Masu gini na baya: Masu kera motoci tarihi ne

Gina mota yana da wahala. Ƙirƙirar motoci da yawa waɗanda mutane za su so su ba ku kuɗi ya fi wuya. Tun lokacin da motar ta zo, an kafa ɗaruruwan masu kera motoci waɗanda suka kera motoci kuma suka tashi. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan magina sun kasance masu hazaka, yayin da wasu kuma suna da injinan da ba su da yawa "daga cikin akwatin", ma kafin lokacinsu, ko kuma kawai mummuna; kamar Pontiac LeMans na 1988 wanda ba zai yuwu ya zama abin tattarawa ba.

Duk da dalilai na gazawar, wasu masana'antun sun haskaka da haske, kuma motocinsu sun kasance a yau gadon salo, ƙira da aiki. Anan akwai tsoffin magina waɗanda suka yi wasu motoci masu ban mamaki.

Mai Rarraba

Studebaker, a matsayin kamfani, ya samo asalinsa zuwa 1852. Tsakanin 1852 zuwa 1902, kamfanin ya fi shahara ga karusan doki, buggies, da kekuna fiye da duk wani abu da ya shafi motocin farko.

A shekara ta 1902, kamfanin ya samar da motarsa ​​ta farko, motar lantarki, kuma a cikin 1904, motar farko da injin mai. An yi su a South Bend, Indiana, motocin Studebaker an san su da salon su, ta'aziyya da ingantaccen ingancin gini. Wasu shahararrun motocin Studebaker don tarawa sune Avanti, Golden Hawk da Speedster.

Packard

Kamfanin Mota na Packard sananne ne a duk duniya don motocin alatu da kayan alatu. An ƙirƙira shi a Detroit, alamar ta sami nasarar yin gasa tare da masana'antun Turai irin su Rolls-Royce da Mercedes-Benz. An kafa shi a cikin 1899, ana mutunta kamfanin sosai don ƙirƙirar motocin alatu da abin dogaro. Packard kuma ya yi kaurin suna wajen zama mai kirkire-kirkire kuma ita ce mota ta farko da ke da injin V12, na'urar sanyaya iska da kuma sitiyarin zamani na farko.

Packards shine mafi kyawun ƙirar Amurka da fasaha a mafi kyawun sa. A cikin 1954, Packard ya haɗu da Studebaker don ci gaba da yin gasa tare da Ford da GM. Abin takaici, wannan ya ƙare da kyau ga Packard kuma an kera mota ta ƙarshe a cikin 1959.

DeSoto

DeSoto wata alama ce da Kamfanin Chrysler Corporation ya kafa kuma mallakarta a cikin 1928. Wanda aka yi masa suna bayan mai binciken ɗan ƙasar Sipaniya Hernando de Soto, alamar ta yi gogayya da Oldsmobile, Studebaker da Hudson a matsayin alamar tsakiyar farashi.

A wani lokaci, motocin DeSoto suna da wasu siffofi na musamman. Daga 1934 zuwa 1936, kamfanin ya ba da Airflow, wani streamlined coupe da sedan wanda ya kasance shekarun da suka gabata kafin lokacinsa dangane da na'urorin aerodynamics. DeSoto kuma shine kamfanin mota na farko da ya ba da allurar mai ta lantarki (EFI) akan motocinsa a cikin 1958. Wannan fasaha ta tabbatar da inganci fiye da alluran man fetur na inji kuma ta share hanya ga motocin da ake sarrafa su da lantarki da muke tukawa a yau.

Na gaba zai zama rashin nasarar Ford!

Edsel

Kamfanin motar Edsel ya dade kawai 3 gajerun shekaru, daga 1956 zuwa 1959. An yi wa reshen na Ford lissafin kuɗi a matsayin "motar nan gaba" kuma ta yi alƙawarin ba abokan ciniki ingantaccen salon rayuwa mai salo. Sai dai kash, motocin ba su yi yadda ake cece-kuce ba, kuma a lokacin da suka yi muhawara, an dauke su da muni da tsada.

Sunan kamfanin ne bayan ɗan Henry Ford Edsel Ford. Lokacin da kamfanin ya rufe a cikin 1960, hoto ne na rushewar kamfanoni. Edsel da alama yana da dariya na ƙarshe, saboda gajeriyar zagayowar samarwa da ƙarancin samar da motoci ya sa su zama masu daraja sosai a kasuwar masu tarawa.

Duesenberg

An kafa Duesenberg Motors a Saint Paul, Minnesota a cikin 1913. Da farko, kamfanin ya samar da injuna da motoci masu tsere waɗanda suka ci Indianapolis 500 sau uku. Dukkan motocin an yi su da hannu kuma sun sami kyakkyawan suna don ingantaccen gini da alatu.

Falsafar Duesenberg a cikin masana'antar kera motoci ta ƙunshi sassa uku: dole ne ya zama mai sauri, dole ne ya zama babba, kuma dole ne ya zama abin marmari. Sun fafata da Rolls-Royce, Mercedes-Benz da Hispano-Suiza. Duesenbergs sun kasance masu arziki, masu iko da taurarin fina-finai na Hollywood. Motar da ba a taɓa yin irinta ba kuma mafi daraja ta Amurka da aka taɓa yi ita ce 1935 Duesenberg SSJ. Motoci biyu masu karfin dawaki 400 ne aka kera su kuma mallakar Clark Gable da Gary Cooper ne.

Kibiya Piers

Kamfanin kera motoci na alatu Pierce-Arrow ya bibiyi tarihinsa zuwa 1865, amma bai yi motarsa ​​ta farko ba sai 1901. A shekara ta 1904, kamfanin ya kafu sosai wajen kera manyan motoci na alfarma ga abokan ciniki masu arziki, gami da shugabannin Amurka. A cikin 1909, Shugaba Taft ya ba da umarnin amfani da Pierce-Arrows guda biyu don kasuwancin gwamnati, wanda ya sa su zama motocin "hukunce" na farko na Fadar White House.

Babu wani madadin ƙaura, kuma farkon Pierce-Arrows ya yi amfani da injin lita 11.7 ko 13.5 don samun mutane masu mahimmanci tsakanin wuraren zuwa cikin sauƙi. Mota ta ƙarshe ita ce Arrow Azurfa ta 1933, sedan mai salo mai ban sha'awa wacce biyar kawai aka gina.

Saab

Yana da wuya a daina ƙaunar ƙwararrun masana'antar motar Sweden ta Saab - na musamman da sabbin hanyoyinsu ga motoci sun haɓaka ƴan fasalolin aminci da ci-gaba fasahar. Zanensu da motocinsu ba za su taɓa ruɗe da wani abu a hanya ba.

An kafa Saab AB a cikin 1937 a matsayin kamfanin sufurin jiragen sama da tsaro, kuma sashin kera motoci na kamfanin ya fara a 1945. A ko da yaushe motoci na daukar kwarin gwiwa daga jirgin kamfanin, amma Saab ya fi shahara da zabin injuna na musamman, ciki har da 2. Piston V4 injuna, farkon gabatarwar turbocharging a cikin 1970s. Abin takaici, Saab ya ƙare a cikin 2012.

Kamfanin kera motoci na Italiya da ya yi amfani da injunan Chevy yana gaba!

Iso Autoveikoli Spa

Iso Autoveicoli, wanda kuma aka sani da Iso Motors ko kuma a sauƙaƙe "Iso", wani mai kera motoci ne na Italiya wanda ya kera motoci da babura tun daga 1953. Bertone ya gina. Ba shi da kyau fiye da wannan!

Iso Grifo 7 litri na 1968 mai ban mamaki yana da injin Chevrolet 427 Tri-Power V8 mai karfin dawaki 435 da babban gudun 186 mph. Wani abin mamaki shi ne, motar da ta fi samun nasara da Iso ya kera ita ce wata karamar mota kirar Isetta. Iso ya ƙirƙira da haɓaka ƙaramin motar kumfa kuma ya ba motar lasisi ga wasu masana'antun.

Austin-Healey

Shahararren kamfanin kera motocin motsa jiki na Burtaniya Austin-Healey an kafa shi ne a cikin 1952 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Austin, wani reshen Kamfanin Motoci na Biritaniya, da Kamfanin Motar Don Healey. Bayan shekara guda, a cikin 1953, kamfanin ya samar da motar wasanni ta farko, BN1 Austin-Healey 100.

Wutar lantarki ta fito ne daga injin silinda mai ƙarfin dawaki 90 kuma yana da kyau isa ya motsa svelte ɗin hanya zuwa babban gudun 106 mph. Motorsport shine inda motocin wasanni na Austin-Healey ke haskakawa sosai, kuma alamar ta yi nasara a duk faɗin duniya har ma ta kafa rikodin saurin ƙasa da yawa na Bonneville. "Babban" Healey, Model 3000, ita ce Austin-Healey mafi kyawun motar wasanni kuma a yau ana daukarta sosai a matsayin ɗayan manyan motocin wasanni na Biritaniya.

Dakin

LaSalle wani yanki ne na General Motors wanda aka kafa a cikin 1927 don sanya kansa a kasuwa tsakanin manyan Cadillacs da Buicks. Motocin LaSalle sun kasance masu alatu, jin daɗi, da salo, amma a bayyane sun fi araha fiye da takwarorinsu na Cadillac. Kamar Cadillac, LaSalle kuma ana kiranta da sunan wani sanannen mai binciken Faransa, kuma motocin farko kuma sun ari salo daga motocin Turai.

Kyautar LaSalle an yi la'akari da kyau, an karɓa sosai, kuma sun ba GM motar alatu kusa don ƙarawa zuwa fayil ɗin su. Watakila babban abin da LaSalle ya yi na shahara shi ne cewa babban mai zanen mota ne na Harley Earl. Ya tsara LaSalle na farko kuma ya shafe shekaru 30 a GM, a ƙarshe yana kula da duk aikin ƙira na kamfanin.

Markos Engineering LLC

An kafa Marcos Engineering a Arewacin Wales a cikin 1958 ta Jem Marsh da Frank Costin. Sunan Marcos ya fito ne daga haruffa uku na farko na kowane sunayensu na ƙarshe. Motocin farko sun kasance masu lanƙwasa plywood chassis, kofofi masu ruɗi kuma an kera su musamman don tsere. Motocin sun kasance masu haske, masu ƙarfi, sauri da kuma tsere ta fitaccen ɗan wasan F1 Sir Jackie Stewart, Jackie Oliver da Le Mans babban Derek Bell.

Marcos ya kasance mai sana'a har zuwa 2007 lokacin da motocin suka nuna suna da sauri kuma suna da matukar fa'ida a cikin tseren motoci na wasanni amma ba su sami nasarar hanyar da ta ba kamfanin damar ci gaba da samun riba ba.

Wisconsin asali na gaba!

Nash Motors

An kafa Nash Motors a cikin 1916 a Kenosha, Wisconsin don kawo ƙirƙira da fasaha zuwa kasuwar mota mai arha. Nash zai zama majagaba na ƙirar mota mai rahusa guda ɗaya, tsarin dumama na zamani da na iska, ƙananan motoci, da bel ɗin kujera.

Nash ya rayu a matsayin kamfani na daban har zuwa 1954, lokacin da ya haɗu da Hudson don ƙirƙirar Motoci na Amurka (AMC). Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun abubuwan da Nash ya yi shine motar Metropolitan. Mota ce ta tattalin arziƙi wacce ta fara fitowa a cikin 1953, lokacin da yawancin masu kera motoci na Amurka suka yi imani da falsafar "mafi girma ita ce mafi kyau". An gina ƙananan Metropolitan a Turai na musamman don kasuwar Amurka.

Pegasus

Kamfanin Pegaso na kasar Sipaniya ya fara kera manyan motoci, taraktoci da motocin sojoji a shekarar 1946, amma ya fadada a cikin 102 tare da babbar motar wasanni ta Z-1951. Samfuran ya gudana daga 1951 zuwa 1958, tare da jimlar motoci 84 da aka kera a yawancin bambance-bambancen na musamman.

Z-102 yana samuwa tare da kewayon injuna daga 175 zuwa 360 dawakai. A shekara ta 1953, Z-102 mai karfin lita 2.8 ya karya rikodin nisan miloli ta hanzari zuwa matsakaicin saurin 151 mph. Wannan ya isa ya zama motar da ta fi sauri kera a duniya a lokacin. Pegaso, a matsayinsa na kamfani, ya ci gaba da kera manyan motoci, bas da motocin soja har zuwa lokacin da aka rufe shi a shekarar 1994.

Talbot-Lake

Kafa kamfanin mota na Talbot-Lago yana da tsayi, daure, da sarkakiya, amma hakan ba komai. Zamanin da aka fi dangantawa da girman kamfani ya fara ne lokacin da Antonio Lago ya karɓi kamfanin motar Talbot a 1936. Bayan motsa jiki na zaɓin siyan, Antonio Lago ya sake tsara Talbot don kafa Talbot-Lago, wani kamfani na kera motoci wanda ya ƙware a tsere da manyan motocin alfarma. ga wasu abokan ciniki mafi arziki a duniya.

Motocin sun ci gaba da yin tsere a Le Mans da kuma fadin Turai, suna samun kwarjini irin na Bugatti don ingantattun motoci masu kayatarwa, masu kayatarwa, da hannu. Mafi shaharar mota ne babu shakka T-1937-S na 150.

Chemisette

Akwai motoci da yawa da masu kera motoci da yawa waɗanda ke da tarihin da zai iya dacewa da na Tucker. Preston Tucker ya fara aiki a kan wata sabuwar mota ce mai inganci a cikin 1946. Manufar ita ce a sauya fasalin mota, amma kamfanin da mutumin da ke kula da, Preston Tucker, sun tsunduma cikin ka'idojin makirci, binciken Hukumar Tsaro da Musanya ta Amurka, da muhawarar manema labarai mara iyaka. da jama'a.

Motar da aka kera, Tucker 48, mota ce ta gaske. An ƙarfafa shi ta injin helikwafta da aka gyara, lebur-5.4-lita 160 ya samar da ƙarfin dawakai 372 tare da ƙaƙƙarfan juzu'i mai nauyin 48 lb-ft. Wannan injin ya kasance a bayan motar, wanda ya kera injin XNUMX na baya da na baya.

Kamfanin Triumph Motor

Asalin Triumph ya samo asali ne tun 1885 lokacin da Siegfried Bettmann ya fara shigo da kekuna daga Turai yana sayar da su a Landan da sunan "Triumph". An kera keken Triumph na farko a cikin 1889 kuma babur na farko a 1902. Sai a 1923 aka sayar da motar Triumph ta farko, 10/20.

Saboda matsalolin kudi, an sayar da sashin babur na kasuwanci a cikin 1936 kuma ya kasance kamfani daban har yau. Kasuwancin motar Triumph ya farfado bayan yakin duniya na biyu kuma ya samar da wasu daga cikin mafi kyawun masu titin Burtaniya da motocin wasanni na zamaninsa. TR2, TR3, Spitfire, TR6, TR7 ƙwararrun ƴan titin Birtaniyya ne, amma ba su isa su ci gaba da raya alamar a cikin dogon lokaci ba.

Alamar ta gaba ta rushe a lokacin Babban Mawuyacin hali.

Willys-Overland Motors

Willys-Overland a matsayin kamfani ya fara ne a cikin 1908 lokacin da John Willis ya sayi Motoci na Overland. A cikin shekaru ashirin na farko na karni na 20, Willys-Overland shine na biyu mafi girma na kera motoci a Amurka, bayan Ford. Nasarar farko ta Willys ta zo ne a farkon yakin duniya na biyu, lokacin da suka kera da kera motar Jeep.

The Willys Coupe, wani bugu, ya kasance sanannen zaɓi a tsakanin ƴan tseren ja da kuma tabbatar da samun nasara sosai a gasar NHRA. An sayar da Willys-Overland ga Kamfanin Motocin Amurka (AMC). Chrysler ne ya sayi AMC, kuma sanannen Jeep wanda ya yi nasara ga kamfanin har yanzu yana kan samarwa a yau.

Oldsmobile

Oldsmobile, wanda Ransome E. Olds ya kafa, wani kamfani ne na farko na kera motoci wanda ya ƙera mota ta farko da aka samar da jama'a kuma ya kafa layin hada motoci na farko. Oldsmobile ya kasance kusan shekaru 11 kawai a matsayin kamfani mai zaman kansa lokacin da General Motors ya sami shi a cikin 1908. Oldsmobile ya ci gaba da haɓakawa kuma ya zama masana'anta na farko da ya ba da cikakkiyar watsawa ta atomatik a cikin 1940. A cikin 1962 sun gabatar da injin Turbo Jetfire, injin turbocharged na farko.

Wasu daga cikin shahararrun motocin Oldsmobile sun haɗa da motar tsoka 442, wagon tasha ta Vista Cruiser, Toronado, da Cutlass. Abin takaici, alamar ta rasa hangen nesa a cikin 1990s da farkon 2000s, kuma a cikin 2004 GM ya daina wanzuwa.

Kamfanin Kawo Mota na Stanley

A cikin 1897, tagwaye Francis Stanley da Freelan Stanley ne suka gina motar tuhumi ta farko. A cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa, sun kera da sayar da motoci sama da 200, wanda hakan ya sa suka zama masu kera motoci na Amurka mafi nasara a lokacin. A shekara ta 1902, tagwayen sun sayar da haƙƙin motocinsu na farko da ke yin tururi don yin gogayya da Locomobile, wanda ya ci gaba da kera motoci har zuwa 1922. A cikin wannan shekarar, an kafa Kamfanin Kawo Motoci na Stanley bisa hukuma.

Gaskiya mai dadi: A cikin 1906, motar Stanley mai amfani da tururi ya kafa tarihin duniya don mafi sauri mil a cikin 28.2 seconds a 127 mph. Babu wata mota mai amfani da tururi da za ta iya karya wannan tarihin har zuwa 2009. Stanley Motors ya fita kasuwanci a shekara ta 1924 yayin da motoci masu amfani da man fetur suka zama mafi inganci da sauƙin aiki.

Aerocar International

Dukanmu mun yi mafarkin mota mai tashi, amma Moulton Taylor ne ya sa wannan mafarkin ya zama gaskiya a shekara ta 1949. A kan hanya, Aerocar ya ja fikafikan da za a iya cirewa, wutsiya, da farfela. Tana aiki azaman motar tuƙi ta gaba kuma tana iya yin gudu har zuwa mil 60 cikin sa'a. A cikin iska, matsakaicin gudun ya kasance 110 mph tare da kewayon mil 300 da matsakaicin tsayin ƙafa 12,000.

Kamfanin Aerocar International ya kasa samun isassun umarni don sanya motarsu mai tashi cikin aiki mai tsanani, kuma shida ne kawai aka taɓa ginawa. Dukkanin su shida suna cikin gidajen tarihi ko na sirri kuma yawancinsu har yanzu suna iya tashi.

Kamfanin Cunningham BS

Duk abubuwan da aka haɗa na Amurka, ƙa'idodin tsere da salo na Turai sun sanya motocin Kamfanin BS Cunningham cikin sauri, ingantaccen gini da cancanta. Briggs Cunningham, hamshakin attajiri ne ya kafa shi, wanda ke tseren motocin motsa jiki da jiragen ruwa, manufar ita ce samar da motocin motsa jiki na Amurka wadanda za su yi gogayya da mafi kyawun motoci a Turai a kan hanya da kuma kan hanya.

Motocin farko da kamfanin ya kera sune keɓaɓɓun motocin C2-R da C4-R a cikin 1951 da 1952. Sai kuma C3 mai kyau, wacce ita ma motar tsere ce, amma ta dace da amfani da titi. Mota ta ƙarshe, motar tseren C6-R, an kera ta ne a cikin 1955 kuma saboda kamfanin ya kera motoci kaɗan ya kasa ci gaba da samarwa bayan 1955.

Excalibur

An tsara shi bayan Mercedes-Benz SSK kuma an gina shi akan chassis Studebaker, Excalibur motar motsa jiki ce mai nauyi mai nauyi wacce ta fara fitowa a 1964. Shahararren mai zanen masana'antu da kera motoci Brooks Stevens, a lokacin yana aiki da Studebaker, ya kera motar amma ta fuskanci matsalar kudi. a Studebaker yana nufin cewa samar da injuna da kayan aiki dole ne su fito daga wani wuri daban.

An yi yarjejeniya tare da GM don amfani da Corvette 327cc V8 tare da ƙarfin dawakai 300. Idan aka yi la'akari da nauyin motar kawai nauyin 2100, Excalibur ya yi sauri sosai. Dukkanin motoci 3,500 da aka gina an kera su ne a Milwaukee, Wisconsin, kuma motar ta retro ta ci gaba har zuwa 1986, lokacin da kamfanin ya ruguje.

Zuriya

Kamfanin Toyota, Scion, an yi shi ne don jawo hankalin matasa masu siyan mota. Alamar ta jaddada salo, motoci marasa tsada da na musamman, kuma sun dogara kacokan akan dabarun tallan na 'yan ta'adda. Sunan da ya dace ga kamfani, kamar yadda kalmar Scion ke nufin "zuriyar dangi mai daraja."

An fara ƙaddamar da alamar matasa a cikin 2003 tare da ƙirar xA da xB. Sa'an nan kuma ya zo tC, xD, kuma a karshe babbar motar wasanni ta FR-S. Motocin sun raba injuna, watsawa da chassis tare da yawancin nau'ikan Toyota kuma galibi sun dogara ne akan Yaris ko Corolla. Kamfanin Toyota ya sake karbe ta a shekarar 2016.

Autobianchi

A shekara ta 1955, kamfanin kera kekuna da babur Bianchi ya haɗu da kamfanin taya Pirelli da kuma mai kera motoci Fiat don samar da Autobianchi. Kamfanin ya samar da ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan motoci na musamman kuma ya kasance filin gwaji don Fiat don gano sababbin ƙira da ra'ayoyi kamar jikin fiberglass da tuƙi na gaba.

The A112, wanda aka gabatar a cikin 1969, ya kasance mafi shaharar mota da Autobianchi ya kera. An ci gaba da samarwa har zuwa 1986, kuma an ƙima ƙaramar hatchback don kyakkyawar kulawa, kuma a cikin datsa Performance Abarth, ya zama kyakkyawan ƙorafi da ɗan tseren tudu. Nasarar A112 Abarth ta kai ga gasar cin kofin mutum daya inda da yawa daga cikin fitattun direbobin Italiya suka daukaka kwarewarsu.

ƙwayoyin cuta

Alamar Mercury, wanda Edsel Ford ya ƙirƙira a cikin 1938, yanki ne na Kamfanin Motoci na Ford wanda aka yi niyya don zama tsakanin layin motoci na Ford da Lincoln. An ƙirƙira shi azaman alamar alatu/daraja ta matakin shigarwa, mai kama da Buick ko Oldsmobile.

Babu shakka mafi kyawun mota da Mercury ya taɓa yi ita ce 1949CM Series 9. Kyakkyawar kyan gani mai kyan gani ko sedan, ya zama abin fi so da gumaka mai zafi. Hakanan sananne ne don kasancewar motar da halin James Dean ke tukawa. Tarzoma ba tare da dalili ba. Cougar da Marauder suma manyan motoci ne da Mercury ya kera, amma abubuwan da suka shafi alamar alama a cikin 2000s sun sa Ford ta dakatar da Mercury a cikin 2010.

Harshen Panhard

Kamfanin kera motoci na Faransa Panhard ya fara aiki a shekara ta 1887 kuma yana daya daga cikin masu kera motoci na farko a duniya. Kamfanin, wanda a lokacin aka sani da Panhard et Levassor, ya kasance majagaba a ƙirar kera motoci kuma ya kafa yawancin ƙa'idodi na motocin da har yanzu ake amfani da su a yau.

Panhard ita ce mota ta farko da ta ba da fedar kama don sarrafa akwatin gear da daidaitacce akan injin gaban motar baya. Panhard Rod, dakatarwar baya ta al'ada, kamfani ne ya ƙirƙira. Har yanzu ana amfani da wannan magana akan motocin zamani da kuma motocin haja na NASCAR waɗanda ke kiransu da sanduna.

Plymouth

Chrysler ya gabatar da Plymouth a cikin 1928 a matsayin alamar mota mara tsada. 1960s da 1970s sun kasance zamanin zinare ga Plymouth yayin da suka taka rawa sosai a tseren motar tsoka, ja da tseren tsere da tseren motoci tare da samfura kamar GTX, Barracuda, Run Runner, Fury, Duster da Super tsuntsu mai ban dariya. .

Plymouth yayi ƙoƙarin maido da ɗaukakarsa ta farko a ƙarshen 1990s tare da Plymouth Prowler amma ta gaza yayin da motar tana da kamanni amma ba halayen sandar zafi na bege ba wanda ya ƙarfafa ƙirar ta. An dakatar da alamar a hukumance a cikin 2001.

Saturn

Saturn, "kamfanin motoci daban-daban," kamar yadda taken su ya ce, an kafa shi a cikin 1985 ta ƙungiyar tsoffin shugabannin GM. Manufar ita ce ƙirƙirar sabuwar hanyar kera da siyar da motoci, tare da mai da hankali kan ƙananan sedans da coupes. Duk da kasancewarsa reshen GM, kamfanin ya bambanta.

A cikin 1990, an saki motar farko ta Saturn, SL2. Tare da ƙirar su ta gaba da fa'idodin jikin filastik masu tasiri, Saturns na farko sun sami bita mai kyau da yawa kuma suna kama da ingantattun kishiyoyin Honda da Toyota. Duk da haka, GM kullum diluted da iri tare da ci gaban da badges, kuma a 2010 Saturn tafi fatara.

Biyu Gia

Sau da yawa harshen wuta da ke ƙonewa sau biyu yana ƙonewa tsawon lokaci, kuma haka lamarin yake ga Dual-Ghia, tun lokacin da aka kafa kamfanin a shekara ta 1956 amma ya ci gaba har zuwa 1958. Dual-Motors da Carrozzeria Ghia sun haɗu don ƙirƙirar motar motsa jiki na alatu tare da Dodge chassis da injin V8 tare da jikin da Ghia ya yi a Italiya.

Waɗannan motoci ne na masu salo, masu arziki da shahararrun mutane. Frank Sinatra, Desi Arnaz, Dean Martin, Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan da Lyndon Johnson suna da daya. Motoci 117 ne aka kera, 60 daga cikinsu an yi imanin cewa har yanzu suna nan kuma har yanzu suna nuna salon shekarun 60 daga kowane kusurwa.

Kamfanin Checker Motors

Kamfanin Checker Motors an san shi da ƙaƙƙarfan rawaya masu rawaya waɗanda ke mulkin titunan New York. An kafa shi a cikin 1922, kamfanin haɗin gwiwar Commonwealth Motors da Markin Automobile Body. A cikin 1920s, kamfanin kuma a hankali ya sami Checker Taxi.

Shahararriyar taksi mai launin rawaya, jerin Checker A, an fara gabatar da ita a cikin 1959. Salon ya kasance ba a canza ba har sai an daina shi a cikin 1982. An shigar da wasu injuna a lokacin aikin samarwa, tare da sababbin motoci suna karɓar injunan GM V8. Checker ya kuma kera motocin mabukaci irin na tasi da motocin kasuwanci. A shekara ta 2010, kamfanin ya fita daga kasuwanci bayan shekaru na gwagwarmayar samun riba.

Kamfanin American Motors Corporation

An kafa Kamfanin Motocin Amurka (AMC) daga hadewar Kamfanin Nash-Kelvinator da Kamfanin Mota na Hudson a cikin 1954. Rashin iya yin gasa tare da Big Three da matsaloli tare da mai mallakar Faransa na Renault ya jagoranci Chrysler don siyan AMC a 1987. An karbe kamfanin. a Chrysler, amma gadonsa da motoci sun kasance masu dacewa har yau.

AMC ya yi wasu manyan motoci a lokacin su, AMX, Javelin da Rebel sun kasance manyan motocin tsoka, Pacer ya shahara da su. Wayne duniya, Jeep CJ (Wrangler), Cherokee da Grand Cherokee sun zama gumaka a duniyar waje.

buzzer

Hummer wani nau'i ne na manyan motocin dakon kaya na kan titi wanda AM General ya fara siyarwa a 1992. A zahiri, waɗannan manyan motoci nau'ikan farar hula ne na sojan HMMWV ko Humvee. A cikin 1998, GM ya sami alamar kuma ya ƙaddamar da sigar farar hula na Humvee mai suna H1. Tana da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun hanyoyin mota na soja, amma tare da wayewar ciki.

Daga nan Hummer ya fito da samfuran H2, H2T, H3 da H3T. Waɗannan samfuran sun fi dogara akan manyan motocin GM. Lokacin da GM ya shigar da karar fatara a cikin 2009, sun yi fatan siyar da alamar Hummer, amma babu masu siye kuma an dakatar da alamar a cikin 2010.

'Yan fashin teku

Rover ya fara farawa a matsayin mai kera keke a Ingila a cikin 1878. A cikin 1904, kamfanin ya fadada samar da motoci kuma ya ci gaba da aiki har zuwa 2005, lokacin da aka dakatar da alamar. Kafin a sayar da shi ga Leyland Motors a cikin 1967, Rover ya yi suna don kera manyan motoci masu inganci. A cikin 1948 sun gabatar da Land Rover ga duniya.

Mota mai ƙarfi da rugujewar mota wacce da sauri ta zama daidai da ikon kashe hanya. An ƙaddamar da Land Rover Range Rover a cikin 1970 kuma sauran, kamar yadda suke faɗa, tarihi ne. Rover kuma ya sami nasara tare da sedan SD1. An tsara shi azaman nau'in ƙofa huɗu na Ferrari Daytona, ya kuma sami nasara akan tseren tsere a tseren rukunin A.

Kamfanin Motoci na Delorean

Motoci kaɗan da kamfanonin mota suna da tarihi mai ban mamaki da tashin hankali kamar Kamfanin Motar DeLorean. An kafa shi a cikin 1975 ta sanannen injiniya kuma mai zartarwa na kera motoci John DeLorean, mota, kamfani da mutum an kama su a cikin wani labari da ya shafi Hukumar Tsaro da Canjin Amurka, FBI, gwamnatin Burtaniya da yiwuwar fataucin muggan kwayoyi.

Motar, wacce DMC DeLorean ta kera, ta kasance wani juzu'i mai nau'in bakin karfe, kofofi masu gulling, da tsarin tsakiyar injina. Ƙarfin ya fito ne daga rashin isassun PRV V6 tare da ƙarancin fitarwa na 130 dawakai. Kamfanin ya yi fatara a 1982, amma fim din Komawa Gaba, a cikin 1985 an sake dawowa da sha'awar mota da kamfani na musamman.

Mosler

Warren Mosler, masanin tattalin arziki, wanda ya kafa asusun shinge, injiniya kuma mai son siyasa, ya fara kera manyan motocin wasanni a cikin 1985. Sunan kamfanin a lokacin shi ne Consulier Industries kuma motarsu ta farko, Consulier GTP, nauyi ce mai sauƙi, mai saurin matsakaicin injin motsa jiki wanda zai ci gaba da mamaye tseren hanyar IMSA na tsawon shekaru shida.

An canza masana'antar Consulier suna Mosler Automotive a cikin 1993. Kamfanin ya gina ci gaba na GTP mai suna Mosler Intruder, wanda injin Corvette LT1 V8 ke yi. Raptor ya bayyana a cikin 1997, amma ainihin bugawa shine MT900, wanda aka fara a 2001. Abin baƙin cikin shine, Mosler ya daina wanzuwa a cikin 2013, amma har yanzu motocinsu suna samun nasarar tsere a duk faɗin duniya.

Amphicar

Motar ruwa ce ko jirgin ruwa don hanya? Ko ta yaya, Amphicar yana da ikon sarrafa ƙasa da teku. Hans Tripel ne ya tsara shi kuma ƙungiyar Quandt ta gina a Yammacin Jamus, an fara kera motar amphibious ko kwale-kwale na hanya a cikin 1960 kuma ya fara halartan taron jama'a a 1961 New York Auto Show.

A hukumance da ake kira Amphicar Model 770, an san shi “ba mota ce mai kyau ba kuma ba kwale-kwale mai kyau ba, amma tana aiki sosai. Muna so mu yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mota mafi sauri a kan ruwa da kuma jirgin ruwa mafi sauri a hanya." Amphicar, wanda injin Triumph hudu ya kera shi, an kera shi har zuwa shekarar 1965, inda aka sayar da na karshe na motocin a shekarar 1968.

Askari Kars LLC.

Dan kasuwa dan kasar Holland Klaas Zwart ne ya kafa kamfanin kera motocin motsa jiki na Burtaniya Ascari a shekarar 1995. Zwart ya shafe shekaru da yawa yana tseren motocin motsa jiki kuma ya yanke shawarar gwada hannunsa wajen kera su. Mota ta farko, Ecosse, an kera ta ne da taimakon Noble Automotive, amma KZ1 da ta fito a shekarar 2003 ne ya dauki hankula.

An sanya wa suna bayan shahararren direban tseren dan ƙasar Italiya Alberto Ascari, motocin da aka kera sun kasance a tsakiyar injina, da sauri sosai, da surutu da kuma tsarin tsere. Ascari Cars ya kasance yana yin gasa akai-akai a tseren mota na wasanni, tseren juriya har ma da tsere a sa'o'i 24 na Le Mans. Abin takaici, kamfanin ya yi fatara a shekara ta 2010 kuma masana'antar da aka kera motocin tana hannun kungiyar Haas ta Amurka Formula One.

Motocin Motoci

A ƙarshen 1980s, dillalin Ferrari Claudio Zampolli da mai shirya kiɗan Gorgio Moroder sun taru don ƙirƙirar babbar mota ta musamman da fitaccen mai salo Marcello Gandini ya kera. Zane ya yi kama da Lamborghini Diablo, wanda Gandini ya kera, amma yana da injin V6.0 mai nauyin lita 16 na gaske. An kera motoci XNUMX kafin kamfanin ya rufe a Italiya ya koma Los Angeles, California.

Injin mai ban mamaki shine ainihin V16 tare da shingen silinda guda ɗaya wanda yayi amfani da kawunan silinda guda huɗu dangane da Lamborghini Urraco lebur V8. Injin ya samar da karfin dawakai sama da 450 kuma zai iya kaiwa babban gudun V16T har zuwa 204 mph.

Cisitalia

Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, masana'antun Italiya da ƙungiyoyi sun mamaye gasar tseren motoci da Grand Prix. Ya kasance zamanin Alfa Romeo, Maserati, Ferrari da Cisitalia tushen Turin. Cisitalia, wanda Piero Dusio ya kafa a 1946, ya fara kera motocin tsere don tseren Grand Prix. D46 ya tabbatar da nasara kuma a ƙarshe ya haifar da haɗin gwiwa tare da Porsche.

Motocin GT sune abin da aka fi sani da Cisitalia. Sau da yawa ana kiranta "sculptures na birgima", motocin Cisitalia sun haɗu da salon Italiyanci, wasan kwaikwayon da ta'aziyya don fafatawa da wani abu akan hanyoyin yau. Yayin da Ferrari ya sami ƙafarsa, Cisitalia ya riga ya zama gwani. Kamfanin ya yi fatara a shekarar 1963 kuma a yau motocinsa na da matukar bukata.

Pontiac

An gabatar da Pontiac azaman alamar kasuwanci a cikin 1926 ta General Motors. Tun asali an yi niyya don zama mai arha da haɗin gwiwa tare da tambarin Oakland wanda kuma ya lalace. Sunan Pontiac ya fito ne daga sanannen shugaban Ottawa wanda ya yi tsayayya da mamayar Burtaniya na Michigan kuma ya yi yaƙi da katanga a Detroit. Garin Pontiac, Michigan, inda aka kera motocin Pontiac, kuma ana kiransa da sunan sarki.

A cikin 1960s, Pontiac ya watsar da sunansa a matsayin mai kera mota mai arha kuma ya sake ƙirƙira kansa a matsayin kamfanin mota mai dogaro da kai. Ba tare da shakka ba, mafi shaharar mota ita ce GTO. Sauran shahararrun motoci sun hada da Firebird, Trans-Am, Fiero da kuma Aztek..