Rarraba makamai na Jamus: Janairu 1942-Yuni 1944

Bangaren masu sulke na Jamus

Yaƙin neman zaɓe a Tarayyar Soviet a shekara ta 1941, duk da irin nasarorin da Wehrmacht ya samu a kan sojojin Red Army da ba su da ƙwazo da kuma horar da su, ya ƙare ba tare da jin daɗi ba ga Jamusawa. Ba a ci USSR ba kuma ba a kama Moscow ba. Sojojin Jamus da suka gaji sun tsallake rijiya da baya, kuma yakin ya rikide zuwa wani dogon rikici wanda ya cinye dimbin albarkatun bil'adama da na duniya. Kuma Jamusawa ba su kasance a shirye don wannan ba, bai kamata ya kasance haka ba ...

An shirya wani harin Jamus a lokacin rani na 1942, wanda shine yanke shawarar nasarar yaƙin neman zaɓe a gabas. An bayyana ayyukan da ake yi na mummunan aiki a cikin Dokar No. 41 na Afrilu 5, 1942, lokacin da halin da ake ciki a gaba ya daidaita kuma Wehrmacht ya tsira daga hunturu, wanda ba a shirya ba.

Tun da tsaron Moscow ya tabbatar da rashin nasara, an yanke shawarar yanke USSR daga tushen man fetur - kayan da ake bukata don yakin. Babban tanadi na man Soviet sun kasance a Azerbaijan (Baku a kan Tekun Caspian), inda ake samar da fiye da tan miliyan 25 na mai a kowace shekara, wanda ya kai kusan dukkanin samar da Soviet. Wani muhimmin bangare na sauran kwata ya fadi a yankin Maikop-Grozny (Rasha da Chechnya) da Makhachkala a Dagestan. Duk waɗannan yankuna suna cikin tsaunin Caucasus, ko kuma ɗan kudu maso gabas na wannan babban tsaunuka. Harin da aka kai kan Caucasus da nufin kame wuraren mai da kuma Volga (Stalingrad) don yanke hanyoyin sadarwa ta hanyar da ake jigilar danyen mai zuwa tsakiyar Tarayyar Soviet, GA "Kudu" ne za a yi. , da sauran rundunonin sojoji biyu - "Cibiyar" da "Arewa" - ya kamata su shiga aikin tsaro. Don haka, a cikin hunturu na 1941/1942, GA "Kudu" ya fara ƙarfafa ta hanyar canja wurin raka'a daga sauran ƙungiyoyin sojojin zuwa kudu.

Samar da sabbin sassan sulke

Tushen samar da sabbin sassa shi ne raka'a daban-daban, ciki har da tsare-tsare masu sulke, wanda ya fara samuwa a cikin kaka na 1940. Sabbin rundunonin runduna huɗu da aka kafa da bataliyoyin biyu daban-daban suna sanye da kayan aikin Faransa da aka kama. An kafa waɗannan rukunin ne a tsakanin kaka na 1940 zuwa bazara na 1941. Su ne: Runduna ta 201st Armored Regiment, wadda ta karɓi Somua H-35 da Hotchkiss H-35/H-39; 202nd Tank Regiment, sanye take da 18 Somua H-35s da 41 Hotchkiss H-35/H-39s; 203rd Tank Regiment samu Somua H-35 da Hotchkiss H-35/39; 204th Tank Regiment sanya wa Somua H-35 da Hotchkiss H-35/H39; Bataliya ta 213 mai dauke da manyan tankokin yaki na Char 36C 2, ana kiranta Pz.Kpfw. B2; Bataliya ta 214,

+30 Renault R-35.

Ranar 25 ga Satumba, 1941, an fara aiwatar da wasu sassan tanki guda biyu - sashin tanki na 22 da sashin tanki na 23. Dukansu an kafa su ne daga karce a Faransa, amma tsarin tankin nata sune Regiment na Tank na 204 da na 201st bi da bi, kuma an sanye su da kayan aikin Jamus da Czech iri-iri. Rundunar tanki ta 204 ta samu: 10 Pz II, 36 Pz 38(t), 6 Pz IV (75/L24) da 6 Pz IV (75/L43), yayin da rundunar tanki ta 201 ta samu tankokin da Jamus ta yi. Sannu a hankali, an sake cika jihohin da ke cikin rundunonin biyu, kodayake ba su kai ga cikar ma’aikatan ba. A cikin Maris 1942, an aika ƙungiyoyi zuwa gaba.

A ranar 1 ga Disamba, 1941, a sansanin Stalbek (yanzu Dolgorukovo a Gabashin Prussia), an fara sake tsara rundunar sojan doki ta 1 zuwa rukunin Tank na 24. Rundunar tanki ta 24 ta fito ne daga bataliya ta 101st flamethrower tankin da aka wargaza, da mayaƙan doki daga rundunonin sojan doki na 2nd da 21st na rukuni, waɗanda aka horar da su a matsayin tanki. Da farko dai dukkan sassan ukun suna da babbar rundunar bindigu da ta kunshi rundunar bindigu ta bataliya guda uku da kuma bataliyar bataliyar, amma a watan Yulin shekarar 1942 aka watse ma’aikatan bindigu kuma aka kafa wata runduna ta bindigu ta biyu, kuma dukkanin rundunonin motocin biyu. ya koma runduna ta bataliya biyu.

Ana shirin sabon hari

Axis ya yi nasarar tattara sojoji kusan miliyan guda don kai farmaki, wanda aka shirya zuwa 65 na Jamusanci da 25 na Romania, Italiyanci da Hungarian. Bisa ga shirin da aka shirya a watan Afrilu, a farkon Yuli 1942, GA "Kudu" ya kasu kashi GA "A" (Field Marshal Wilhelm List), wanda ya koma Caucasus, da GA "B" (Karnar Janar Maximilian Freiherr von Weichs) , ya nufi gabas zuwa Volga.

A cikin bazara na 1942 GA "Poludne" hada da tara tanki rabo (3rd, 9th, 11th, 13th, 14th, 16th, 22nd, 23rd da 24th) da kuma shida motorized division (3rd, 16th, 29th, 60th, SS Viking) . da Babban Jamus). Don kwatanta, kamar yadda na Yuli 4, 1942, kawai ƙungiyoyi biyu na tanki (8th da 12th) da ƙungiyoyi biyu na motoci (18th da 20th) sun kasance a cikin Sever GA, kuma a cikin Sredny GA - sassan tanki takwas (1., 2nd, 4th) , 5th, 17th, 18th, 19th and 20th) da motoci biyu (10th da 25th). An jibge ƙungiyoyin sulke na 6, 7 da na 10 a ƙasar Faransa (da nufin hutawa da sake cikawa, daga baya sun koma yaƙi), kuma sojojin 15 da na 21 da Dlek na 90 (motoci) sun yi yaƙi a Afirka.

Bayan rarraba GA "Poludne" GA "A" ya hada da 1st Tank Army da 17th Army, da GA "B" hada da: 2nd Army, 4th Tank Army, 6th Army, da 3rd da 4th runduna. Sojojin Romania, sojojin Hungarian na 2 da sojojin Italiya na 8. Daga cikin waɗannan, ƙungiyoyin panzer na Jamus da ƙungiyoyin motoci suna cikin dukkan runduna sai runduna ta 2, waɗanda ba su da rarrabuwa cikin sauri.