Haɗin kai tare da… tarihi

An kama, wanda shine babban kayan aikin motar, ya bayyana tare da injunan konewa na ciki. Duk da haka, sun bambanta sosai da waɗanda aka sanya a halin yanzu, musamman saboda amfani da ... bel ɗin tukin fata. Shin kamanni sun canza a cikin shekaru? daga fayafai guda ko faifai masu yawa zuwa maɓuɓɓugan ganye na tsakiya na zamani.

Mai inganci amma tsada

Belin tuƙi na fata yana watsa juzu'i daga juzu'in injin zuwa ƙafafun tuƙi. Ka'idar aiki na irin wannan tsarin ya kasance mai sauqi qwarai: lokacin da aka ja bel a kan ƙwanƙwasa, motar ta kunna. Bayan an kwance shi, ya zame tare da ƙafafun da aka ambata kuma, don haka, an kashe tuƙi. Aikin bel ɗin tuƙi na fata yana da tasiri sosai, amma babban koma baya shine cewa fata yana sauƙin shimfiɗa kuma cikin sauri ya lalace. Don haka, dole ne a sauya irin wannan tuƙi sau da yawa, wanda ya sa ya yi tsada don aiki. 

Daya-…

Mafi kyawun bayani fiye da bel ɗin tuƙi na fata shine amfani da abin da ake kira friction clutch, wanda shine faifai da ke ƙarshen crankshaft. Ya yi mu'amala da faifai na biyu wanda ke manne da crankshaft ɗin dindindin. Ta yaya aka watsa motar? Don shigar da shi, faifan farko, wanda yake a ƙarshen crankshaft, ya kusanci na biyu, an daidaita shi ta dindindin zuwa crankshaft. Da faifai guda biyu suka taɓa, diski na biyu ya fara jujjuya shi, kamar yadda faifan farko ke tuka shi. Cikakken canja wurin wuta ya faru lokacin da fayafai biyu ke jujjuyawa a gudu ɗaya. Bi da bi, an kashe drive ta hanyar cire haɗin faifai biyu.

… Ko Multi-disk

An ƙara haɓaka garkuwar "mai watsawa" da "karɓar" ta hanyar amfani da clutches masu yawa. Gabaɗayan tsarin ya ƙunshi wani nau'i na musamman na ganga, wanda aka haɗe zuwa gawar tashi. Asalin aikin ya ƙunshi tsagi na musamman da aka yanke a cikin jikin ganga, wanda madaidaicin gefen faifan na waje ya dace. Na karshen yana da diamita iri ɗaya da jikin ganga. A lokacin motsi, faifai sun juya ba kawai tare da drum ɗin da aka ambata ba, har ma tare da ƙugiya da crankshaft. Ƙirƙirar wannan bayani shine yiwuwar motsi na faifai da kansu. Bugu da kari, sun kasance tare da adadin garkuwar coaxial iri ɗaya. Ƙarshen an kwatanta su ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa ba a samo su ba a kan waje, amma a kan gefuna na ciki. Wuraren suna shigar da tsagi na tsayin daka akan cibiyar da aka haɗa da mashin kama.

Tare da ƙarin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa

Koyaya, clutches da yawa, saboda ka'idar aiki mai rikitarwa da tsadar taron su, ba su ƙara yaɗuwa ba. An maye gurbinsu da busassun ƙullun faranti ɗaya, amma kuma an sanye su da saitin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa waɗanda ke haifar da ƙarfi. An haɗa maɓuɓɓugan ruwa na Helical zuwa juna ta hanyar saitin levers na musamman. Na ƙarshe an haɗa su da sako-sako zuwa shingen kama. Duk da ingantaccen aiki na kama da kansa, amfani da levers yana da babban koma baya. Menene game da shi? Ƙarfin centrifugal ya haifar da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa don jujjuya su da damfara shari'ar daidai gwargwado ga haɓakar saurin injin.

Dokokin tsakiya

An kawar da matsalar da ke sama kawai ta hanyar amfani da abin da ake kira clutch. tsakiyar diski spring. Da farko dai, tsarin clamping yana da sauƙi, tun da a maimakon dukan tsarin maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da levers, ana amfani da kashi ɗaya na maɓuɓɓugar ruwa na tsakiya. Wannan zane yana da wasu fa'idodi. Daga cikin mafi mahimmanci, yana da daraja a lura da ƙananan wuraren aiki da ake buƙata kuma, sama da duka, ƙarfin matsa lamba akai-akai. Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa a yanzu ana amfani da clutches na tsakiyar bazara a yawancin nau'ikan mota saboda iyawarsu.

An kara: Shekaru 7 da suka gabata,

hoto: Bogdan Lestorzh