar wuce gona da iri. Labaran Tsaro (EDA) ko a halin yanzu ana samarwa a ƙarƙashin shirin Tallan Soja na Waje (FMS). Wannan, bi da bi, yana nufin cewa masana'anta "kawai" yana buƙatar samun lasisin fitarwa daga gwamnatin Amurka don siyar da jirage masu saukar ungulu kai tsaye (siyar da kasuwancin kai tsaye, DCS) ga ƙungiyoyi, gami da farar hula, abokan ciniki. Don yin wannan, kayan aikin da ke kan jirgin, da sauran abubuwan da aka tsara (ciki har da tuƙi), dole ne su cika ƙayyadaddun buƙatun gudanarwa (watau a ƙare idan aka kwatanta da sigar sojan da aka samar a halin yanzu)). Ƙididdiga na farko sun nuna cewa masana'anta suna tsammanin sayar da fiye da kwafi 300. Ya zuwa yau, a cikin shekaru goma na aiwatar da shirin, an sayi kashi 30% na fayil ɗin da aka tsara. A ƙarshen 2021, Polskie Zakłady Lotnicze ya samar da jirage masu saukar ungulu 90 S-70i. Ƙananan ƙananan farashin sun kasance saboda ƙananan - farkon - haɓakar tallace-tallace, da yawa fiye da yadda ake tsammani, amma an yi amfani da lokacin don haɓaka ƙwarewa a cikin ɓangaren helikwafta. Da farko, Mielec rotorcraft an gina shi azaman ma'auni kuma an kai shi zuwa Amurka don shigar da ƙarin kayan aiki daidai da buƙatun mai amfani. Duk da haka, tun daga 2016, yawancin wannan aikin an riga an gudanar da shi a Mielec, wanda ya kamata a jaddada - tare da haɓakar abokan hulɗa na Poland.

Kyakkyawan yabo na Mielec S-70i ya fara tare da kwangila tare da Chile, wanda ya haɗa da kwafi shida. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa a cikin yanayin waɗannan rotorcraft, an aiwatar da tsarin hada kayan aikin da aka yi niyya a karon farko a Poland.

Na farko, yayin da masu girman kai, an sanar da oda a cikin rabin na biyu na 2010, lokacin da aka fara tattara jerin Mielec na farko. Ma’aikatar harkokin cikin gida ta masarautar Saudiyya ta ba da odar motoci uku. Ko da yake kwangilar ta kuma ƙunshi zaɓi na tsawaita kwangilar wasu jirage masu saukar ungulu 12, har yanzu babu tabbacin hukumomin Riyadh za su amfana da wannan. Ana amfani da motocin da aka kawo a cikin 2010-2011 don tallafawa aiwatar da doka da ayyukan bincike da ceto. Bugu da ƙari, nasarar tallace-tallace ta biyu ta kasance alama ce ta musamman lokacin da aka sayar da helikofta ɗaya ga jami'an tsaron Mexico. Sai kawai a cikin 2011 an karɓi kwangilar farko don samar da kayan aikin soja - Brunei ya ba da umarnin 12, kuma Colombia ta ba da umarnin biyar (daga baya biyu). Umurni na biyu yana da mahimmanci musamman, kamar yadda Columbia ta riga ta sami gogewar yin amfani da UH-60 Black Hawks da aka kawo ta hanyar gwamnatin Amurka tun 1987. Abin da ya kamata a jaddada, bisa ga samo asali, shi ne Colombian S-70i wanda ya shiga cikin baftisma, yana shiga cikin yaki da kungiyoyin miyagun ƙwayoyi da Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP) mayakan.

Don shirin S-70, duka nasarorin da aka samu a kasuwannin soja ya kamata su kasance iskar karin magana a cikin jiragen ruwa, amma a ƙarshe sun zama na ƙarshe kafin farkon fari na kasuwa - nan da 2015, ba a sami wani sabon umarni ba. , kuma, ban da haka, Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation a watan Nuwamba 2015 ya zama mallakar Lockheed Martin Corporation. Abin takaici, ba zai yiwu a haɗa da masana'antu a Mielec a matsayin masu samar da lasisi don samar da S-70i a Turkiyya ba. Nasarar da Turkiyya ta samu wajen zabar S-2014i a cikin '70 a matsayin dandalin sabon jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu na T-70 a karkashin shirin Turkiyya Janar Helicopter Programme (TUHP) bai samu ba sakamakon tafiyar hawainiya da kamfanonin ke yi. Wannan ya faru ne saboda kwantar da dangantakar diflomasiyya a kan layin Washington-Ankara kuma yana iya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri a cikin aikin, wanda aka dauke shi a matsayin layin S-70i na daban.

Canjin ikon mallakar tsire-tsire na Mielec ya haifar da daidaitawa na dabarun tallan tallace-tallace, wanda hakan ya haifar da jerin nasarorin da ke ci gaba - kawai umarni na watannin baya-bayan nan ya haifar da ƙarshen kwangilar tallace-tallace. a cikin adadin kwafi 42. Baya ga kasuwar soja, inda aka yi kwangilar jirage masu saukar ungulu 67 a cikin 'yan shekarun nan (na Chile, Poland, Thailand da Philippines), kasuwar farar hula ta zama muhimmin aiki, tare da mai da hankali kan ayyukan gaggawa - a cikin shekaru shida da suka gabata. , Mielec ya sayar da ƙarin 21 Black Hawk. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ban da takamaiman kasuwar Amurka, inda ake ƙara amfani da jirage masu saukar ungulu don ayyukan kashe gobara, nan ba da jimawa ba sauran ƙasashe za su yi amfani da C-70i a cikin wannan ɓangaren kasuwa. Wannan saboda yawancin masu ba da sabis na kashe gobara suna motsa motocin su tsakanin yankunan wuta (saboda sharuɗɗa daban-daban na "lokacin wuta", ana iya amfani da kayan aikin jirgin iri ɗaya a Girka, Amurka da Ostiraliya). Muhimmiyar nasara ita ce kafa kyakkyawar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin masana'antun helikwafta da United Rotorcraft, wanda ya ƙware wajen jujjuya jirage masu saukar ungulu don ayyukan ceto da kashe gobara. Kwangilar da ake yi a halin yanzu na jirage masu saukar ungulu guda biyar ne kuma ta hada da, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, kwafin da za a aika zuwa ma'aikatan agajin gaggawa na Colorado, da kuma wani jirgin Firehawk na wani ma'aikacin da ba a san shi ba a wajen Amurka.