Siffofin tsarin turbocharging na TwinTurbo

Babban matsala lokacin amfani da turbocharger shine rashin aiki na tsarin ko abin da ake kira "turbo lag" (tsakanin lokaci tsakanin haɓakar saurin injin da haɓakar ƙarfin gaske). Don kawar da shi, an ƙirƙiri wani makirci ta amfani da turbochargers guda biyu, wanda ake kira TwinTurbo. Wannan fasaha kuma wasu masana'antun sun san shi da BiTurbo, amma bambance-bambancen ƙira suna cikin sunan kasuwanci kawai.

Features na Twin Turbo

Akwai tsarin kwampreso biyu don injunan dizal da man fetur. Duk da haka, na karshen yana buƙatar yin amfani da man fetur mafi girma tare da babban lambar octane, wanda ya rage yiwuwar fashewa (wani mummunan abu wanda ke faruwa a cikin silinda na injin, yana lalata ƙungiyar Silinda-piston).

Baya ga aikinsa na farko na rage lokacin turbo, tsarin Twin Turbo yana ba da damar samun ƙarin ƙarfi daga injin abin hawa, yana rage yawan mai da kuma kula da matsi mafi girma a kan kewayon juyawa. Ana samun wannan ta amfani da tsarin haɗin kwampreso daban-daban.

Turbocharging iri tare da turbochargers guda biyu

Dangane da yadda ake haɗa nau'ikan turbochargers, akwai shimfidu na asali guda uku na tsarin TwinTurbo:

• layi daya;
• daidaito;
• tako.

Haɗa injin turbin a layi daya

Yana ba da haɗin haɗin turbochargers iri ɗaya guda biyu suna aiki a layi daya (a lokaci guda). Ma'anar ƙirar ita ce ƙananan turbines guda biyu suna da ƙarancin rashin aiki fiye da babba.

Kafin shigar da silinda, iskar da duka turbochargers ke fitarwa ta shiga cikin nau'ikan abubuwan da ake amfani da su, inda ta haɗu da mai kuma ana rarraba su zuwa ɗakunan konewa. An fi amfani da wannan makirci akan injunan diesel.

Serial dangane

Tsarin layi-daidaitacce yana ba da damar shigar da injin turbin guda biyu iri ɗaya. Ɗayan yana aiki akai-akai, kuma na biyu yana haɗi tare da haɓakar saurin injin, haɓakar kaya, ko wasu yanayi na musamman. Juyawa daga wannan yanayin aiki zuwa wani yana faruwa ta hanyar bawul ɗin da injin abin hawa ECU ke sarrafawa.

Wannan tsarin yana da niyya da farko don kawar da turbo lag da kuma cimma saurin haɓakar haɓakar motar. Tsarin TripleTurbo yana aiki iri ɗaya.

Mataki na makirci

Supercharging mataki-biyu ya ƙunshi turbochargers guda biyu masu girma dabam, an shigar da su a cikin jerin kuma an haɗa su zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa da shaye-shaye. Na baya-bayan nan an sanye su da bawul ɗin kewayawa waɗanda ke daidaita kwararar iska da iskar gas. Da'irar mataki tana da hanyoyin aiki guda uku:

• Ana rufe bawuloli a ƙananan rpm. Gas mai fitar da iskar gas yana wucewa ta cikin injin turbin biyu. Saboda matsin iskar iskar gas yayi ƙasa, manyan injin turbine ke jujjuyawa da kyar. Iska yana gudana ta dukkan matakan kwampreso da ke haifar da ƙarancin matsi.
• Yayin da RPM ke ƙaruwa, bawul ɗin shayewa ya fara buɗewa, wanda ke tafiyar da babban injin turbin. Mai girma compressor yana matsawa iska, bayan haka an aika shi zuwa ƙaramin dabaran, inda ake amfani da ƙarin matsawa.
• Lokacin da injin ke aiki da sauri, duka bawuloli biyu suna buɗewa, wanda ke jagorantar kwararar iskar gas ɗin kai tsaye zuwa babban injin injin, iskar ta ratsa cikin babban injin kwampreso kuma nan da nan ana tura shi zuwa silinda na injin.

An fi amfani da sigar tako don motocin diesel.

Twin Turbo ribobi da fursunoni

A halin yanzu, ana shigar da TwinTurbo akan manyan motocin da ke aiki sosai. Yin amfani da wannan tsarin yana ba da fa'ida kamar watsawa mafi girman juzu'i akan nau'ikan saurin injin. Bugu da ƙari, godiya ga turbocharger dual, tare da ƙananan ƙananan aiki na na'urar wutar lantarki, ana samun karuwar wutar lantarki, wanda ya sa ya fi rahusa fiye da "mai son".

Babban rashin amfani na BiTurbo shine babban farashi, saboda rikitarwa na na'urar. Kamar yadda yake tare da turbine na gargajiya, tsarin tagwayen turbocharger yana buƙatar ƙarin kulawa mai laushi, mafi kyawun man fetur da canje-canjen mai akan lokaci.