Tunani na mai wasan dara

Mu yawanci muna cewa mutum yana da ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa lokacin da ya mayar da martani a hankali ga abubuwa daban-daban. Sabanin sanannen imani, ƴan wasan chess suna da kyakkyawan ra'ayi. An tabbatar da hakan ne ta hanyar bincike da masana ilimin halayyar dan adam daga Jami'ar Michigan suka yi, wanda ya nuna cewa 'yan wasa da yawa na iya tantance halin da ake ciki a cikin kiftawar ido. Chess ya zama wasa na biyu dangane da saurin martanin 'yan wasa (wasan tebur ne kawai ke gabansu). Ƙwararrun ƙwararrun 'yan wasan da ke da wasanni da yawa a ƙarƙashin bel ɗin su na iya yin wasa da sauri ta yin amfani da ƙayyadaddun halaye da ingantattun alamu. Shahararrun 'yan wasan dara, musamman ma matasa, shine blitz - waɗannan wasannin blitz ne, inda duka abokan hamayya sukan sami mintuna 5 kawai don yin tunani game da duka wasan. Kuna iya wasa har ma da sauri - kowane ɗan wasa yana da, alal misali, minti 1 kacal don duka wasan. A cikin irin wannan wasan, wanda ake kira harsashi, ɗan wasa mai sauri zai iya yin motsi fiye da 60 a cikin daƙiƙa XNUMX! Saboda haka, tatsuniya cewa 'yan wasan dara dole ne su kasance a hankali kuma suyi dogon tunani ba gaskiya bane.

A cewar kalmar "chess nan take»An bayyana wasan dara wanda kowane dan wasa ba shi da abin da ya wuce 10 minti ga daukacin jam'iyyar. A cikin al'ummar chess, sanannen kalmar wasa mai sauri shine . Sunan ya fito daga kalmar Jamusanci don walƙiya. Abokan hamayya suna da ɗan ƙaramin jimlar lokacin tunani a wurinsu ya bazu a kan gabaɗayan wasan - yawanci mintuna 5 ko 3 tare da ƙarin daƙiƙa 2 bayan kowane motsi. 'Yan wasan ba sa rubuta tsarin wasan duel (a cikin wasannin gasa na darasi na gargajiya, ana buƙatar kowane ɗan wasa ya rubuta wasan akan nau'ikan musamman).

Mun ci nasara a wasan chess nan take idan:

1. za mu yi aure;
2. abokin hamayyar zai wuce lokacin da aka kayyade, kuma wannan gaskiyar za a ba da rahoto ga alkalin wasa (idan muna da sarki ɗaya kawai ko kuma ba mu da isasshen kayan da za mu iya bincika abokin hamayyar, wasan ya ƙare a kunnen doki);
3. abokin adawar zai yi kuskuren motsi kuma ya sake saita agogo, kuma za mu tallata wannan gaskiyar.

Kar a manta da tsayar da agogo bayan wucewar lokacin da aka kayyade ko haramtaccen yunkuri na abokin hamayya kuma sanar da alkalin wasa game da shi. Ta yin motsinmu da danna agogo, mun rasa 'yancin yin gunaguni.

Gasar dara na nan take na da ban sha'awa, amma saboda ɗan gajeren lokacin tunani da saurin yin motsi, suna iya haifar da cece-kuce tsakanin 'yan wasa. Al'adar sirri kuma tana da mahimmanci a nan. saurin amsawa ta alkalin wasa da su kansu abokan hamayya.

Kwarewa idan ana maganar dabarun irin wannan dara 'yan wasa za su iya motsa guda da sauri zuwa wuri mai aminci ba tare da cikakken nazarin halin da ake ciki ba, ta yadda makiya, saboda rashin lokaci, ba za su iya amfani da damar da suka fito ba. ’Yan wasa suna ƙoƙari su ba abokin hamayyar su mamaki tare da buɗewa, wanda ba a cika yin shi a wasannin gargajiya ba, ko kuma tare da sadaukarwar da ba zato ba tsammani (gambit) wanda ke sa su ƙara tunani.

A cikin wasanni masu sauri, yawanci suna wasa har zuwa ƙarshe, suna ƙidaya akan kuskuren motsi na abokin gaba ko ƙetare iyakokin lokaci. A cikin wasan ƙarshe, da daƙiƙa guda kawai suka rage a agogo, ɗan wasa mafi muni yana ƙoƙari ya guje wa abokin zama, yana fatan samun damar yin nasara cikin lokaci, saboda wasa mai ban tsoro yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci fiye da kare sarki daga abokin zama.

Daya daga cikin nau'ikan dara na nan take shine abin da ake kira wanda kowane ɗan takara ke da shi daga 1 zuwa 3 minti ga daukacin jam'iyyar. Kalmar ta fito daga kalmar Ingilishi "projectile". Yawancin lokaci, kowane ɗan wasa yana da mintuna 2 da sakan 1 bayan kowane motsi - ko minti 1 da sakan 2. Don wasan ƙwanƙwasa mai saurin gaske wanda kowane ɗan wasa yana da minti 1 kawai don duka wasan, ana kuma amfani da kalmar (walƙiya).

Armageddon

A cikin wasannin dara da gasa, kamar wasan tennis ko wasan kwallon raga, idan abokan adawar suna kusa, kuna buƙatar ko ta yaya za ku zaɓi wanda ya yi nasara. Wannan shi ne abin da ake amfani da shi (wato karya kunnen doki), yawanci don buga jerin wasanni bisa ga ka'ida. sauri darasannan kuma nan take.

Idan, duk da haka, har yanzu ba zai yiwu a zaɓi mafi kyawun su biyu ba, sakamakon ƙarshe na gasar an yanke shawarar wasan na ƙarshe, wanda ake kira "Armageddon". Fari yana samun minti 5, baƙar fata kuma yana samun mintuna 4. Lokacin da wannan wasan kuma ya ƙare cikin kunnen doki, mai kunna baki ne ya yi nasara.

Armageddon a Ibrananci shi ne Har Megiddo, wanda ke nufin "dutsen Magiddo". Wannan shine wurin sanarwar a cikin Apocalypse na St. Yohanna, yaƙi na ƙarshe tsakanin rundunonin nagarta da mugunta, inda gungun Shaiɗan za su taru a yaƙi mai zafi da rundunar mala’iku da Kristi yake ja-gora. A zahiri, Armageddon ya zama ma’ana marar kuskure ga bala’in da zai halaka dukan ’yan Adam.

Duniya Blitz Champions

Zakarun blitz na duniya na yanzu ɗan Rasha ne (1) tsakanin maza da ɗan Ukrainian. Ana Muzychuk (2) a cikin mata. Muzychuk ɗan wasan chess ɗan ƙasar Yukren haifaffen Lviv ne wanda ya wakilci Slovenia a 2004-2014 - babban malami tun 2004 kuma babban taken maza tun 2012.

1. Sergey Karjakin - zakaran blitz na duniya (hoto: Maria Emelyanova)

2. Anna Muzychuk - Zakaran Duniya Blitz (hoto: Ukr. Wikipedia)

Gasar cin kofin duniya na farko da ba a hukumance ba a cikin chess nan take An buga shi a ranar 8 ga Afrilu, 1970 a Herceg Novi (birni mai tashar jiragen ruwa a Montenegro, kusa da kan iyaka da Croatia). Ya kasance daidai bayan sanannen wasa tsakanin tawagar kasar USSR da dukan duniya a Belgrade. A Herceg Novi, Bobby Fischer ya yi nasara da gagarumin fa'ida, inda ya samu maki 19 daga cikin 22 mai yuwuwa, kuma a gaban Mikhail Tal, na biyu a gasar, da maki 4,5. An buga gasar cin kofin duniya ta Blitz na farko a Kanada a cikin 1988, kuma na gaba an buga su ne kawai bayan hutu na shekaru goma sha takwas a Isra'ila.

A cikin 1992, Ƙungiyar Chess ta Duniya FIDE ta shirya Gasar Mata ta Duniya da sauri da Blitz in Budapest. Zsuzsa Polgar ne ya lashe gasar biyu (wato Susan Polgar - bayan canza zama dan kasa daga Hungarian zuwa Amurka a 2002). Masu karatu sun yi sha'awar labarin ƴan'uwan 'yan'uwan Polgar Hungarian uku masu haske.

Yana da kyau a tuna cewa alkalan wasan chess na Poland Andrzej Filipowicz (3) ne ya yanke hukunci da dama ga gasar cin kofin duniya.

3. Alkalin chess dan kasar Poland Andrzej Filipowicz yana aiki (hoto: Hukumar Kula da Chess ta Duniya - FIDE)

An gudanar da gasar cin kofin duniya ta maza da mata ta Blitz na karshe a Doha, babban birnin Qatar, a ranakun 29 da 30 ga Disamba 2016. 

A cikin gasar maza, wanda 'yan wasa 107 suka buga a nesa na 21, daga ( zakaran duniya a cikin chess na gargajiya) da Sergey Karyakin (mataimakin zakaran duniya a cikin darasi na gargajiya). Kafin zagaye na karshe, Carlsen ya sha gaban Karjakin da taki daya. A zagaye na karshe, Carlsen ya kawo Black ne kawai a kan Peter Leko, yayin da Karjakin ya doke Baadur Jobav na White.

A gasar mata da ya samu halartar 'yan wasan dara 34, babbar shugabar kasar Ukraine Anna Muzychuk ce ta samu nasara, wadda ta samu maki 13 a wasanni goma sha bakwai. Na biyu ita ce Valentina Gunina, na uku kuma Ekaterina Lachno - duka maki 12,5 kowanne.

Gasar Blitz ta Poland

Ana gudanar da wasannin Blitz a kowace shekara daga 1966 (sannan gasar maza ta farko a Łódź) da 1972 (gasar mata a Lublince). Mafi yawan gasar zakarun kasa a asusun su: Wlodzimierz Schmidt - 16, kuma a cikin mata, grandmaster Hanna Ehrenska-Barlo - 11 da Monika Socko (Bobrovska) - 9.

Baya ga gasa, ana kuma buga gasar zakarun kungiya a gasar guda daya.

Gasar Blitz ta Poland ta ƙarshe da aka yi a Lublin ranar 11-12 ga Yuni, 2016. Monika Socko ce ta lashe gasar ta mata, inda ta wuce Claudia Coulomb da Alexandra Lach (4). A cikin maza, wanda ya yi nasara shi ne Lukasz Ciborowski, wanda ke gaban Zbigniew Pakleza da Bartosz Socko.

4. Wadanda suka lashe Gasar Blitz ta Poland na 2016 (hoto: PZSzach)

An buga zagaye goma sha biyar a gasar mata da ta maza a gudun minti 3 a kowane wasa da dakika 2 a kowane motsi. Hukumar Chess ta Poland ce ta shirya gasar wasannin kasa ta gaba a ranar 12-13 ga Agusta, 2017 a Piotrkow Trybunalski.

Gasar Rapid da Blitz ta Turai ta dawo Poland

A ranar 14-18 ga Disamba, 2017, Spodek Arena a Katowice za ta karbi bakuncin Gasar Cin Kofin Turai da Speed ​​​​Chess. Ƙungiyar Chess ta Poland, KSz Polonia Warszawa da Janar K. Sosnkowski a Warsaw sune farkon wannan taron na kasa da kasa. A matsayin wani ɓangare na tunawa da Stanisław Havlikowski, tun 2005 a Warsaw ana gudanar da gasar zakarun chess mai sauri a kowace shekara, kuma a cikin 2010 an haɗa su da gasar a cikin gasar. chess nan take. A cikin 2014, KSz Polonia Wrocław ya shirya gasar a Wroclaw. Bayan shekaru biyu na rashi daga kasarmu, Turai Speed ​​​​da Chess Championship yana dawowa Poland.

A cikin 2013, 'yan wasa 437 (ciki har da mata 76) sun shiga cikin blitz, wanda 'yan wasa 39 ke da taken grandmaster (5). A gasar da aka yi a fadar al'adu da kimiya, 'yan wasan sun buga fala-fala goma sha daya, wanda ya kunshi wasanni biyu. Wanda ya yi nasara shine Anton Korobov daga Ukraine, wanda ya samu maki 18,5 cikin 22 da ake iya samu. A matsayi na biyu Vladimir Tkachev mai wakiltar Faransa ne ya samu maki 17 sannan zakaran wasan dara na gargajiya na Poland Bartosz Szczko ya samu matsayi na uku da maki 17. Mafi kyawun abokin hamayyar ita ce matar mai lambar tagulla, babban malamin kuma zakaran Poland Monika Socko (maki 14).

5. A jajibirin fara gasar cin kofin nahiyar Turai ta Blitz a Warsaw, 2013 (hoton masu shirya gasar)

'Yan wasa 747 ne suka halarci gasar cikin sauri. Mahalarta mafi ƙanƙanta ita ce Marcel Maciek ɗan shekaru biyar, kuma mafi girma shi ne Bronislav Yefimov mai shekaru 76. Gasar ta samu halartar wakilan kasashe 29 da suka hada da manyan malamai 42 da manyan malamai 5. Ba zato ba tsammani, mai shekaru XNUMX mai shekaru daga Hungary Robert Rapport ya yi nasara, yana tabbatar da suna daya daga cikin manyan basirar chess a duniya.

Chess cikin sauri ya haɗa da wasannin da ake ba kowane ɗan wasa fiye da mintuna 10, amma ƙasa da mintuna 60 a ƙarshen duk motsi, ko kuma inda aka ware ƙayyadadden lokaci kafin fara wasan, a ninka da 60, la'akari da na biyu. . kari ga kowane juyi ya faɗi cikin waɗannan iyakoki.

Gasar Poland mara hukuma ta farko a cikin chess super flush

A ranar 29 ga Maris, 2016, an buga gasar Super Flash Championship () a Jami'ar Tattalin Arziki da ke Poznan. Takin wasan shine minti 1 kowane ɗan wasa kowane wasa, da ƙarin daƙiƙa 1 kowane motsi. Dokokin gasar sun yi nuni da cewa idan dan wasa ya buga guntun karfe a lokacin da yake juyowa, ya kuma jujjuya ledar agogon (ya bar guntun a kan allo), sai a ba shi kai tsaye.

Grandmaster Jacek Tomczak (6) ya zama mai nasara, a gaban zakaran Piotr Brodovsky da babban malamin Bartosz Socko. Mafi kyawun mace ita ce zakaran ilimi a duniya - grandmaster Claudia Coulomb.

6. Jacek Tomczak - zakaran da ba na hukuma ba na Poland a cikin chess mai sauri - da Claudia Kulon (hoto: PZSzach)

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