Gwajin kirgawa: Injin Ford EcoBoost

Gabatar da 2,3 EcoBoost Ford Mustang da injunan 1,0 EcoBoost

Bayan da Ford Mustang ta zama motar sayar da wasanni mafi kyau kuma ƙaramin injin 1.0 EcoBoost ya sami lambar Injin Shekara a karo na biyar a cikin ajinsa, mun yanke shawarar gaya muku ƙarin bayani game da karfin wutar lantarki na farko da ƙaramar silinda.

The Ford Mustang 2,3 EcoBoost injin silinda hudu naúrar fasaha ce ta fasaha wacce ba ta da dalilin damuwa game da tuƙi irin wannan ƙaƙƙarfan mota. Amma yana samun duk wannan godiya ga ingantattun hanyoyin magance sauran injunan EcoBoost, gami da ƙaramin ƙwararren EcoBoost 1,0.

Gaskiyar cewa gabatarwar tushe na injin silinda hudu a cikin sabon Mustang har yanzu yana da ban mamaki yana nufin cewa muna rayuwa a cikin lokuta masu ban sha'awa na canji mai sauri da canji. Duk da haka, suna faruwa da sauri ta yadda ba za su yarda mutum ya daidaita hanyar da ba za ta iya jurewa ba na abubuwan da suka biyo baya. Duk da haka, bai kamata a manta da cewa injin motar motsa jiki na lita 2,3 ba ya fito daga kowa, amma daga Ford ya riga ya tabbatar da raguwar maestro. Gaskiyar ita ce ba za a iya jayayya ba - kwanan nan 1.0 EcoBoost ya sami lakabin "Injinin Duniya na Shekara a cikin aji har zuwa lita 1,0" a karo na biyar a jere, kuma kafin hakan ya sami cikakkiyar lambar yabo "Injinin Duniya na Shekara" uku. sau, wanda babu wanda ya san godiya ga gwaninta. kamfanoni sun gaza. Wataƙila Ford ya yi jinkirin bayar da sabon Mustang tare da injin V-2,7 na Silinda takwas, wanda, duk da gyare-gyaren, yanzu na'ura ce ta archaic wacce za a iya sauƙin maye gurbinsu da ɗayan EcoBoost shida-Silinda raka'a tare da turbochargers biyu (3,5 EcoBoost). da 100, 5,0 EcoBoost). Gaskiya ne cewa ko da mafi girma daga cikinsu ba zai iya sadar da sautin octave na musamman ba, amma kuma gaskiya ne cewa mafi ƙarfinsa yana ba da XNUMXNm, fiye da XNUMXNm na Ti-VCT.

Ala kulli hal, zamu iya cewa tabbas a cikin wannan sigar V-XNUMX tana rera waƙar swan, ko muna so ko a'a.

A gaskiya ma, daidai shekaru 30 da suka gabata, Ford ya ba da mamaki ga masana'antar kera motoci ta Amurka ta hanyar ba da Mustang mafi sauri, sigar SVO, ba tare da manyan manyan takwas ba amma tare da injin layi na lita 2,3 mai turbocharged. Ee, hakan yayi daidai - girma iri ɗaya da cikawa kamar sabon 2,3 EcoBoost. Sannan lokaci yayi magana kan kansa - dokokin fitar da hayaki na Amurka suna kara takurawa - kuma injin din ya dogara ne akan wata mota da ta fito daga layin Ford. Duk da haka, dole ne mu ambaci gaskiyar mai ban sha'awa cewa ikon wannan na'ura - duk da ma'anar ma'anar kalmomin da ke bayan acronym SVO, ko kuma sunan da ba a sani ba na Ayyukan Mota na Musamman - kawai 175 hp, wanda ya zama abin ban dariya a kusan sau biyu girman. lamba a cikin sabon mustang.

Kamar yadda yake tare da dukkanin layin sabbin raka'a, Ford yayi amfani da mafi ƙanƙankan matsakaici amma, kamar yadda ya fito, jumla mai tasiri, EcoBoost, da injin lita 2,3 daga naúrar lita XNUMX sun kasance cikin ci gaba mai ƙarfi tsawon shekaru uku. ... Injin an tsara shi ne don daukar kayan aiki na gaba da na baya, saboda haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa ya fito lokaci daya a gaban-dabaran. Lincoln MKC da Mustang.

EcoBoost yana gudana a cikakke iya aiki.

Lokacin da injiniyoyin Ford suka buɗe injin turbo mai silinda 1,0 EcoBoost ga jama'ar fasaha a cikin 2012, har yanzu ya zama kamar wani abin al'ajabi ga mutane da yawa. Daga nan ne aka ci gaba da lashe kyautar gwarzon injiniya ta duniya na tsawon shekaru uku a jere - abin da bai taba faruwa ba a tsawon tarihin shekaru 16 na gasar. Ya kara da wannan shekaru biyar a jere (ciki har da 2016) a lokacin da ya lashe kambun a ajinsa. Bob Fazetti, shugaban kula da inganta injina a kamfanin blue oval, ya ce bai taba tunanin injin din zai yi wani gagarumin nasara ba. A lokacin da, a farkon ci gaban lokaci na wannan mota, a lokacin da shugaban na engine sashen, kuma yanzu mafi girma a cikin Ford matsayi, Barb Samardzic, gabatar da wani sabon ra'ayi ga hukumar gudanarwa a Detroit, daya daga cikin m shugabannin har ma. ya tambaya, ko ba haka ba? sauti kamar injin dinki. A gaskiya ma, yanke shawara don ƙirƙirar ba abu mai sauƙi ba ne kuma wani mataki mai mahimmanci na gaba, saboda fasahar turbocharging da allurar kai tsaye ba a ci gaba ba tukuna, aƙalla ga injiniyoyin Ford. Kuma haɗa su cikin irin wannan na'ura shine tsalle-tsalle a cikin abin da ba a sani ba. Na farko na layin da aka rage girman injuna, 3.5 EcoBoost ba daidai ba ne wanda aka rage girman injin, saboda yana da ƙarfi mafi ƙarfi na injin da ake nema da gaske wanda ya wanzu a lokacin.

Yanzu da yake Ford ya rufe kusan dukkanin motocin da aka bayar tare da irin waɗannan rukunin, da alama akwai amsoshi bayyanannu game da batun makomar ƙungiyoyin da aka zaba. Koyaya, injiniyoyin kamfanin suna barin irin waɗannan damar, suna mai da hankali kan motoci don dalilai na gari, inda ba lallai ba ne samun irin wannan ƙarfin. Wannan, alal misali, yanayin sifa ne na injin mai hawa uku. Idan ya zo ga karin ƙarfi da ƙananan amfani da mai, wannan fasahar ba ta da wani zaɓi a injunan mai. Enginesarnin na gaba na injunan EcoBoost, tare da injunan EcoBoost na baya 3,5, 1,0, 1,6 da 2,0, sun haɗa da 1,5 da 2,3 masu-silinda huɗu da kuma 2,7 na shida.

Na farko daga cikin wadannan, wanda aka bayyana a bikin baje kolin motoci na Geneva a shekarar 2014, wani ci gaba ne na injin mai karfin lita 1,6, wanda karamin matsuguninsa ya samo asali ne saboda cewa injinan da ke gudun hijira kasa da lita 1,5 na samun karin haraji a kasar Sin. . Duk da haka, ya fi na zamani mota fiye da 1,6-lita dan uwan, kuma a daidai wannan matakin na 150 da kuma 180 HP. yana ba da ƙarancin amfani da man fetur. Wannan sabon ƙarni (wanda aka kera a Romania) yana karɓar fasaha daga ƙaramin takwaransa na 1,0 EcoBoost, kamar sabon ƙirar kai gaba ɗaya tare da ingantattun sanyaya da haɗaɗɗun bututun shaye-shaye. 1,6 EcoBoost da kanta ya maye gurbin lita biyu na Duratec da ake so ta halitta a 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, kuma mafi girma 2,0 EcoBoost ya maye gurbin ƙananan injunan V2.0 - galibi a cikin ƙirar Amurka da nau'ikan wasanni na Focus da Mondeo. Injin mai nauyin lita 6 na dabi'a ana amfani dashi da farko don SUV, ɗaukar hoto da samfuran limousine na alatu kuma yana da 3,5 hp a cikin bambance-bambancen daban-daban. (320 Nm) har zuwa 542 hp (380 Nm).

1.0 Kayan kwalliya

Litersarin wutar lita fiye da Bugatti Veyron

Ba wai kawai ya ci lambar yabo ta EcoBoost 1,0 International Engine of the Year ba sau uku a jere, ta sami wasu kyaututtuka da yawa a cikin wannan darajar. A halin yanzu, wannan motar ta sami sigar da ta fi ƙarfi ma samfurin Fiesta Zetec S Red da Black. A cikinsu, bashi da ƙari kuma bai gaza 140 hp ba. Wannan yana nufin lita fiye da Bugatti Veyron. Tare da wannan injin, Fiesta yana hanzarta daga 100 zuwa 9 km / h a cikin sakan 4,49 tare da daidaitaccen amfani da kewaya na 100 l / XNUMX km. Don cimma wannan ƙarfin, wannan ɗan ƙaramin abin ban mamaki na aikin injiniya ya sami sabon horo na haɓakawa, gami da sabon kunna don sarrafa turbocharger na Nahiyar da buɗe bawul; intercooler da maƙura bawul canza.

Turbocharger's RPM ya kai 248, sau biyu na injin mota na Formula 000. Duk da haka, wannan na'ura mai ban sha'awa yana kula da babban matakin aiki, yana ba da amsa ba kawai da sauri ba, har ma da matsakaicin matsa lamba na 1 bar. Matsakaicin matsa lamba a cikin silinda na injin lita ɗaya shine mashaya 1,6. Don tseren waƙa, har ma da nau'ikan da ke da 124 da 180 hp ana amfani da su, kuma a cikin sabon ƙarni na motar, ɗayan silinda yana da rauni a yanayin ɗaukar nauyi. Lallai babban nasara ne samun injin silinda guda uku yana aiki akan silinda biyu ba tare da tauye ma'auninsa ba.

2.3 BcoBoost

Fantastic Hudu

A ka'idar, wannan na iya zama tushen drive, amma ba shakka wannan engine ba ya sha wahala daga rashin iko - tare da 314 hp. da karfin juzu'i na Nm 434, wannan shine injin silinda mafi ƙarfi da Ford ta taɓa ginawa. Wataƙila yanayin injin shine yanke shawarar gina shi a Turai (a shuka a Valencia, Spain), amma shukar Ford a Cleveland, Ohio zai taimaka tare da haɓaka tallace-tallace.

Burin kungiyar Scott Makovski, shugaban rukunin silinda hudu na duniya, shine sake hade mutum a cikin Mustang, amma motar ba ta rasa iko. Aikin ya buƙaci ƙarfin doki don farawa daga 3, kuma ƙungiyar ta kashe kashi 20 cikin ɗari fiye da daidaitaccen lokacin akan binciken kwamfuta kafin ɓangaren farko da aka yi. An ba da hankali musamman ga iska zuwa cikin silinda da tsarin ƙonewa, tun da yanayin matsewar yana da yawa (9,5: 1), bugun piston babba ne (94 mm), kuma diamita silinda ƙarami ce (87,55 mm). ). Wannan keɓaɓɓiyar gine-ginen yana haifar da buƙatar nazarin iska, kuma haɗarin man fetur ya mamaye bangon silinda yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar allura tare da kwalliya shida da siffar bututun hanci daban.

Kamar sauran membobin gidan EcoBoost, injin lita 2,3 yana da lokaci mai canzawa, allura kai tsaye a sandar 163 da tilasta cika sandar 1,7, wanda shima yana da yawa ga irin wannan injin. Bosch ne ke samar da famfin mai da injectors kuma suna yin zagaye na allura guda biyu cikin farawar sanyi da kuma saurin saurin yanayin don haɗawar mai da iska mai kyau. Ginin alminiyon an mutu-an jefa shi kuma ya dasa layin silinda na ƙarfe da haƙarƙarin waje da yawa don ƙarfafa tsarin.

Maimakon sheqa daban-daban, manyan bearings suna amfani da firam ɗin tallafi na gama gari, crankshaft ɗin an yi shi da ƙarfe, sandunan haɗin gwiwa an yi su da ƙarfe na jabu, kuma pistons na aluminum da aka ƙirƙira suna da abin saka ƙarfe na ƙarfe wanda ke zama tushe don rufe fistan na sama. zobe. Ana samar da wuraren ajiyar bawul a gaban fistan kanta, kuma a cikin kowane fistan yana da bututun sanyaya daban. Shugaban Silinda da kansa, kamar ƙaramin takwaransa na silinda uku, ya haɗa nau'ikan shaye-shaye a cikin kai, yana rage damuwa zafi da asarar iskar iskar gas, wanda aka ƙara bawuloli masu cike da sodium da ƙarfafa gadaje.

Mafi mahimmanci ga ƙirar injin shi ne girka sabon Honeywell mai sau biyu-turbocharger. Gine-ginen helix mai sau biyu yana riƙe da ƙarfin makamashi na bugun jini a zahiri yana bugun ruwan wukake. Wannan kuma yana ba da damar buɗe sassan bude bawul, tunda allurar kai tsaye tana ba da iska mai tsabta ta gudana ta cikin silinda mafi kyau, wanda kuma ke samar da mafi girman lokaci. Ana gudanar da ikon su ta hanyar lalata na'urorin mai a matsi kuma yana cikin kewayon digiri 50. Ga irin wannan babban injin mai-silinda huɗu, madaidaiciyar maɗaukaki ba makawa, wanda, a wannan yanayin an yi shi ne da aluminium kuma yana adana nauyin kilo 5.

A takaice

Hyundai Santa Fe 2.3

Injiniya / Sauyawa: 2,300-silinda, 3cc

Arfin dawakai 314 hp a 5500 rpm

Belin lokaci: DOHC, bawul guda huɗu a kowace silinda, mashigar mai mai canji da kuma hanyoyin fitarwa, bawul ɗin matse mai

Matsawa rabo: 9,5: 1

Bore x Buguwa: 87,55 x 94mm

Turbocharger: Honeywell Garret dual jet

Tsarin allurar mai: Bosch

Gine-gine: bulo na aluminium da kai tare da bututun shaye shaye.