Tsaron ruwa na Italiya

Babban aikin tushen Luni shine samar da tallafin kayan aiki da horar da daidaitattun ma'aikatun helikofta guda biyu na Jirgin saman Naval na Italiya. Bugu da kari, tushe yana goyan bayan aikin jirage masu saukar ungulu na Sojojin ruwa na Italiya da jirage masu saukar ungulu masu yin ayyuka a cikin gidajen wasan kwaikwayo masu nisa na ayyuka.

Maristaeli (Marina Stazione Elicotteri - Naval Helicopter Base) a Luni (tashar jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu Sarzana-Luni) ɗaya ne daga cikin sansanonin iska guda uku na Sojojin ruwan Italiya - Marina Militare Italiana (MMI). Tun daga 1999, an ba shi suna bayan Admiral Giovanni Fiorini, ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu, jirgin ruwan Italiya da tashar Maristaela Luni.

Tushen Luni yana da ɗan gajeren tarihi, tun lokacin da aka gina shi a cikin 60s kusa da filin jirgin sama. An shirya tushe don aiki a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, 1969, lokacin da aka kafa 5° Gruppo Elicoterri (5 Helicopter Squadron) a nan, sanye take da rotorcraft Agusta-Bell AB-47J. A watan Mayu 1971, tawagar 1 ° Gruppo Elicoterri, sanye take da Sikorsky SH-34 rotorcraft, aka kai daga Catania-Fontanarossa a Sicily. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ƙungiyoyin helikwafta guda biyu sun gudanar da ayyuka na aiki da kayan aiki daga Maristaela Luni.

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Wani ɓangare na abubuwan more rayuwa na tushe ya ƙunshi abubuwa biyu masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke horar da ma'aikatan jirgin sama da kulawa. Ƙungiyoyin na iya amfani da na'urar kwaikwayo na helikwafta na Agusta-Westland EH-101. Cikakken Jirgin Jirgin Sama (FMFS) da Rear Crew Trainer Trainer (RCT), wanda aka bayar a cikin 2011, suna ba da cikakkiyar horo ga ma'aikatan duk nau'ikan wannan nau'in helikofta, ba da damar matukan jirgi na cadet da tuni sun horar da matukan jirgi don samun ko haɓaka ƙwarewarsu. Hakanan suna ba ku damar aiwatar da shari'o'i na musamman a cikin jirgin, horar da jirgin ta amfani da tabarau na gani dare, jiragen ruwa da kuma aiwatar da dabara.

Na'urar kwaikwayo ta RCT tashar horarwa ce ga masu aiki da tsarin aiki da aka sanya akan helikofta EH-101 a cikin sigar anti-submarine da saman jirgin ruwa, inda ma'aikatan da aka horar da su kuma suna tallafawa da haɓaka ƙwarewarsu. Ana iya amfani da na'urorin na'urar guda biyu daban ko a hade, suna ba da horo lokaci guda ga dukkan ma'aikatan jirgin, duka matukan jirgi da masu gudanar da ginin. Ba kamar ma'aikatan EH-101 ba, NH Industries SH-90 ma'aikatan helicopter a Looney ba su da nasu na'urar kwaikwayo a nan kuma dole ne a horar da su a cibiyar horar da masana'antu ta NH.

Tushen Looney yana kuma sanye da abin da ake kira helo-dunker. Wannan ginin, wanda ke dauke da Cibiyar Horar da Rayuwa ta STC, yana da babban wurin shakatawa a ciki da kuma wani jirgin ruwa mai saukar ungulu na ba'a, "Helikopter", wanda ake amfani da shi wajen horar da yadda ake fita daga cikin jirgin idan ya fada cikin ruwa. An saukar da fuselage na izgili, gami da kukfit da kukfit na ma'aikacin tsarin sarrafawa, akan manyan katako na ƙarfe kuma ana iya nutsar da su cikin tafkin sannan a juya zuwa wurare daban-daban. A nan, an horar da ma'aikatan don su fita daga cikin helikwafta bayan sun fada cikin ruwa, ciki har da a cikin wani wuri da aka juya.

Laftanar Kwamanda Rambelli, shugaban Cibiyar Horar da Rayuwa, ya yi bayani: Sau ɗaya a shekara, matukan jirgi da sauran ma'aikatan jirgin dole ne su ɗauki kwas ɗin tsira da ɓarna a cikin teku don kula da ƙwarewarsu. Kwas din na kwanaki biyu ya hada da horar da ka'idoji da kuma wani bangare na "rigaka", lokacin da matukan jirgin ke fafutukar fita daga cikinta cikin aminci. A wannan bangare, ana kimanta matsalolin. Kowace shekara muna horar da matukan jirgi 450-500 da ma'aikatan jirgin don tsira, kuma muna da gogewar shekaru ashirin a cikin wannan.

Horon farko yana ɗaukar kwanaki huɗu don ma'aikatan Navy da kwanaki uku ga ma'aikatan Sojan Sama. Laftanar Kwamanda Rambelli ya yi bayani: Wannan saboda ma'aikatan sojojin saman ba sa amfani da abin rufe fuska na iskar oxygen, ba a horar da su yin hakan saboda karancin tashi. Ƙari ga haka, ba ma’aikatan soja kaɗai muke horar da su ba. Muna da abokan ciniki da yawa, kuma muna ba da horo na rayuwa ga 'yan sanda, carabinieri, masu gadin bakin teku da ma'aikatan Leonardo. A cikin shekaru da yawa, mun kuma horar da ma'aikata daga wasu ƙasashe. Shekaru da dama, cibiyarmu tana horar da ma'aikatan sojojin ruwa na Girka, kuma a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 2019, mun fara horar da ma'aikatan jiragen ruwa na Qatari, saboda yanzu kasar ta sayi jirage masu saukar ungulu NH-90. An tsara shirin horar da su na shekaru da yawa.

Italiyawa suna amfani da Modular Egress Training Simulator (METS) Model 40 na'urar horar da rayuwa wanda kamfanin Kanada Survival Systems Limited ya ƙera. Tsari ne na zamani wanda ke ba da damammakin horo kamar yadda Kwamanda Rambelli ya ce: “Mun ƙaddamar da wannan sabon na'urar kwaikwayo a watan Satumba na 2018 kuma yana ba mu damar horar da al'amura da yawa. Za mu iya, alal misali, horarwa a cikin tafkin tare da winch helicopter, wanda ba mu iya yi a baya ba. Amfanin wannan sabon tsarin shine zamu iya amfani da hanyoyin gaggawa guda takwas masu cirewa. Ta wannan hanyar za mu iya sake saita na'urar kwaikwayo don dacewa da fitowar gaggawa na EH-101, NH-90 ko AW-139 helikwafta, duk a kan na'ura ɗaya.

Ayyuka na aiki

Babban aikin ginin Luni shine dabaru da daidaita ma'aikatan tawagogin helikwafta guda biyu. Bugu da kari, tushe yana ba da aikin jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu da ke kan jiragen ruwa na Sojojin ruwa na Italiya da yin ayyuka a cikin gidajen wasan kwaikwayo masu nisa na ayyukan soja. Babban aikin duka rundunonin jirage masu saukar ungulu shi ne kula da shirye-shiryen yaƙi na ma'aikatan jirgin da ma'aikatan ƙasa, da kuma na'urorin hana ruwa gudu da kuma na'urorin hana ruwa gudu. Waɗannan rukunin kuma suna tallafawa ayyukan Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta 1st San Marco Regiment, sashin kai hari na Sojojin ruwan Italiya.

Sojojin ruwa na Italiya suna da jimillar jirage masu saukar ungulu 18 EH-101 a cikin nau'ikan iri uku daban-daban. Shida daga cikinsu suna cikin tsarin ZOP/ZOW (anti-submarine/ anti-submarine warfare), waɗanda aka sanya SH-101A a Italiya. Wasu hudu kuma jirage masu saukar ungulu don sa ido kan radar sararin samaniya da saman teku, wanda aka sani da EH-101A. A ƙarshe, takwas na ƙarshe sune jirage masu saukar ungulu na jigilar kayayyaki don tallafawa ayyukan haɓaka, sun karɓi nadi UH-101A.