Fasaloli da ƙa'idar aiki na dakatarwar da ta dace da motar

A cikin yanayin na'urori masu auna firikwensin, ana daidaita rigidity na sassa na roba da kuma matakin damping ta atomatik. Amma lokacin da siginar ya shiga cikin naúrar lantarki daga direba, ana tilasta saitunan canza (bisa umarnin mutumin da ke bayan motar).

Na'urar dakatarwa na injin ɗin Layer ce mai haɗi mai motsi tsakanin jiki da ƙafafun. Hanyar da ke tabbatar da jin dadi da aminci na motsi na ma'aikatan mota yana ci gaba da ingantawa. Motocin zamani suna sanye da sifofi masu daidaitawa - waɗannan su ne abubuwan dakatarwar mota. Yi la'akari da ɓangarorin, fa'idodi da rashin amfani, da kuma nau'ikan kayan aikin dakatarwa na ci gaba.

Menene dakatarwar mota mai daidaitawa

Akwai bambance-bambance a cikin fahimtar menene dakatarwar mota mai aiki, da kuma yadda ta bambanta da ƙirar daidaitacce. A halin yanzu, babu bayyanannun rarraba ra'ayoyi.

Duk dakatarwar na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ko iska da maballi ko madaidaicin ƙulli daga ɗakin fasinja ana kiransa aiki - wannan ma'anar gabaɗaya ce. Bambanci kawai tare da na'urar daidaitawa shine cewa sigogi a cikin ƙarshen suna canzawa ta atomatik akan motsi. Wato, dakatarwar "da kanta" tana canza saitunan. Wannan yana nufin cewa nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau’in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in yana nufin nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau’in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in iri) ne, bambancin chassis mai sassauƙa.

Dakatar da abin hawa yana tattara bayanai game da canza yanayin muhalli, salon tuki da yanayin ta amfani da na'urori daban-daban a kowane sakan. Kuma yana watsa bayanan zuwa sashin sarrafawa. ECU nan take yana canza halaye na dakatarwa, daidaita shi zuwa nau'in shimfidar hanya: yana ƙaruwa ko taqaitaccen sharewa, daidaita lissafin tsarin da matakin damping vibration (damping).

Menene dakatarwar mota mai daidaitawa

Abubuwan dakatarwa masu dacewa

Ga masana'antun daban-daban, ana iya gyara sassan tsarin daidaitawa. A lokaci guda, akwai sauran daidaitattun saitin abubuwan da ke cikin kowane nau'in dakatarwar sarrafawa.

Kwamfuta mai sarrafa lantarki

Bayani daga na'urori masu auna firikwensin ko sigina daga naúrar jagora - mai zaɓin da ke sarrafa direba - yana gudana cikin "kwakwalwa" na injin lantarki. ECU tana nazarin bayanan kuma ta zaɓi yanayi da saitin sassan aikin ɗaiɗaikun na dakatarwar.

A cikin yanayin na'urori masu auna firikwensin, ana daidaita rigidity na sassa na roba da kuma matakin damping ta atomatik. Amma lokacin da siginar ya shiga cikin naúrar lantarki daga direba, ana tilasta saitunan canza (bisa umarnin mutumin da ke bayan motar).

Madaidaicin shingen jujjuyawa

Abun da ya wajaba na dakatarwar karbuwa ya ƙunshi sanda, stabilizer struts da fasteners.

Stabilizer yana kiyaye motar daga tsalle-tsalle, birgima da jujjuyawa yayin motsa jiki. Wani daki-daki mai ban mamaki yana sake rarraba kaya tsakanin ƙafafun, raunana ko ƙara matsa lamba akan abubuwan roba. Wannan ƙarfin yana sanya dakatarwar gabaɗaya mai zaman kanta: kowace taya da kanta tana jurewa cikas a kan hanya.

Ana kunna sandar anti-roll ta umarnin ECU. Lokacin amsa shine millise seconds.

Masu hasashe

Na'urori masu auna firikwensin da aka dakatar da su suna tattarawa, aunawa da aika bayanai game da canje-canje a yanayi na waje zuwa naúrar lantarki.

Babban masu kula da tsarin:

• hanzarin jiki - hana haɓakar sashin jiki;
• m hanyoyi - iyakance a tsaye vibration na mota;
• Matsayin jiki - ana haifar da su lokacin da motar ta baya ta ragu ko ta tashi sama da gaba.

Na'urori masu auna firikwensin sune abubuwan da aka fi ɗorawa na dakatarwar mota, don haka suna kasawa sau da yawa fiye da sauran.

Active (daidaitacce) shock absorber struts

Dangane da zane na strut absorber shock, sun kasu kashi biyu:

1. Solenoid bawul tsarin. Irin waɗannan bawuloli na EM sun dogara ne akan canza sashin giciye mai canzawa ƙarƙashin rinjayar ƙarfin lantarki da ECU ke bayarwa.
2. Na'urori masu ruwan maganadisu rheological wanda ke canza danko a ƙarƙashin tasirin filin lantarki.

Ƙwararrun abin girgiza da sauri yana canza saitunan chassis lokacin da suka karɓi umarni daga sashin sarrafawa.

Siffofin dakatarwar mota mai daidaitawa

Yadda yake aiki

Zaɓin dakatarwa mai daidaitawa shine mafi rikitarwa naúrar, ƙa'idar aiki wanda shine kamar haka:

1. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin lantarki suna tattarawa da aika bayanai game da yanayin hanya zuwa ECU.
2. Ƙungiyar sarrafawa tana nazarin bayanan, aika umarni zuwa masu kunnawa.
3. Tsuntsayen girgiza da masu daidaitawa suna daidaita aikin don dacewa da yanayin.

Lokacin da umarni suka fito daga sashin kula da hannu, direban da kansa ya zaɓi yanayin daidaitawa: na al'ada, dadi ko "wasanni".

Nau'o'in dakatarwa masu daidaitawa

Hanyoyi masu sassauƙa sun kasu kashi iri, dangane da ayyukan da aka yi:

• rinjayar rigidity na abubuwa na roba;
• tare da taurin kai, suna daidaita da izinin ƙasa;
• canza matsayi na sanduna anti-roll;
• sarrafa sashin jiki dangane da jirgin sama a kwance;
• daidaita ga salon tuƙi da yanayin waƙa.

Kowane mai kera motoci yana haɗa ayyukan sarrafawa na ECU ta hanyar sa.

Me aka saka motoci

Daga sha'awar rabin na biyu na karni na karshe, chassis mai daidaitacce yana motsawa a hankali zuwa nau'in abubuwa na yau da kullun. A yau, motocin Koriya da Japan marasa tsada suna sanye da na'urar ci gaba.

Citroen ya kafa harsashi don samar da dakatarwar aiki ta hanyar gabatar da tsarin Hydractiv multi-mode hydropneumatic tsarin a cikin ƙirar mota. Amma sai na'urorin lantarki har yanzu suna da ƙarancin haɓaka, don haka almara Adaptive Drive na damuwa BMW ya zama cikakke. Wannan ya biyo bayan Gudanarwar Chassis na Kamfanin Volkswagen.

Daidaitawa

Kusan yana tunanin ko wane hanyoyi motsi zai kasance, direban daga wurinsa zai iya daidaitawa da kansa. A kan manyan hanyoyi, yanayin "wasanni" yana aiki mafi kyau, a kan kwalaye masu banƙyama - "ta'aziyya" ko "off-way".

Duk da haka, yana yiwuwa a yi canje-canje ga abubuwan tsarin kowane mutum ta hanyar toshe mai sarrafawa. A lokaci guda, ba shi da wahala a haɗa fakitin saiti na marubuci da adana shi azaman yanayin daban.

Matsaloli

Mafi sau da yawa, na'urori masu auna firikwensin da ke ci gaba da aiki suna lalacewa: na'urorin karatun injina sun gaza. Gabaɗaya, abin dogara masu ɗaukar abin girgiza suna zubowa.

Amma mafi matsala shine dakatarwar iska. A cikin tsarin, compressors sun kasa, maɓuɓɓugan iska suna zubewa, tsatsa layin.

Hannun hannu da hanyoyin dakatarwar iska ta atomatik

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

Iyakantattun fasalulluka a daidaitattun zaɓuɓɓukan dakatarwa ana biya su kuma ana ninka su cikin ƙira mai aiki.

Tsarin sabon matakin (ko da yake ba sabon abu bane) yayi wa mai motar alƙawarin fa'idodi da yawa:

Karanta kuma: Tuƙi rack damper - manufa da ka'idojin shigarwa

• kyakkyawar kulawa a kowane gudu;
• tabbataccen kwanciyar hankali abin hawa akan saman hanya mai wahala;
• matakin jin daɗi mara misaltuwa;
• kyakkyawan santsi na hanya;
• aminci motsi;
• ikon daidaita sigogi na chassis daban-daban, dangane da yanayi.

Dakatarwar zata yi kyau idan ba don wasu lahani na na'urar ba:

• babban farashi, wanda a ƙarshe yana nunawa a cikin farashin motar;
• da rikitarwa na zane, yana haifar da gyare-gyare masu tsada da kuma kula da kayan aiki;
• matsaloli wajen hada kai na na'urar.

Amma dole ne ku biya don ta'aziyya, yawancin masu ababen hawa suna zaɓar dakatarwar daidaitawa.

Dakatar da DCC Skoda Kodiaq da Skoda Superb (DCC Skoda Kodiaq da Skoda Superb)