Peter Thiel ɗan 'yanci ne daga Jamus

A cikin fim din The Social Network, an nuna shi a matsayin kansa, da sunansa. Ya yaba wa fim din da cewa “talakawa ta fuskoki da dama”. Ya kuma yi wahayi zuwa ga halin Peter Gregory akan jerin HBO Silicon Valley. Ya fi son wannan. "Ina ganin halin da ba a sani ba koyaushe yana da kyau fiye da mara kyau," in ji shi.

An haifi Peter Thiel rabin karni da suka wuce a Frankfurt am Main, Jamus ta Yamma. Sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara ɗaya, shi da iyalinsa sun ƙaura daga Jamus zuwa Amurka.

SAURARA: Peter Andreas Thiel

Kwanan wata da wurin haihuwa: Oktoba 11, 1967, Frankfurt am Main, Jamus.

address: 2140 Jefferson ST, San Francisco, CA 94123

Ƙasar: Jamus, Amurka, New Zealand

Sa'a: $2,6 miliyan (2017)

Mutumin da aka tuntuɓa: 1 415 230-5800

Ilimi: San Mateo High School, California, Amurka; Jami'ar Stanford - Sashen Falsafa da Shari'a

Kwarewa: ma'aikacin lauya, ma'aikacin saka hannun jari, wanda ya kafa PayPal (1999), mai saka hannun jari na kamfanin intanet, mai saka hannun jarin kasuwancin kuɗi

Abubuwan sha'awa: dara, lissafi, siyasa

Tun yana yaro, ya buga shahararren wasan Dungeons da Dragons kuma ya burge shi. mai karatu . Mawallafin da ya fi so su ne Isaac Asimov da Robert A. Heinlein. Ya kuma son ayyukan J.R.R. Tolkien. Lokacin da yake girma, ya tuna cewa ya karanta Ubangijin Zobba fiye da sau goma a cikin ƙuruciyarsa. Shida daga cikin kamfanonin da ya kafa daga baya suna da sunan littattafan Tolkien (Palantir Technologies, Valar Ventures, Mithril Capital, Lembas LLC, Rivendell LLC, da Arda Capital).

A makaranta, ya kware a ciki A matsayinsa na dalibi a makarantar sakandare ta San Mateo, ya lashe matsayi na farko a gasar lissafin jihar California. Ya kasance ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwanƙwasa - ya kasance a matsayi na bakwai a cikin kima na ƙasa da 13 na Tarayyar Chess ta Amurka. Bayan kammala makarantar sakandare, ya fara nazarin falsafa a Jami'ar Stanford, lokacin da ya kafa "Stanford Review", jarida mai sukar daidaiton siyasa. Daga baya ya ziyarci makarantar lauya Stanford. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan kammala karatunsa a 1992, ya buga The Myth of Diversity (wanda aka rubuta tare da David Sacks), wanda ke da mahimmanci ga rashin haƙƙin siyasa a jami'a.

Yayin da yake jami'a, Thiel ya sadu da René Girard, wanda ka'idodinsa suka yi tasiri sosai akan ra'ayoyinsa na baya. Girard ya yi imanin, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, cewa gasar tana jinkirta ci gaba saboda ta zama ƙarshen kanta - masu fafatawa sun fi manta da dalilin da ya sa suke fafatawa kuma su zama masu sha'awar gasar kanta. Thiel ya yi amfani da wannan ka'idar ga rayuwarsa ta sirri da kasuwancinsa.

Paypal Mafia

Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya nemi aiki tare da Kotun Koli ta Amurka. Har ma ya yi magana game da wannan tare da shahararrun alkalai - Antonin Scalia da Anthony Kennedy. Duk da haka, ba a dauke shi aiki ba. Ya rike wannan mukamin na dan lokaci kadan. magatakardar kotuamma nan da nan ya koma New York don yin aiki lauyan tsaro don Sullivan da Cromwell. Bayan wata bakwai da kwana uku, ya bar ofis, saboda rashin kima da ya wuce gona da iri a aikinsa. Sannan a shekarar 1993 ya fara aiki dillali na asali don zaɓuɓɓukan kuɗi a cikin Credit Suisse. Lokacin da ya sake jin cewa aikinsa ba shi da mahimmanci, ya koma California a 1996.

Peter Andreas Thiel yana yaro

A Yammacin Tekun Yamma, Thiel ya shaida haɓakar Intanet da na'ura mai kwakwalwa, da kuma haɓakawa a cikin ɓangaren dot-com. Tare da tallafin kuɗi na abokai da dangi, ya sami damar tara dala miliyan daya halitta Kudin hannun jari Thiel Capital Management kuma fara aiki a matsayin mai saka jari. A farkon, na gyara ... asarar 100 dubu. daloli - bayan shigar da aikin kalandar Intanet wanda bai yi nasara ba na abokinsa Luke Nosek. A cikin 1998, Thiela ya shiga harkar kuɗi tare da Confinity, wanda burinsa shine sarrafa biya .

Bayan 'yan watanni, Peter ya tabbata cewa akwai sarari a kasuwa don software wanda zai magance matsalar biyan kuɗi. Ya so ya ƙirƙiri wani nau'i na walat ɗin dijital a cikin bege cewa abokan cinikin intanet za su yaba mafi dacewa da mabukaci da tsaro ta hanyar ɓoye bayanan akan na'urorin dijital. A cikin 1999, Confinity ya ƙaddamar da sabis PayPal.

PayPal ya tashi bayan taron manema labarai na nasara. Ba da daɗewa ba, wakilai daga Nokia da Deutsche Bank sun aika da Thiel dala miliyan 3 don haɓaka kamfanin ta hanyar amfani da PayPal ta na'urorin PalmPilot. Ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa a cikin 2000 tare da kamfanin kuɗi na Elon Musk's X.com na kudi da kuma dillalan wayar hannu Pixo, PayPal ya sami damar faɗaɗa kasuwancinsa zuwa kasuwar mara waya, ba da damar masu amfani don canja wurin kuɗi ta amfani da rajista da imel kyauta maimakon musayar bayanan asusun banki. Har zuwa 2001, ya shiga cikin PayPal fiye da 6,5 miliyan abokan ciniki kuma ya faɗaɗa hidimomin sa ga masu cin kasuwa masu zaman kansu da kasuwanci a ƙasashe ashirin da shida.

Kamfanin ya fito fili a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu, 2002, kuma an sayar da shi ga eBay a watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar akan dala biliyan 1,5. Wadannan yarjejeniyoyin sun sanya Thiel ya zama miliyoniya. Nan da nan ya saka kudinsa a sabbin kamfanoni, wanda mafi shaharar su ya zama Facebook.

A 2004, mu gwarzo dauki bangare a cikin halittar data analysis kamfanin. Palantir Technologies. Fasahar Palantir, wanda ke ba da izinin bincikar bayanai daidai kuma yana hana sa ido a waje, sha'awar CRUwanda tallafin kamfaniwanda ya kasance batun cece-kuce. Ba a san ko har zuwa lokacin da manhajar Palantir ta ba da damar sanya ido kan jami’an tsaro a Intanet, shi ya sa aka kai wa kamfanin hari, musamman bayan fallasa Edward Snowden. Sai dai ya musanta zargin samar da kayan aikin leken asiri ga ‘yan kasar Amurka, yana mai jaddada hakan ra'ayoyin 'yanci da kuma lamiri na Thiel. An ba da tabbacin cewa an aiwatar da tsarin tsaro a cikin kayayyakin kamfanin, wanda ke sa da wuya a yi amfani da sabis ɗin.

 - Peter ya jaddada a cikin 2013 a wata hira da Forbes. - 

Kamfanin ya ci gaba da girma tun lokacin da aka kafa shi kuma an kiyasta darajarsa a kan dala biliyan 2015 a 20, tare da Thiel kuma har yanzu shine mafi girma a cikin kamfanin.

A lokacin, ya yi nasara kuma bai yi nasara ba a kasuwar hada-hadar kudi ta duniya. Ya kafa Clarium Capital Managementsaka hannun jari a kayan aikin kuɗi, agogo, ƙimar riba, kayayyaki da hannun jari. A cikin 2003, Clarium ya ba da rahoton komawa kan daidaito na 65,6% kamar yadda Thiel ya yi hasashen raunin dalar Amurka daidai. A cikin 2005, Clarium ya buga wani 57,1% riba, kamar yadda Thiel ya annabta - wannan lokacin don dala. Koyaya, a cikin 2006 asarar ta kasance 7,8%. Sai me? Kaddarorin da Clarium ke sarrafa, bayan samun yawan amfanin ƙasa da kashi 40,3% a shekara ta 2007, sun ƙaru zuwa fiye da dala biliyan 7 a shekarar 2008, amma sun ragu sosai saboda durkushewar kasuwannin kuɗi a farkon 2009. don kawai dala miliyan 2011, fiye da rabin abin da kuɗin Thiel ne.

Baya ga Facebook, Thiel yana da hannu a cikin kudi don haɓaka wasu gidajen yanar gizo da yawa. Wasu daga cikinsu yanzu sun shahara sosai, wasu kuma an daɗe da mantawa da su. Jerin jarinsa ya haɗa da: LinkedIn, Slide, Booktrack, Friendster, Yammer, Rapleaf, Yelp Inc, Geni.com, Practice Fusion, Vator, Metamed, Powerset, IronPort, Asana, Votizen, Caplinked, Big Think, Quora, Stripe, Ripple, Lyft, Airnb da sauransu.

Yawancin waɗannan farawa aikin tsoffin abokan aikinsa ne a PayPal. Wasu ma suna kiran Peter Thiel "Don of the PayPal Mafia". Kasancewa shugaban "PayPal mafia", wanda ya hada da manyan 'yan wasa kamar Space X's Elon Musk ko LinkedIn shugaba Reid Hoffman, yana ba da tasiri mai yawa da ɗabi'a a cikin Silicon Valley. Thiel yana daya daga cikin manyan 'yan kasuwa da mala'iku na kasuwanci a duniya. Hanyoyin gudanarwa da ya saba wa juna sun fi gigita wasu, suna faranta wa wasu rai, amma na iya kara ba da mamaki ... Zabin siyasa na Thiel.

Trump nasara ce

Peter yana daya daga cikin manyan kuma fitattun masu goyon bayan Donald Trump a cikin kwarin, wanda - don wannan yanayi - wani lamari ne da ba a saba gani ba kuma keɓe. Kafin zaben shugaban kasa na 2016, a babban taron zaɓe na Republican, ya yi magana jim kaɗan a gaban Trump da kansa, wanda ya kamata ya amince da takarar jam'iyyarsa a zaben. Thiel ya bayyana shakkun dan takarar game da kasancewar sojojin Amurka a yankin gabas ta tsakiya tare da yaba kwarewarsa ta fuskar tattalin arziki.

Sanin gaskiyar Thiel da Amurka, ba ku yarda cewa goyon bayan Thiel ga takarar Trump ba shi da sha'awa. Kamfanoni da dama da ya ke da hannun jari a cikinsu za su iya cin gajiyar sabon shugaban kasa, tare da la’akari da wasu abubuwa, ikirari da cewa an kiyaye tsarin siyasa da tattalin arzikin Amurka a cikin tsari daban-daban. Alal misali, SpaceX, wanda babban abokin ciniki shi ne NASA (kuma tallafin Thiel Founders Fund tun 2008), ya dade yana yaki da Boeing da masana'antar jiragen sama. Yawancin sauran ayyukan Thiel, ciki har da Oscar na kiwon lafiya da kuma kamfanin ilimi AltSchool, suma suna aiki a yankunan da za su amfana sosai daga sanarwar dakatar da Shugaba Trump.

Dan kasuwan ya yi kakkausar suka ga tsarin siyasar Amurka, yana mai imani cewa 'yanci da dimokuradiyya ba su dace da juna ba. Ya ba da kuɗin bincike don tabbatar da cewa mutuwa na iya canzawa kuma ana iya bi da ita kamar cuta. Kwanan nan Sam ya sanar da cewa ba zai mutu ba. Hakanan yana ba da tallafin ra'ayin wani yanki na gwaji a wajen Amurka, ba tare da ikon gwamnati ba. Gidauniyar Thiel ta sadaukar da kanta don tallafawa matasa masu son fara sana'arsu, maimakon neman ilimi mai zurfi. Wannan yunƙuri shine bayyana ra'ayin Thiel na musamman game da ilimin zamani.

Mutane da yawa suna la'akari da shi eccentric da mutum mai hakki na musamman (karanta: mahaukaci). Duk da haka, yana da kyau a lura cewa goyon bayan Trump a cikin halin da ake ciki da wuya a ba shi shugabancin ya zama wani jari mai daraja daga Thiel. Da yake yana da hannu sosai wajen tallafawa wannan ɗan takara, ya sake buga jackpot.