rushewar firikwensin lokaci

gazawar na'urar firikwensin lokaci, wanda kuma ake kira firikwensin matsayi na camshaft, yana sa injin konewa na ciki ya fara aiki a yanayin samar da man fetur guda biyu. Wato kowane bututun ƙarfe yana yin wuta sau biyu. Saboda haka, karuwar yawan man fetur yana faruwa, yawan gubar iskar gas ya karu, kuma matsaloli tare da ganewar asali suna bayyana. Rushewar firikwensin baya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani, amma idan akwai gazawa, maye gurbin ba a jinkirta ba.

Menene firikwensin lokaci don menene?

don magance yiwuwar malfunctions na zamani firikwensin, yana da daraja a taƙaice zauna a kan tambaya game da abin da shi ne, da kuma a kan manufa na na'urar.

Don haka, ainihin aikin firikwensin lokaci (ko DF a takaice) shine ƙayyade matsayin tsarin rarraba iskar gas a wani lokaci na musamman. Hakanan, wannan ya zama dole don ƙungiyar sarrafa lantarki ta ICE (ECU) ta ba da umarnin allurar mai a wani lokaci. wato, firikwensin lokaci yana ƙayyade matsayin silinda na farko. kunna wuta kuma yana aiki tare. Firikwensin lokaci yana aiki tare da firikwensin matsayi na crankshaft.

Ana amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin lokaci akan injunan konewa na ciki tare da allura mai rarrabawa. Hakanan ana amfani da su akan injunan konewa na ciki, inda ake amfani da tsarin lokaci mai canzawa. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da na'urori daban-daban sau da yawa don camshafts waɗanda ke sarrafa bawul ɗin sha da shaye-shaye.

Ayyukan na'urori masu auna firikwensin zamani sun dogara ne akan aikace-aikacen wani abu na zahiri wanda aka sani da tasirin Hall. Ya ta'allaka ne a cikin gaskiyar cewa a cikin farantin semiconductor, ta hanyar da wutar lantarki ke gudana, lokacin da aka motsa shi a cikin filin maganadisu, akwai yiwuwar bambanci (voltage) ya bayyana. Ana sanya maganadisu na dindindin a cikin mahalli na firikwensin. A aikace, ana aiwatar da wannan a cikin nau'i na nau'i na nau'i na rectangular na kayan aikin semiconductor, zuwa bangarorin hudu wanda aka haɗa lambobin sadarwa - shigarwa biyu da fitarwa guda biyu. Ana amfani da wutar lantarki zuwa na farko, kuma ana cire sigina daga na biyu. Duk wannan yana faruwa ne bisa umarnin da ke fitowa daga sashin sarrafa lantarki a wani lokaci na musamman.

Akwai nau'ikan firikwensin lokaci guda biyu - Ramin da ƙarewa. Suna da nau'i daban-daban, amma suna aiki akan ka'ida ɗaya. Don haka, a saman camshaft ɗin akwai alama (wani suna kuma shine maƙasudin), kuma a cikin aiwatar da jujjuyawar, magnet ɗin da ke cikin ƙirar firikwensin yana yin rikodin wucewar sa. An gina tsarin (mai canzawa na biyu) a cikin mahalli na firikwensin, wanda ke canza siginar da aka karɓa zuwa bayanin "fahimta" don sashin kula da lantarki. Ƙarshen na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna da irin wannan ƙira lokacin da akwai maganadisu na dindindin a ƙarshensu, wanda "gani" madaidaicin ma'aunin kusa da firikwensin. A cikin na'urori masu auna firikwensin ramuka, ana nuna amfani da siffar harafin "P". Kuma madaidaicin ma'auni akan faifan rarraba yana wucewa tsakanin jirage biyu na yanayin yanayin matsayi na slotted.

A cikin ICEs na man fetur, ana daidaita babban faifan diski da na'urar firikwensin lokaci ta yadda za a sami bugun jini daga firikwensin kuma ana watsa shi zuwa kwamfutar a daidai lokacin da silinda ta farko ta wuce tsakiyar matattu. wannan yana tabbatar da aiki tare da samar da man fetur da kuma lokacin samar da tartsatsi don kunna cakuda iska da man fetur. Babu shakka, na'urar firikwensin lokaci yana da tasiri na musamman akan aikin injin konewa na ciki gaba ɗaya.

Alamomin gazawar na'urar firikwensin lokaci

Tare da cikakkiyar gazawa ko bangare na firikwensin lokaci, na'urar sarrafa lantarki ta tilastawa injin konewa na ciki zuwa yanayin allurar mai. Wannan yana nufin cewa lokacin allurar mai ya dogara ne akan karatun firikwensin crankshaft. A sakamakon haka, kowane mai allurar mai yana yin allurar sau biyu sau da yawa. wannan yana tabbatar da cewa an samar da cakuda mai da iska a cikin kowace Silinda. Duk da haka, ba a kafa shi a mafi kyawun lokacin ba, wanda ke haifar da raguwa a cikin ikon injin konewa na ciki, da kuma yawan amfani da man fetur (ko da yake karamin, ko da yake wannan ya dogara da takamaiman samfurin injin konewa na ciki). ).

Alamomin gazawar firikwensin lokaci sune:

• yawan amfani da man fetur yana ƙaruwa;
• yawan gubar iskar gas yana ƙaruwa, za a ji shi a cikin ƙamshin iskar gas, musamman idan an buge abin da ke kara kuzari;
• Injin konewa na ciki yana fara aiki ba tare da tsayawa ba, mafi yawanci a ƙananan gudu (rago);
• sauye-sauye na hanzarin motar yana raguwa, da kuma ikon injin konewa na ciki;
• Ana kunna hasken faɗakarwar Injin Duba a kan dashboard, kuma lokacin bincika kurakurai, lambobin su za a haɗa su da firikwensin lokaci, alal misali, kuskure p0340;
• a lokacin fara injin konewa na ciki a cikin 3 ... 4 seconds, mai farawa yana juya injin konewa na ciki "rago", bayan haka injin yana farawa (wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin dakika na farko naúrar sarrafa lantarki ta yi. ba a karɓi wani bayani daga firikwensin ba, bayan haka yana canzawa ta atomatik zuwa yanayin gaggawa, dangane da bayanai daga firikwensin matsayi na crankshaft).

Baya ga alamomin da ke sama, sau da yawa idan na'urar firikwensin lokaci ta kasa, ana samun matsaloli tare da tsarin tantancewar mota. wato, a lokacin farawa, direban yana tilasta kunna mai kunnawa na ɗan lokaci kaɗan fiye da yadda aka saba (yawanci 6 ... 10 seconds, dangane da ƙirar motar da injin konewa na ciki da aka sanya akan shi). Kuma a wannan lokacin, ganewar kansa na sashin kula da lantarki yana faruwa, wanda ke haifar da samuwar kurakurai masu dacewa da canja wurin injin konewa na ciki zuwa aikin gaggawa.

gazawar firikwensin lokaci akan mota mai LPG

An lura cewa lokacin da injin konewa na ciki ke gudana akan man fetur ko dizal, alamun rashin jin daɗi da aka bayyana a sama ba su da girma sosai, don haka yawancin direbobi suna amfani da motoci masu na'urar firikwensin lokaci na dogon lokaci. Duk da haka, idan motarka tana sanye da na'urori na zamani na hudu da mafi girma gas-balloon kayan aiki (wanda ke amfani da na'urorin lantarki na "smart" na kansa), to, injin konewa na ciki zai yi aiki a lokaci-lokaci, kuma jin daɗin tuki zai ragu sosai.

wato, amfani da man fetur zai karu sosai, cakuda iska da man fetur na iya zama mai raɗaɗi ko, akasin haka, wadatar da shi, ƙarfin da haɓakar injin konewa na ciki zai ragu sosai. Duk wannan ya faru ne saboda rashin daidaituwa a cikin aikin software na na'ura mai sarrafa lantarki na injin konewa na ciki da na'urar sarrafa HBO. Sabili da haka, lokacin amfani da kayan aikin balloon gas, dole ne a canza firikwensin lokaci nan da nan bayan an gano gazawarsa. Yin amfani da mota tare da nakasasshen firikwensin matsayi na camshaft yana da illa a cikin wannan yanayin ba kawai ga injin konewa na ciki ba, har ma da kayan aikin gas da tsarin sarrafawa.

Sanadin gazawar

Babban dalilin gazawar firikwensin lokaci shine lalacewa da tsagewar yanayi, wanda ke faruwa akan lokaci ga kowane bangare. wato, saboda yawan zafin jiki daga injin konewa na ciki da ci gaba da girgiza a cikin mahalli na firikwensin, lambobin sadarwarsa sun lalace, magnet ɗin dindindin na iya lalata, kuma gidan kansa ya lalace.

Wani babban dalili shine matsalolin firikwensin waya. Wato, ana iya karye wayoyi na sigina, saboda haka ba a ba da firikwensin lokaci tare da wutar lantarki ba, ko siginar ba ta fito daga gare ta ta hanyar wayar sigina ba. Hakanan yana yiwuwa a karya madaidaicin injin a kan "guntu" (abin da ake kira "kunne"). Kadan sau da yawa, fiusi na iya kasawa, wanda ke da alhakin, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, don kunna firikwensin lokaci (ga kowane takamaiman mota, zai dogara ne akan cikakken da'irar lantarki na motar).

Yadda ake bincika firikwensin lokaci

Ana duba aikin firikwensin lokaci na ingin konewa na ciki ta amfani da kayan aikin bincike, da kuma amfani da na'urar multimeter mai iya aiki a yanayin auna wutar lantarki na DC. Za mu tattauna wani misali na tabbaci ga lokaci na'urori masu auna sigina mota Vaz-2114. An shigar da samfurin 16 akan samfura tare da 21120370604000-bawul ICE, kuma an shigar da samfurin 8-21110 akan 3706040-bawul ICE.

Da farko, kafin bincike, dole ne a tarwatsa na'urori masu auna firikwensin daga wurin zama. Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar yin dubawa na gani na gidaje na DF, da lambobin sadarwa da toshewar tashar. Idan akwai datti da / ko tarkace akan lambobin sadarwa, kuna buƙatar kawar da shi tare da barasa ko mai.

Don duba firikwensin 8-valve motor 21110-3706040, dole ne a haɗa shi da baturi da multimeter na lantarki bisa ga zanen da aka nuna a cikin adadi.

sa'an nan tabbatarwa algorithm zai kasance kamar haka:

• Saita ƙarfin wutar lantarki zuwa +13,5 ± 0,5 Volts (zaka iya amfani da baturin mota na al'ada don iko).
• A wannan yanayin, ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin wayar siginar da "ƙasa" dole ne ya kasance aƙalla 90% na ƙarfin wutar lantarki (wato, 0,9V). Idan ƙasa ce, kuma ma fiye da daidai ko kusa da sifili, to firikwensin ya yi kuskure.
• Kawo farantin karfe zuwa ƙarshen firikwensin (wanda aka tura shi zuwa wurin ma'anar camshaft).
• Idan firikwensin yana aiki, to, ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin siginar siginar da "ƙasa" bai kamata ya wuce 0,4 volts ba. Idan ƙari, to firikwensin ya yi kuskure.
• Cire farantin karfe daga ƙarshen firikwensin, ƙarfin lantarki akan wayar sigina yakamata ya sake komawa zuwa ainihin 90% na ƙarfin wadatar.

Don duba firikwensin lokaci na injin konewa na ciki 16-bawul 21120370604000, dole ne a haɗa shi da wutar lantarki da multimeter bisa ga zane da aka nuna a adadi na biyu.

Don gwada firikwensin lokaci mai dacewa, kuna buƙatar yanki mai aunawa aƙalla faɗin mm 20, aƙalla tsayin 80 mm da kauri 0,5 mm. Algorithm na tabbatarwa zai yi kama da haka, tare da sauran ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki:

• Saita ƙarfin wutar lantarki akan firikwensin daidai da +13,5±0,5 Volts.
• A wannan yanayin, idan firikwensin yana aiki, to, ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin siginar siginar da "ƙasa" bai kamata ya wuce 0,4 volts ba.
• Sanya sashin karfe da aka riga aka shirya a cikin ramin firikwensin inda aka sanya ma'anar camshaft.
• Idan firikwensin ya yi kyau, to dole ne ƙarfin lantarkin da ke kan wayar siginar ya kasance aƙalla kashi 90 na ƙarfin wutar lantarki.
• Cire farantin daga firikwensin, yayin da ƙarfin lantarki ya kamata ya sake faɗuwa zuwa ƙimar da bai wuce 0,4 volts ba.

A ka'ida, ana iya yin irin waɗannan cak ɗin ba tare da tarwatsa firikwensin daga wurin zama ba. Duk da haka, don duba shi, yana da kyau a cire shi. Sau da yawa, lokacin duba firikwensin, yana da daraja bincika amincin wayoyi, da ingancin lambobin sadarwa. Misali, akwai lokutan da guntu ba ya riƙe lamba sosai, wanda shine dalilin da yasa siginar firikwensin baya zuwa sashin sarrafa lantarki. Hakanan, idan zai yiwu, yana da kyawawa don "fitar da" wayoyi masu tafiya daga firikwensin zuwa kwamfuta da kuma zuwa ga relay (power wire).

Baya ga dubawa tare da multimeter, kuna buƙatar bincika kurakuran firikwensin da suka dace ta amfani da kayan aikin bincike. Idan an gano irin waɗannan kurakurai a karon farko, to, zaku iya ƙoƙarin sake saita su ta amfani da kayan aikin software, ko kuma kawai ta hanyar cire haɗin tashar baturi mara kyau na ɗan daƙiƙa. Idan kuskuren ya sake bayyana, ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike bisa ga algorithms na sama.

Kurakuran firikwensin lokaci na yau da kullun:

• P0340 - babu siginar ƙayyadaddun matsayi na camshaft;
• P0341 - lokacin bawul ɗin bai dace da matsawa / shanyewar bugu na rukunin Silinda-piston ba;
• P0342 - a cikin da'irar lantarki na DPRV, matakin siginar ya yi ƙasa sosai (kafaffen lokacin da aka gajarta zuwa ƙasa);
• P0343 - Matsayin siginar daga mita ya zarce ka'ida (yawanci yana bayyana lokacin da aka karya wayoyi);
• P0339 - Sigina mai tsaka-tsaki yana zuwa daga firikwensin.

don haka, lokacin da aka gano waɗannan kurakurai, yana da kyawawa don aiwatar da ƙarin bincike da wuri-wuri domin injin konewa na ciki ya yi aiki a cikin yanayin aiki mafi kyau.