Sabuwar ka'ida game da yadda injin EmDrive ke aiki. Injin yana yiwuwa in ba haka ba

Shahararren EmDrive (1) bai kamata ya karya dokokin kimiyyar lissafi ba, in ji Mike McCulloch (2) na Jami'ar Plymouth. Masanin kimiyya ya ba da shawarar ka'idar da ke nuna sabuwar hanyar fahimtar motsi da rashin aiki na abubuwa tare da ƙananan hanzari. Idan ya yi gaskiya, da za mu ƙarasa kiran ƙaƙƙarfan tuƙi "marasa inertial", saboda rashin aiki, wato, rashin aiki, wanda ke damun mai binciken ɗan Burtaniya.

Inertia sifa ce ta duk abubuwan da ke da taro, amsa ga canji a alkibla ko ga hanzari. A wasu kalmomi, ana iya tunanin taro a matsayin ma'auni na inertia. Ko da yake wannan yana kama da mu sanannen ra'ayi, ainihin yanayinsa ba a bayyane yake ba. Manufar McCulloch ta dogara ne akan zato cewa rashin aiki ya samo asali ne saboda wani tasiri da ake annabta ta hanyar alaƙa ta gaba ɗaya da ake kira. radiation daga Unruhwannan baƙar fata radiation ce ta jiki da ke aiki akan abubuwa masu hanzari. A gefe guda kuma, muna iya cewa yanayin zafi na sararin samaniya yana ƙaruwa yayin da muke haɓakawa.

2. Mike McCulloch na Jami'ar Plymouth

A cewar McCulloch, inertia shine kawai matsin lamba da Uruh radiation ke yi akan jiki mai sauri. Tasirin yana da wahala a yi nazari don hanzarin da muke gani akai-akai a Duniya. A cewar masanin kimiyya, wannan yana bayyana ne kawai lokacin da hanzari ya zama karami. A cikin ƙanƙanin hanzari, tsayin raƙuman ruwa na Unruh suna da girma da ba su dace da sararin samaniya da ake gani ba. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, McCulloch yayi jayayya, inertia na iya ɗaukar wasu dabi'u kawai kuma yayi tsalle daga ƙimar ɗaya zuwa wani, wanda daidai yayi kama da tasirin ƙima. A wasu kalmomi, dole ne a ƙididdige inertia a matsayin ɓangaren ƙananan hanzari.

McCulloch ya yi imanin cewa za a iya tabbatar da su ta hanyar ka'idarsa a cikin abubuwan lura. m gudun spikes ana lura da shi a lokacin da wasu abubuwa na sararin samaniya ke tafiya kusa da duniya zuwa wasu taurari. Yana da wuya a yi nazarin wannan tasiri a hankali a duniya saboda saurin da ke tattare da shi kadan ne.

Dangane da EmDrive da kansa, tunanin McCulloch ya dogara ne akan ra'ayi mai zuwa: idan photons suna da wani nau'i na taro, to, lokacin da aka nuna, dole ne su fuskanci rashin aiki. Duk da haka, radiation Unruh kadan ne a wannan yanayin. Don ƙanƙanta ta yadda zai iya hulɗa da yanayin da yake kusa. A cikin yanayin EmDrive, wannan shine mazugi na ƙirar "injiniya". Mazugi yana ba da damar yin amfani da hasken Unruh na wani tsayin daka a mafi faɗin ƙarshen, da radiation na ɗan gajeren tsayi a ƙarshen kunkuntar. Ana nuna hotunan photon, don haka inertia a cikin ɗakin dole ne ya canza. Kuma daga ka'idar kiyaye lokaci, wanda, sabanin ra'ayi akai-akai game da EmDrive, ba a keta shi ba a cikin wannan fassarar, yana biye da cewa ya kamata a haifar da raguwa ta wannan hanya.

Ana iya gwada ka'idar McCulloch ta gwaji ta hanyoyi biyu aƙalla. Na farko, ta hanyar sanya dielectric a cikin ɗakin - wannan ya kamata ya ƙara yawan ƙarfin motar. Abu na biyu, a cewar masanin kimiyya, canza girman ɗakin zai iya canza hanyar turawa. Wannan zai faru lokacin da hasken Unruh ya fi dacewa da kunkuntar ƙarshen mazugi fiye da wanda ya fi fadi. Ana iya haifar da irin wannan tasiri ta hanyar canza mitar bim ɗin photon a cikin mazugi. "Tuni an riga an sami koma baya a wani gwaji na NASA na baya-bayan nan," in ji wani ɗan Burtaniya mai binciken.

Ka'idar McCulloch, a gefe guda, tana kawar da matsalar kiyayewa, a daya bangaren kuma, tana gefe ne na al'adar kimiyya. (kimiyya ta al'ada). Daga mahangar kimiyya, abu ne mai yuwuwa a ɗauka cewa photons suna da wani taro marar aiki. Bugu da ƙari, a hankali, gudun haske ya kamata ya canza a cikin ɗakin. Wannan yana da wahala ga masana kimiyyar lissafi su yarda.

3. Ka'idar aiki na injin EmDrive

Yana aiki amma ana buƙatar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje

EmDrive asalinsa shi ne ɗan wasan Roger Scheuer, ɗaya daga cikin fitattun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun jiragen sama a Turai. Ya gabatar da wannan zane a cikin nau'i na kwandon kwandon shara. Ɗayan ƙarshen resonator yana da faɗi fiye da ɗayan, kuma ana zabar girmansa ta hanyar da za a ba da amsa ga igiyoyin lantarki na wani tsayi. Sakamakon haka, waɗannan raƙuman ruwa da ke yaɗuwa zuwa mafi faɗin ƙarshen dole ne su yi sauri kuma su ragu zuwa ƙarshen kunkuntar (3). Ana tsammanin cewa, a sakamakon daban-daban na raƙuman ruwa na gaba na gudun hijira, suna yin matsi daban-daban na radiation a kishiyar ƙarshen resonator, don haka igiyar da ba ta da tushe wacce ke motsa abu.

Koyaya, bisa ga sanannun ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, idan ba a yi amfani da ƙarin ƙarfi ba, kuzari ba zai iya ƙaruwa ba. A ka'ida, EmDrive yana aiki ta amfani da abin mamaki na matsa lamba na radiation. Gudun rukuni na igiyoyin lantarki, don haka ƙarfin da yake haifar da shi, na iya dogara ne akan joometry na waveguide wanda yake yaduwa. A cewar Scheuer ra'ayin, idan ka gina conical waveguide ta yadda gudun igiyar ruwa a daya gefen ya bambanta sosai da gudun igiyar a daya gefen, to, ta hanyar nuna wannan kalaman tsakanin iyakar biyu, za ka sami bambanci a cikin radiation matsa lamba. , i.e. isasshen ƙarfi don cimma matsaya. A cewar Shayer, EmDrive baya keta ka'idojin kimiyyar lissafi, amma yana amfani da ka'idar Einstein - injin yana cikin wani tsarin tunani daban-daban fiye da kalaman "aiki" a cikinsa..

Ya zuwa yanzu, ƙananan ƙananan ne kawai aka gina. Samfuran EmDrive tare da karfin juzu'i na tsari na micronews. Wata babbar cibiyar bincike, jami'ar fasaha ta Xi'an Northwest Polytechnic ta kasar Sin, ta yi gwajin injin samfuri mai karfin 720 µN (microewtons). Yana iya zama ba mai yawa ba, amma wasu ion thrusters da ake amfani da su a ilmin taurari ba sa samar da ƙari.

4. Gwajin EmDrive 2014.

Sigar EmDrive da NASA ta gwada (4) aikin mai zanen Amurka Guido Fetti ne. Gwajin vacuum na pendulum ya tabbatar da cewa ya cimma matsaya na 30-50 µN. Laboratory Eagleworks, dake Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center a Houston, ya tabbatar da aikinsa a cikin vacuum. Kwararrun NASA sun yi bayanin yadda injin ke aiki ta hanyar ƙididdigewa, ko kuma, ta hanyar hulɗa tare da barbashi na kwayoyin halitta da antimatter waɗanda ke tasowa sannan kuma suna halaka juna a cikin vacuum.

Na dogon lokaci, Amurkawa ba sa so su yarda a hukumance cewa sun lura da yunƙurin da EmDrive ya yi, suna tsoron cewa ƙarancin ƙima na iya zama saboda kurakuran auna. Sabili da haka, an tsaftace hanyoyin aunawa kuma an maimaita gwajin. Bayan duk wannan, NASA ta tabbatar da sakamakon binciken.

Duk da haka, kamar yadda International Business Times ta ruwaito a cikin Maris 2016, daya daga cikin ma'aikatan NASA da suka yi aiki a kan aikin ya ce hukumar na shirin sake maimaita dukkan gwajin tare da wata ƙungiya ta daban. Hakan zai ba ta damar a karshe ta gwada maganin kafin ta yanke shawarar saka wasu kudade a ciki.