Jirgin sama na sirri

Mun ga jakunan jet da motoci masu tashi a cikin ban dariya da fina-finai. Masu zanen "jirgin sama" suna ƙoƙarin cim ma tunaninmu mai saurin tafiya. Tasirin sun gauraye.

Hummingbuzz daga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Georgia ya shiga gasar GoFly

Matakin farko na gasar Boeing na jirgin jigilar na GoFly ya ƙare a watan Yuni na wannan shekara. Kimanin mutane 3 ne suka halarci gasar. magina daga kasashe 95 na duniya. Akwai kyautar tsabar kuɗi dala miliyan XNUMX da aka shirya don kamawa, da kuma abokan hulɗa masu mahimmanci tare da injiniyoyi, masana kimiyya, da sauran su a cikin masana'antar sararin samaniya waɗanda za su iya taimakawa ƙungiyoyi su gina samfurin aiki.

Manyan XNUMX da suka yi nasara a wannan zagaye na farko sun hada da kungiyoyi daga Amurka, Netherlands, Birtaniya, Japan da Latvia, wadanda ayyukansu suka yi kama da zanen injinan tashi da saukar jiragen sama na Leonardo da Vinci, ko kuma ayyukan masana kimiyya.

A mataki na farko, an buƙaci ƙungiyoyi kawai don ganin zane da sharuɗɗan tunani. Waɗannan motocin ba su wanzu har yanzu. Kowanne daga cikin manyan kungiyoyi goma ya sami 20. daloli don haɓakawa da gina samfuri mai yiwuwa. Kashi na biyu zai ƙare a watan Maris na 2019. Zuwa wannan kwanan wata, ƙungiyoyin za su samar da samfurin aiki kuma su nuna jirgin gwaji. Don cin nasarar gasar ƙarshe a faɗuwar 2019, motar dole ne ta tashi tsaye kuma ta ɗauki fasinja tazarar mil 20 (kilomita 32). Wadanda suka yi nasara za su sami kyautar dala miliyan 1,6.

Ba a buƙatar lasisin matukin jirgi

Keɓaɓɓen Jirgin Sama (PAV) kalma ce ta farko da NASA ta fara amfani da shi a cikin 2003 a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban aiki don ƙirƙirar nau'ikan jiragen sama daban-daban waɗanda aka sani da Haɗin Kai, Dabarun da Gwajin Fasaha (VISTA). A halin yanzu, akwai mahalarta da yawa na wannan aji na tsarin duniya, daga drones na fasinja mai zuwa ga abin da ake kira. "Motoci masu tashi sama" wadanda bayan sauka da nadawa, sai su bi ta hanyoyi, zuwa kananan filayen tashi da saukar jiragen sama wadanda mutum ke tsaye a cikin jirgi, kamar jirgin ruwa.

An riga an gwada wasu ƙira a cikin yanayi na ainihi. Wannan shi ne batun jirgin Ehang 184 maras matuki, wanda kamfanin kasar Sin Ehang ya kera, wanda aka kirkira a shekarar 2014, kuma ya dade yana gwada tashi a Dubai a matsayin taksi. Ehang 184 na iya ɗaukar fasinjoji da halayensu har zuwa kilogiram 100.

Hakika, Elon Musk, wanda ya gaya wa kafofin watsa labarai game da m yiwuwa na lantarki tsaye takeoff da saukowa (VTOL) jirgin sama, ya zama sha'awar wannan batu, ba shakka, kamar kusan kowane gaye fasaha sabon abu. Uber ta sanar da cewa za ta kara motocin haya na VTOL na kilomita 270 a cikin sa'o'i a cikin hadayar ta. Larry Page, shugaban Alfabet, kamfanin iyaye na Google, yana shiga cikin farawar Zee.Aero da Kitty Hawk, waɗanda ke aiki akan ƙananan jiragen sama masu amfani da wutar lantarki.

Shiga gasar GoFly, Ra'ayin Harmony daga Jami'ar Texas A&M

Shafin kwanan nan ya kaddamar da mota mai suna Flyer, wanda kamfanin Kitty Hawk da aka ambata ya gina. Samfurin motar da ke tashi da wuri na kamfanin ya yi kama sosai. A cikin watan Yuni 2018, Kitty Hawk ya saka bidiyo a tasharsa ta YouTube yana nuna Flyer, ƙirar da ta fi ƙanƙanta, haske kuma mai daɗi.

Sabuwar ƙirar yakamata ta kasance da farko abin hawa na nishaɗi wanda baya buƙatar manyan ƙwarewar tuƙi daga direba. Kitty Hawk ta bayar da rahoton cewa, na’urar tana dauke da na’urar sauya sheka da ke karawa da kuma rage tsayin daka, da kuma na’urar joystick don sarrafa alkiblar tashi. Kwamfutar tafiya tana ba da ƙananan gyare-gyare don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali. Motocin lantarki guda goma ne ke tuka shi. Maimakon na'urar sauka ta al'ada, Flyer yana da manya-manyan iyo, saboda an kera na'urar da farko don yawo a kan ruwa. Don dalilai na aminci, matsakaicin gudun motar ya iyakance zuwa 30 km / h, kuma tsayin jirgin ya iyakance zuwa mita uku. A babban gudun, zai iya tashi na tsawon mintuna 12 zuwa 20 kafin baturi ya buƙaci caji.

A cikin Amurka, an rarraba Flyer azaman jirgin sama mai haske, wanda ke nufin baya buƙatar lasisi na musamman don aiki. Har yanzu Kitty Hawk ba ta sanar da farashin dillalan Flyer ba, kawai tana ba da hanyar haɗi akan gidan yanar gizon ta don yin odar kwafi.

Kusan lokaci guda tare da Flyer, wani sabon abu ya bayyana akan kasuwar jirgin sama. Wannan shi ne BlackFly (5), jirgin sama VTOL na lantarki daga Kamfanin Bude na Kanada. Tabbas, wannan ƙirar, sau da yawa idan aka kwatanta da UFOs, ya bambanta da yawancin motoci masu tashi da jirage masu saukar ungulu masu cin gashin kansu da aka gabatar zuwa yanzu.

Opener ya ba da tabbacin cewa ƙirarsa ta riga ta yi jiragen gwaji sama da kilomita dubu goma. Yana ba da saukowa ta atomatik da ayyukan sake shigar da su kama da drones. Dole ne fasinja ɗaya ya sarrafa tsarin kuma ba ya buƙatar, aƙalla a Amurka, lasisin matukin jirgi. Yana da kewayon kilomita 40 da babban gudun 100 km/h a cikin Amurka. Flying BlackFly yana buƙatar kyakkyawan bushewar yanayi, yanayin sanyi da ƙarancin iska. Rarraba ta a matsayin abin hawa mai haske kuma yana nufin ba za ta iya tashi da daddare ko sama da yankunan biranen Amurka ba.

Dennis Muilenburg, Shugaba na Boeing, ya ce "Muna fatan za a fara jigilar taksi na farko a shekara mai zuwa." "Ina tunanin jirage mai cin gashin kansa wanda zai iya daukar mutane biyu a cikin manyan birane. A yau muna aiki a kan wani samfuri." Ya tuna cewa kamfanin Aurora Flight Sciences, wanda tare da hadin gwiwar Uber, suka kirkiro irin wannan aikin, ya shiga cikin aikin.

ERA Aviabike gina ƙungiyar Latvia Aeoroxo LV suna shiga gasar GoFly.

Kamar yadda kake gani, ayyukan sufurin jiragen sama na sirri sun haɗa da manya da ƙanana, sananne da ba a sani ba. Don haka watakila ba fantasy bane kamar yadda ake gani idan muka kalli ƙirar da aka ƙaddamar zuwa gasar Boeiga.

Kamfanoni mafi mahimmanci a halin yanzu suna aiki akan motoci masu tashi, jirage marasa matuƙa na taksi da kuma irin wannan jirgin sama na sirri (daga New York Times): Terrafugia, Kitty Hawk, Airbus Group, Moller International, Xplorair, PAL-V, Joby Aviation, EHang, Wolokopter, Uber, Haynes Aero, Samson Motorworks, AeroMobil, Parajet, Lilium.

Nunawar Jirgin Kitty Hawk: