Magani ɗaya, launuka biyar

Ana gabatar da gwaje-gwajen jiki da na sinadarai a bukukuwan kimiyya, wanda koyaushe yana haifar da jin daɗi a tsakanin jama'a. Ɗaya daga cikinsu shine nuni a lokacin da maganin, wanda aka zuba a cikin tasoshin da ke gaba, ya canza launinsa a cikin kowannensu. Ga mafi yawan masu kallo, wannan ƙwarewar kamar dabara ce, amma kawai gwanintar amfani da kaddarorin sinadarai.

Gwajin zai buƙaci tasoshin ruwa guda biyar, phenolphthalein, sodium hydroxide NaOH, iron (III) chloride FeCl.₃, potassium rhodium KSCN (ko ammonium NH₄SCN) da potassium ferrocyanide K₄[Fe(CN)₆].

Zuba kusan 100 cm a cikin jirgin ruwa na farko³ ruwa tare da phenolphthalein, da kuma sanya sauran (hoto 1):

jirgin ruwa 2: wasu NaOH tare da ƴan digo na ruwa. Ta hanyar haɗuwa tare da baguette, muna ƙirƙirar bayani. Ci gaba ta hanya guda don jita-jita masu zuwa (watau ƙara digo na ruwa kaɗan kuma a haxa da lu'ulu'u).

jirgin ruwa 3: FeCl₃;

jirgin ruwa 4: KSCN;

ruwa 5:k.₄[Fe(CN)₆].

Don samun sakamako mai tasiri na gwajin, adadin reagents yakamata a zaɓi ta hanyar "gwaji da kuskure".

Sa'an nan kuma zuba abin da ke cikin jirgin na farko a cikin na biyu - maganin zai zama ruwan hoda (hoto 2). Lokacin da aka zubar da maganin daga jirgi na biyu zuwa na uku, launin ruwan hoda ya ɓace kuma launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana (hoto 3). Lokacin da aka yi allurar a cikin jirgin ruwa na huɗu, maganin ya juya jini ja (ja).hoto 4), kuma aiki na gaba (zubawa a cikin jirgin ruwa na ƙarshe) yana ba ku damar samun launin shuɗi mai duhu na abinda ke ciki (hoto 5). Hoto na 6 yana nuna duk launukan da maganin ya ɗauka.

Duk da haka, mai ilimin likitancin dole ne ba kawai ya sha'awar sakamakon gwajin ba, amma sama da duka ya fahimci abin da halayen ke faruwa yayin gwajin.

Bayyanar launin ruwan hoda bayan zubar da maganin a cikin jirgin ruwa na biyu a fili shine amsawar phenolphthalein zuwa gaban tushe (NaOH). FeCl yana cikin jirgi na uku₃, wani fili wanda a shirye yake yin hydrolyzs don samar da halayen acidic. Sabili da haka, ba abin mamaki bane cewa launin ruwan hoda na phenolphthalein ya ɓace kuma launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana, saboda ions na baƙin ƙarfe (III). Bayan an zuba maganin a cikin jirgin ruwa na hudu, Fe cations suna amsawa³⁺ tare da jinsin anatomical:

haifar da samuwar hadaddun mahadi-jajayen jini (ma'auni ya nuna samuwar daya kawai daga cikinsu). A cikin wani jirgin ruwa, potassium ferrocyanide yana lalata abubuwan da aka haifar, wanda hakan ke haifar da samuwar blue Prussian, fili mai shuɗi mai duhu:

Wannan shine tsarin canza launi yayin gwaji.

Kuna iya kallonsa a bidiyo:

Magani ɗaya, launuka biyar.