Roket Karakurt a cikin samar da taro

Samfurin karamin jirgin ruwan makami mai linzami na aikin 22800 Mytishchi a kan tafiya cikin sauri yayin gwajin teku. A lokacin, har yanzu ana kiran jirgin da sunan "Hurricane". Wannan daya ne daga cikin hawa biyu a cikin tsarin na asali, manyan makaman kare-dangi wadanda bindigogin AK-30M mai girman mm 630 ne.

A ranar 20 ga Mayu, Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Tarayyar Rasha ta sanar da cewa gwajin ginin jirgin ruwa na Odintsovo karamin jirgin ruwan makami mai linzami na Project 22800 Karakurt, rukunin farko tare da tsarin makami mai linzami na Pantsir-M, ya fara a cikin Tekun Baltic.

Kwanaki biyu a baya, babban kwamandan sojojin ruwa na Rasha (Navy) Adm. Nikolai Evmenov, a lokacin hutu na Baltic Fleet, ya sanar da cewa za a sami Karakurt guda shida a cikin wannan kawancen aiki, ciki har da hudu a cikin tsarin makamin da aka yi niyya, watau. Pantsir-M. Na farkon su shine Odincowo, wanda wannan rukunin zai iya cin jarabawar jiha.

A cikin watan Mayu na wannan shekara, an fara gwajin gwajin teku na Odintsov, na farko na Karakurt a cikin sigar karshe, tare da tsarin makami mai linzami na tsaro na Pantsir-M da aka sanya a kan wani tudu a cikin jirgin ruwa. Alamar alama ta eriya ta SOC na iska da gano radar sama da wurin sa ido.

Farkon jerin, watau. zaɓi na wucin gadi

Ka tuna cewa jiragen ruwa guda biyu na Project 22800 sun riga sun yi aiki tare da Baltic Fleet, amma a cikin tsarin asali, babban kayan aikin su shine bindigogi 30-mm AK-630M swivel. Wannan shine samfurin "Mytishchi" da shigarwa na farko na Soviet serial. Dalilin yin amfani da makaman da aka haɓaka a cikin 60-70s shine rashin samun sabon Pantsira-M a lokacin gina wasu nau'ikan Karakurt da aka ambata. Rashin wannan kit ɗin, musamman ma na'urorin radar da ke tare da eriya masu dogon bango, waɗanda ya kamata su kai matakin sama na babban tsarin, yana nufin cewa wannan ɓangaren ƙirar nasa yana da siffa daban-daban fiye da na rukunin da ke ɗauke da Pantsira- M.

Dukkan jiragen biyu an gina su ne a Gidan Gina Jirgin Ruwa na Piella Leningrad a Otradnoye kusa da St. Petersburg. An gudanar da shimfidar keels a lokaci guda a ranar 24 ga Disamba, 2015 a karkashin kwangilar da aka sanya hannu a ranar 16 ga Disamba, 2015, kuma ƙaddamar da sunayen asali "Hurricane" da "Typhoon" ya faru a Yuli 29 da Nuwamba 24, 2017, bi da bi. , riga a cikin sabon hadadden samarwa. shipyard "Piella" (shi ne kuma located a kan Neva, amma a cikin administrative iyakoki na St. Petersburg), wanda ya hada da, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, an rufe post ga taro da kuma ba da kayan aiki da kuma wani zamani kwance kai tsarin da damar da su zuwa gare su. a matsar da shi daga ƙarƙashin rufin zuwa madaidaicin slipway da ake amfani da shi don ƙaddamarwa. Godiya ga wannan ababen more rayuwa, ana ƙaddamar da jiragen ruwa a babban matakin shirye-shiryen, wanda ke iyakance yawan aikin da ake buƙata a kan ruwa a wurin kayan aiki.

An fara gwajin gwajin teku na samfurin a ranar 17 ga Mayu, 2018 akan tafkin Ladoga. A lokacin su, jirgin ya shiga cikin faretin WMF, wanda ya faru a ranar 29 ga Yuli, 2018 a kan Neva a St. Petersburg. A ranar 27 ga Satumba, 2018, Piełła ya sanar da fara gwajin jihar na wannan jirgin, wanda ya kamata ya fara faruwa a cikin White Sea, tare da tushe a tashar jiragen ruwa na Severodvinsk, inda jirgin ya isa ta hanyar White Sea-Baltic Canal. Satumba 28 - Oktoba 7. A ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 2018 ne aka fara gwajin teku a yankin Arewa mai Nisa. harba makamai masu linzami "Caliber-NK" a kan teku da kuma gabar teku. Mataki na ƙarshe na gwaji ya faru a cikin Tekun Baltic. Sun ƙare cikin nasara, wanda ya ba da damar daga tuta, tuni a ƙarƙashin sabon sunan Mytishchi, wanda a ƙarshe ya faru a ranar 17 ga Disamba, 2018 a Baltiysk, kwanaki biyar a makare idan aka kwatanta da tsare-tsaren da suka gabata.

Hakanan, a ranar 20 ga Mayu, 2019, an fara gwajin ginin jirgi na rukunin farko na farko a Ladoga, wanda a lokacin ya sami nasarar canza suna daga Typhoon zuwa Sovetsk, matakin farko ya ɗauki kwanaki huɗu. An riga an gudanar da ƙarin matakan gwajin masana'antu da gwajin jihohi a cikin Tekun Baltic. Sakamakon haka, jirgin ya shiga aiki a ranar 12 ga Oktoba, 2019.

Jirgin ruwa na farko a cikin tsari na manufa

Rukunin wutar lantarki na uku na aikin 22800 kuma Pieła ya gina shi. Da farko, ana kiran wannan jirgin Szkwał, wanda aka canza zuwa Odincowo na yanzu bayan kaddamar da shi. A watan Disamba na 2019, an canja shi zuwa Baltiysk, inda a cikin Maris 2020 aka shigar da tsarin gwagwarmaya na Pantsir-M. An fara sanya shi a kan jirgin ruwa yayin bikin ƙaddamar da shi, amma taro ne na gaggawa. A ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 2020, an sanar da cewa an fara gwajin tether a Odinkovo.

A lokacin matakin farko na gwaje-gwajen teku, ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa da ma'aikatan jirgin sun sami damar duba aikin tuki da motsin sa, da sabis na kayan aikin jirgin da tsarin gabaɗaya, da na'urorin kewayawa da sadarwa. A mataki na gaba, za a yi gwajin harba makamai masu linzami a teku da iska. Mai yuwuwa, kafin a saka shi cikin sabis, sabon tsarin tsaron jiragen ruwa na gajeren zango na Rasha na Pantsir-M zai yi gwajin jiha akan wannan jirgin. Bayan kammala duk gwaje-gwaje, Odinkovo, kamar biyu na baya Karakurt, zai fara sabis a cikin Baltic Fleet.

A wannan mataki, yana da daraja gabatar da sabon tsarin makami da aka ambata, wanda ba a san shi da Caliber-NK (ƙarin cikakkun bayanai a cikin WiT 1/2016 da 2/2016), amma a matsayin babban hanyar magance harin iska. galibi yana ƙayyade rayuwar waɗannan jiragen ruwa a fagen fama na zamani.

"Shell-M" da aka ɓullo da da zane ofishin JSC "Design kayan aiki" (KBP) daga Tula. Duk da sunansa, wannan ba sigar sojan ruwa ba ne na tsarin hana jiragen sama na 96K6 Pantsir-S na ƙasa, amma ƙarin ci gaban 3M87 Kortik / 3M87-1 Kortik-M sojan ruwa da tsarin makami mai linzami. A taƙaice, ya haɗu da rukunin bindigogi, turret da barbettes daga Kortik tare da radar da ganowa na optoelectronic, bin diddigin tsarin sarrafa wuta daga Pantsira-S da sabon Pantsira-SM. Sunan "Pantsir-M" an karɓa ne musamman don dalilai na tallace-tallace, tun da filin ƙasa ya sami nasara mai mahimmanci a kasuwa, yana karɓar umarni ba kawai ga Rundunar Sojan Rasha ba, har ma da dama ga abokan ciniki na kasashen waje.

A matsayin wani ɓangare na gyare-gyaren tsarin yaƙi na Kortik-M hadaddun, an maye gurbin radar da aka yi niyya, an ƙara sabon shugaban gani na optoelectronic kuma an yi amfani da makamai masu linzami 57E6 (kamar yadda yake a cikin Pantsir-S), waɗanda suka maye gurbin 9M311 makamai masu linzami. . Mafi mahimmanci, tsarin ba shine tashoshi ɗaya ba kuma, a cikin sigar sa na yanzu, yana iya yaƙi da hari guda huɗu a lokaci guda tare da makaman roka a cikin 90 °, wanda shine watakila babbar fa'idarsa akan Dirks.

Pantsir-M yana da ikon yaƙar maƙasudin iska wanda ke motsawa a matsakaicin saurin 1000 m/s, kuma lokacin amsawarsa shine 3÷5 cm zuwa 1,5km. A gefe guda kuma, ana iya amfani da bindigogin swivel mai girman 20-mm 2-garrele 15K30GSz a kan masu hari a nisan kilomita 6 zuwa 30 kuma a tsayin kilomita 0,5 zuwa 4. Hannun harsashi na shirye-shiryen da aka yi don cannons shine zagaye 0, kuma mujallu biyu na ƙasa-ƙasa na iya ɗaukar jigilar kayayyaki 3 da harba kwantena tare da makamai masu linzami 1000E32.

Yiwuwar wannan saitin tabbas yana ƙaruwa ta tsarin zamani na hanyoyin fasaha na lura. Pantsir-M yana mu'amala tare da SOC mai gano manufa (Target Detection Station) [mai yiwuwa tare da eriya na tashar Pantsira-S 1RS1-3-RLM, abin da ake kira. jerin na biyu, S-band - ed. ed.], wanda aikinsu shine gano iska da maƙasudan saman. An gina eriya ta octagonal huɗu na tashar a cikin babban tsari a gindin mast. Sama da kowane, akwai kuma eriya don tsarin tantance “aboki ko aboki”. Na karshen sun fi takwarorinsu na duniya girma daga Pantsira.

A daya hannun, a kan fama module kanta, wani manufa sa ido tashar da SSCR makamai masu linzami [1RS2-3 X-band - kimanin. ed.], wanda ya fara aiki bayan tsarin da farko ya nuna makasudin kuma ya juya tsarin gwagwarmaya a hanya mai kyau, kuma aikinsa shine bin abin da ake nufi, sannan kuma ya harba makamai masu linzami na 57E6 da kuma samar da umarnin jagora. Dukansu radars sun haɓaka ta Tula JSC "Babban Ƙirar Kayan Kayan Aiki ta Tsakiya".

Bugu da kari, an shigar da wani optoelectronic lura da shugaban jagora a kan tsarin yaƙi sama da eriyar radar. A cikin "Pantsir-S" ya kasance 10ES1, kuma a cikin "Pantsir-M" na jirgin - wani sabon nau'i, wanda ba a sani ba, mai yiwuwa ya haɗu da wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin "Pantsir-SM".