Meko style swordfish
Samfurin jirgin ruwa mai fa'ida da yawa MEKO A-300 tare da ingantaccen tsarin fama. Wannan jirgin ya zama tushen ci gaba na MEKO A-300PL ra'ayi zane, wanda shi ne jigon thyssenkrupp Marine bayar da.
Tsari a cikin shirin Miecznik.
A farkon watan Fabrairu, ƙungiyar 'yan jarida ta Poland ta sami damar koyo game da shawarwarin gina jiragen ruwa na Jamus da ke riƙe da thyssenkrupp Marine Systems, wanda aka shirya don mayar da martani ga shirin gina wani jirgin ruwa na sojan ruwa na Poland, mai suna Miecznik. Mun riga mun rubuta da yawa game da bangaren fasaha na farkon daftarin tsarin da aka tsara, wanda shine MEKO A-300, akan shafukanmu (WiT 10/2021 da 11/2021), don haka kawai za mu tuna da babban zato. Za mu mai da hankali sosai ga bangaren masana'antu da kamfanoni, da kuma tsarin kasuwanci na hadin gwiwa, wanda muhimmin bangare ne na shawarwarin Jamus na Poland.
Ginin jirgin ruwa mai rike thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbH (tkMS) wani bangare ne na kamfanin thyssenkrupp AG. Shi ne kuma mai kamfanin Atlas Elektronik GmbH, mai kera na'urorin lantarki don saman da jiragen ruwa na karkashin ruwa. Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa ƙungiyoyin haɗin gwiwa irin su kta Naval Systems AS (tkMS, Atlas Elektronik da Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace) don samar da tsarin kula da jiragen ruwa na karkashin ruwa.
Jirgin na MEKO A-300 yana da "tsibirin yaƙi" guda biyu, kuma tare da su ana haɓaka tsarin da ake buƙata don rayuwar jirgin da ci gaba da yaƙin. A kan manyan gine-gine guda biyu, ana iya ganin eriya na tsarin lantarki, kuma a tsakanin su akwai harba makamai masu linzami na jiragen ruwa da na jiragen sama. An jawo hankali ga wuraren shakatawa a bangarorin, an rufe su da grid na Faraday, wanda ke iyakance tasirin tasirin radar na waɗannan wuraren.
Fayil na TKMS a fagen jiragen ruwa masu daraja a halin yanzu sun haɗa da raka'a na nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan: MEKO A-100MB LF (friget mai haske), MEKO A-200 (Jirgin janar na ƙasa), MEKO A-300 (Frigate Multi-purpose) da F125 ("babban jirgin ruwa" wanda Deutsche Marine ya ba da izini). A cikin shekaru 40 da suka gabata, an ƙirƙira ko kuma ana gina jiragen ruwa 61 da nau'ikan corvettes 16 da gyare-gyaren su don jiragen ruwa 13 na duniya. Daga cikin wadannan, 54 a halin yanzu suna hidima, ciki har da 28 a cikin kasashe biyar na NATO.
Falsafar tkMS tana amfani da tsarin juyi na juyin halitta, wanda ke nufin kowane sabon nau'in jirgin ruwa da aka ƙera ta tkMS yana riƙe mafi kyawun magabata kuma yana ƙara sabbin fasahohi da fasahohi gami da fasalin ƙira.
MEKO A-300PL ga Navy
Shawarar tkMS ita ce aikin jirgin ruwa na MEKO A-300PL, wanda shine bambance-bambancen A-300 wanda ya dace da ainihin dabara da fasaha na Mechnik. MEKO A-300 ita ce magada kai tsaye ga jiragen ruwa guda uku: MEKO A-200 (raka'a 10 da aka gina kuma ana kan ginawa, silsilai uku), F125 (gina hudu) da MEKO A-100MB LF (hudu da ake ginawa), da kuma ƙirar sa bisa ga tsarin. da zane fasali na dukan su. Tsarin MEKO da aka yi amfani da shi wajen tsara shi, watau. MEhrzweck-KOmbination (haɗuwa da yawa) ra'ayi ne wanda ya dogara da yanayin yanayin makamai, na'urorin lantarki da sauran kayan aikin da suka dace waɗanda ke cikin tsarin yaƙi, da nufin sauƙaƙe gyare-gyaren takamaiman bayani ga buƙatun jiragen ruwa da aka ba su, kulawa ta gaba da rage siye. da kuma kula da halin kaka.
Jirgin ruwan MEKO A-300 yana da alaƙa da: jimlar ƙaura na 5900 ton, jimlar tsawon 125,1 m, matsakaicin katako na 19,25 m, daftarin 5,3 m, matsakaicin saurin 27 knots, kewayon> 6000 nautical mil. A cikin ƙirarta, an yanke shawarar yin amfani da tsarin motsa jiki na CODAD (Haɗin Diesel da Diesel), wanda shine mafita mafi tsada don siye kuma mafi inganci a cikin tsarin rayuwar jirgin ruwa. Bugu da kari, yana kiyaye ma'auni mai tsayin daka na injina kuma yana da mafi karancin tasiri ga girma da sarkakiya na kera jirgin da kimar sa hannun sa na zahiri, musamman a cikin infrared da radar, kamar yadda lamarin yake a CODAG da CODLAG. . tsarin injin turbin gas.
Siffar waje wanda ke bambanta ƙirar MEKO A-300 shine "tsibirin yaƙi" guda biyu, kowannensu yana sanye da tsare-tsare masu zaman kansu don tabbatar da aikin naúrar bayan gazawarsa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da: tsarin yaƙi mara ƙarfi, tsarin samar da wutar lantarki da tsarin rarrabawa, tsarin motsa jiki, tsarin karewa, dumama, iska da kwandishan, da tsarin kewayawa.
An ƙera jirgin ruwa na MEKO A-300 don jure fashe fashe a ƙarƙashin ruwa godiya ga kariyar tasiri da ƙirar juriya. Bayan fashewar, jirgin ruwa zai ci gaba da yin iyo, zai iya motsawa da yaki (kare iska, saman, karkashin ruwa da barazanar asymmetric). An ƙera naúrar daidai da ma'auni na rashin ƙarfi, wanda ya ƙunshi kiyaye ingantaccen buoyancy lokacin da kowane sassa uku da ke kusa da kwalkwatar ruwa ya cika. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗumbin ɗumbin ruwa shine babban bulkhead ɗin fashewa biyu wanda aka ƙarfafa musamman don jurewa da ɗaukar ƙarfin fashewar da hana shiga tsakani a sakamakon haka. Yana samar da iyaka ta ciki a tsaye tsakanin aft da baka "tsibirin yaƙi" da kuma gaba da baya lalacewa na yankunan kariya. Jirgin na MEKO A-300 shima yana dauke da garkuwar ballistic.
An kera jirgin ne bisa ga falsafar aikin jan wutar lantarki na Deutsche Marine, wanda ke nufin cewa duk wani janareta guda biyu zai iya kasawa kuma har yanzu jirgin yana da isasshen wutar lantarki don biyan muhimman buƙatun tuƙi, kewayawa da buƙatun wutar lantarki. Ana samar da janareta hudu akan tashoshin wutar lantarki guda biyu, ɗaya akan kowace “tsibirin yaƙi”. An raba su da ɗakunan ruwa guda biyar, wanda ke tabbatar da babban matakin rayuwa. Bugu da kari, idan aka samu cikakkiyar asarar babbar tashar wutar lantarki, jirgin na iya amfani da na'urar motsa jiki ta azimuth mai iya jurewa, wanda za'a iya amfani da ita azaman injin motsa jiki na gaggawa don cimma ƙananan gudu.
Ma'anar "tsibirin yaƙi" guda biyu yana ba da damar jirgin ruwa na MEKO A-300 don kula da buoyancy da motsi (motsi, wutar lantarki, kariyar lalacewa) da wani nau'i na iyawar gwagwarmaya (ma'auni, hukumomin zartarwa, umarni, sarrafawa da sadarwa - C3). ) a daya daga cikin tsibiran, idan wasu ayyuka za su nakasa saboda gazawar yaƙi ko gazawar wannan aikin akan wani. Don haka, jirgin yana da manyan matsuguni guda biyu daban-daban da manyan tubalan a kan kowane ɗayan “tsibirin yaƙi” guda biyu, kowannensu yana ɗauke da na'urori masu auna firikwensin da na'urar kunnawa, da kuma abubuwan C3 don samar da sarrafawa, ganowa, bin diddigin da yaƙi a duk yankuna ukun.
Babban ka'idar fasahar MEKO ita ce ikon haɗa kowane tsarin yaƙi a kan jirgin ruwa na A-300, gami da tsarin sarrafa yaƙi (CMS) daga kewayon masu ba da kaya, ta hanyar amfani da injiniyoyi marasa daidaituwa, lantarki, sanyaya sigina. haɗin kai. Don haka, a cikin fiye da dozin iri da nau'ikan nau'ikan jiragen ruwa da corvettes da TKMS ke tsarawa da isar da su a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata, ana haɗa tsarin sarrafawa daban-daban na masana'antun daban-daban, gami da: Atlas Elektronik, Thales, Saab da Lockheed Martin.
Dangane da tsarin yaki, jirgin MEKO A-300 yana da cikakken kayan aiki don sarrafawa, ganowa, waƙa da kuma magance barazanar iska mai dogon zango, gami da makamai masu linzami na dabara, a nisan sama da kilomita 150 da kuma hulɗa da sojojin ruwa ko kamar yadda yake. wani hadedde firikwensin dandali / fama a cikin iska tsaro yankin.
An ƙera ƙirar MEKO A-300 don haɗa duk wani makami mai linzami na jirgin ruwa daga masana'anta na Yamma. Matsakaicin adadin su shine 16, wanda ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman raka'a da girmansa.
Don nemo jiragen ruwa na karkashin ruwa, jirgin an sanye shi da: hull sonar, sonar towed (m da mai aiki) da na'urori masu auna firikwensin jirgin ruwa, ana haɗa jiragen ruwa tare da hanyar sadarwar PDS (har zuwa jirage masu saukar ungulu guda biyu sanye da sonar da sonar buoys, har zuwa biyu. sonar, kamar Atlas Elektronik ARCIMS). MEKO A-11 sanye take da Atlas Elektronik sonars aiki a matsakaici da kuma high mita da kuma musamman tsara don aiki a cikin Baltic yanayi.
Makamin na PDO ya haɗa da: tubes guda uku na 324-mm haske torpedo tubes, biyu Atlas Elektronik SeaHake Mod 533 4-mm nauyi torpedo tubes, biyu Atlas Elektronik SeaSpider hudu-barreled anti-torpedo tubes, hudu Rheinmetall MASS EM / IR anti-torpedo. bututu. . An daidaita tsarin PDO na jirgin ruwa na MEKO A-300 don wasan kwaikwayo na Baltic. Yanayin bakin teku na wannan ruwa na ruwa, da yanayin yanayin ruwa da kasancewar reverberation, yana buƙatar amfani da sonars na mita mafi girma fiye da jiragen ruwa da ke aiki a cikin zurfin teku.
