Maz 509 juji

Don haka barka da safiya. A wannan lokacin na yanke shawarar gaya muku game da wannan babbar motar Soviet da na ƙaunace ni tun ina yaro. Zai zama alama, me yasa jahannama nake buƙatar wannan, kodayake ina zaune a Turai, kuma me yasa zan tuna da wannan dinosaur? Amma ina da kyakkyawan tunani game da shi: Na shafe lokaci mai yawa a cikin irin wannan bukka tun ina yaro, kuma ba a cikin ɗaya ba, amma akwai da yawa. Baba yana aiki a wurin ajiye motoci a lokacin, sai dama ta samu. Akwai kuma tarakta, da motar mai da wata tarakta. Eh babana yayi sa'ar tuka wannan tun kafin ma ya mallaki lasisin tuki. Tarakta ce mai tirela. Amma saboda wasu dalilai, tunaninsa bai yi kyau sosai ba, kamar yadda ya ce. Kuma zan yi farin ciki tun ina yaro idan zan iya jagorantar dodon karfe irin wannan! Amma duk wannan shi ne waka, a gaskiya, yanzu game da tarakta kanta. Infu gaskiya an kwafi daga inda ya kamata. Sai mu fara.

 

 

MAZ-500 ne Soviet truck samar a Minsk Automobile Shuka a 1963-1990. Motar samfurin da aka saki a 1958.

Na farko prototypes bayyana a 1958, da kuma matukin jirgi taro na manyan motoci fara a 1963. Na farko samar da motoci MAZ-500 birgima kashe taron line a watan Maris 1965. Disamba 31, 1965 na karshe mota na iyali MAZ No. 200 birgima kashe taron line, da kuma a 1966 da shuka gaba daya canza zuwa samar da motoci na iyali MAZ-500. Ba kamar wanda ya riga shi ba, MAZ-500 yana da tsarin injin taksi, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a rage nauyin motar dan kadan kuma ya kara tsayin dandali na kaya, wanda a ƙarshe ya haifar da karuwa a cikin nauyin 500 kg. kayatarwa.

Babban zaɓi shine MAZ-500 akan jirgin tare da dandamali na katako tare da ɗaukar nauyin kilogiram 7500 tare da ƙafar ƙafafun 3850 mm. Motar tana da siffa ta kayan ado na haƙarƙari 14 a tsaye, wanda aka makala a bangon baya na rukunin fasinja ta hanyar casing. Motocin an sanye su da akwatin gear mai sauri 5 tare da na'urori masu daidaitawa don manyan gears guda huɗu da tuƙin wuta. Godiya ga m engine MAZ-500 iya ja tirela tare da wani babban nauyi na 12 kg.

Sabuwar iyali "500th" wani layi ne na samfuri, wanda, ban da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban don motocin da ba a kwance ba, har ila yau sun haɗa da motar juji na MAZ-503, motar motar MAZ-504, mai ɗaukar katako na MAZ-509, da kayan aiki na musamman. MAZ-500 Sh.

A shekarar 1970, MAZ-500 aka maye gurbinsu da MAZ-500A da wheelbase karu da 100 mm (har zuwa 3950 mm) da kuma load iya aiki ya karu zuwa 8 ton. An daidaita ma'auni gabaɗaya zuwa ƙa'idodin Turai. An canza gear rabo na babban kaya, sakamakon abin da matsakaicin gudun mota ya karu daga 75 zuwa 85 km / h.

A waje, ƙarni na biyu na 500 za a iya bambanta ta sabon grille "checkered". Kayan da ke bayan taksi shima ya bace. Bayan ƙofofin, a matakin hannun ƙofar, mai maimaita sigina ya bayyana.

MAZ-500 da gyare-gyare ya kasance a samarwa har zuwa 1977, lokacin da aka maye gurbinsu da sabon iyali na MAZ-5335.

MAZ-500 iya aiki kullum a cikin cikakken rashi ko rashin aiki na lantarki kayan aiki, alal misali, fara kashe "tare da turawa" - da zane rasa cikakken zama dole lantarki aka gyara domin engine aiki, da kuma ikon tuƙi ya na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tuƙi. Godiya ga wannan fasalin, motar ta sami tabbaci na musamman da kuma tsira a cikin sojojin, inda aka yi amfani da shi cikin nasara duk da rashin kullun. A cikin wannan yanayin aiki, an cire rufewar kutse na rediyo gaba ɗaya.

Gyare-gyare:

MAZ-500Sh - chassis ga taro

MAZ-500V - a kan jirgin tare da wani karfe dandali

MAZ-500G - dogon tushe allon

MAZ-500S (MAZ-512) - Arewa version

MAZ-500Yu (MAZ-513) - version na wurare masu zafi

MAZ-505 - duk-dabaran drive.

Mai samarwa: MAZ

Shekaru na saki: 1965-1977

Zane

Nau'in Jiki: Motar da ke kwance, taksi sama da injin

Masarufi

BA-236

Kamfanin: YaMZ

Saukewa: YaMZ-236

Nau'in: injin dizal

Girman: 11 150 cm3

Matsakaicin iko: 180 hp a 2100 rpm

Matsakaicin karfin juyi: 667 nm, a 1500 rpm

Tsarin tsari: V6

Silinda: 6

Silinda diamita: 130mm

Tafiya: 140 mm

Matsakaicin matsawa: 16,5

Farashin: OHV

Zagaye (yawan zagayowar): 4

Odar harba Silinda: 1-4-2-5-3-6

Cutar kamuwa da cuta

5-manual manual

Kamfanin: YaMZ

Misali: 236

Nau'in: inji

Yawan matakai: 5 gudu.

Rage kaya:

Shafin 1:5,26

Shafin 2: 2,90

Shafin 3: 1,52

Shafin 4: 1,00

Shafin 5: 0,66

Shafin: 5,48

Tsarin sarrafawa: lever bene

Canjawa: manual

Babban ginshiƙin tuƙi yana da ninki biyu tare da gears na duniya a cikin ɗumbin ƙafafun, ƙimar gear shine 7,24.

Siffar

Mass-girma

Tsawo: 7140mm

Width: 2500 mm

Height: 2650 mm

Tsawon ƙasa: 270 mm

Alkama: 3850 mm

Tsayin baya: 1865 mm

Tsawon gaba: 1970 mm

Nauyin: 6500kg (shigar da kansa)

Babban nauyi: 14825 kg (tare da kaya)

Mai ƙarfi

Matsakaicin iyakar: 75 km / h

85 km/h (MAZ-500A)

A cikin shago

Magabata

MAZ-200

Magaji

MAZ-500A, MAZ-5335

Sauran

Iya aiki: 7500 kg,

Tirela mai nauyin nauyin kilogiram 12000

Amfanin mai: 25 l/100km

Girman tanki: 200 l

MAZ-509 dillalin katako ne na Tarayyar Soviet wanda aka kera a Shuka Automobile Plant na Minsk.

MAZ-509P aka samar daga 1966 zuwa 1969. Daga 1966 zuwa 1978 MAZ-509. Daga 1978 zuwa 1990 MAZ-509A. Kamar motar dakon kaya, wheelbase ya karu zuwa 3950 mm. Bambance-bambance tsakanin MAZ-509 da model 509P":

clutch guda biyu,

sauran lambobin shari'ar canja wuri,

500 kg fiye da nauyin nauyi,

sauran lambobin gearbox,

gaban axle tare da na al'ada dabara rage gears (ba planetary.

A farko MAZ-509 (samar a 1969-1970), da taksi yana da wannan datsa kamar MAZ-500.

Mai ɗaukar katako yayi aiki tare da tirela na rushewar axle biyu:

GKB-9383 ya da

Saukewa: TMZ-803M.

A shekarar 1973, MAZ-509 katako dako samu jihar Quality Mark.

Tun 1978 ya fara samar da katako na MAZ-509A. Samu bambance-bambancen waje na sabunta dangin MAZ-5334/35

Bayanin Gida

Mai samarwa: MAZ

Shekaru na saki: 1966-1990

Zane

Zane: Cikakku

Dabarun dabara: 4×4

Masarufi

BA-236

Cutar kamuwa da cuta

BA-236

Siffar

Mass-girma

Tsawon Layi: 6770 mm

Width: 2600 mm

Height: 2913 mm

Tsawon ƙasa: 300 mm

Alkama: 3950 mm

Tsayin baya: 1900 mm

Tsawon gaba: 1950 mm

Mai ƙarfi

Matsakaicin iyakar: 60 km / h

A cikin shago

Magabata

MAZ-501

Magaji

MAZ-5434

Sauran

Girman tanki: 175 l

Cire bulala ta manyan motocin katako MAZ-509P da 501B. Loda bulala na mast. 1971

MAZ 509 katako mai ɗaukar katako - sanannen sufuri na musamman na zamanin Soviet

A cikin lokacin yakin basasa a cikin USSR, ci gaban masana'antu ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da karuwar yawan jigilar kaya ba. Daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin kera motoci a wancan lokacin ita ce kamfanin Minsk Automobile Plant. A cikin 60s, wannan shuka ya fara samar da sababbin manyan motoci, wanda ya karbi sunan MAZ-500. Bugu da kari, masana'anta bisa wannan motar ta samar da wasu na'urori na musamman, ciki har da motocin da aka kera don gudanar da ayyukan sare-tsalle. Motocin da aka yi amfani da su don jigilar katako sun sami sunan su - MAZ-509.

Motar katako MAZ-509

MAZ-509 wani tarakta sanye take da narkar da tirela. An dade ana samar da masu ɗaukar katako bisa jerin manyan motocin MAZ 500, a lokacin samar da su an sabunta su sau biyu. An fara samar da manyan motocin katako na MAZ a cikin 1966 tare da samfurin MAZ-509P.

MAZ-509P jerin gwaji ne tare da ba manyan wurare dabam dabam na motoci. Samar da wannan sigar bai daɗe ba, sai 1969.

Nan da nan bayan fara samar da samfurin MAZ-509P, masu zanen shuka sun fara nema da kuma kawar da gazawar wannan motar. A sakamakon wannan shi ne kusan a layi daya samar da wani dan kadan inganta model - MAZ-509. Samar da wannan samfurin ya fi tsayi: serial samar ya fara a 1966 kuma ya ƙare a 1978.

MAZ-509 model aka maye gurbinsu a shekarar 1978 da wani katako mai ɗaukar hoto tare da nadi MAZ-509A. Ita ce dillalin katako na ƙarshe da aka gina akan jerin manyan motocin MAZ 500. MAZ-509A model aka samar har 1990.

Motar daukar hoto MAZ-509

Kayan siffofi

Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, an gina katako mai ɗaukar katako a kan MAZ-500, amma yana da bambance-bambance masu yawa. A wannan lokacin, duk manyan motocin MAZ sun kasance daga cikin mafi zamani a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, amma dangane da watsa katako, mai ɗaukar katako ya ɗan bambanta da MAZ-500.

Kamfanin wutar lantarki MAZ-509 bai bambanta da samfurori na jerin 500th ba, wani sabon rukunin wutar lantarki YaMZ-236 ne. Wannan injin silinda 6 ne, tare da tsarin silinda mai nau'in V, yana da tsarin sanyaya ruwa. Its ikon ya isa ya samar da duka biyu truck da wani katako dako a kan talakawan mota MAZ-500.

Amma watsa da aka yi amfani da MAZ-509 ya ɗan bambanta da sauran model. Mai ɗaukar katako ya zama motar farko na masana'antar Minsk, wacce aka sanye da duk abin hawa. Bugu da kari, an gyara akwatin gear don motar katako. Domin MAZ-509 model, shi ne 5-gudun, kuma gear rabo daga cikin akwatin ma bambanta. Da farko, an shigar da gatari na gaba tare da kayan aiki na duniya akan manyan motocin katako, wanda da sauri aka yi watsi da su don neman tsarin gada na al'ada.

Semi-trailers da aka yi amfani da su

Don jigilar itace ta wannan tarakta, an yi amfani da tireloli biyu na rushewa: GKB-9383 da TMZ-803M. Waɗannan tirelolin sun kasance masu aksulu biyu kuma an sanye su da tsarin jujjuyawar kai. Wannan dabarar ta ba da damar nade keken daga tirelar a loda shi a kan tarakta. Lokacin da ba a yi amfani da keken ba kuma aka ɗora a kan tarakta, MAZ-509 mai tsayi biyu ne, amma lokacin da ya zama dole don jigilar katako, tirelar ta buɗe kuma mai ɗaukar katako ya zama axle hudu, tare da axles guda biyu. Yin amfani da wadannan narkar da tirela ya ba da damar jigilar katako daga 17 zuwa 27 m tsayi a kan MAZ-509.

Технические характеристики

Halayen fasaha na MAZ-509 mai ɗaukar katako:

Siffar	Alamar	na'urar aunawa
Tsawon (tare da tirela mai ninke)	millimita	6770
Wide	millimita	2600
Tsayi	millimita	2900
Distance tsakanin axles	millimita	3950
Izini	millimita	300
Nauyin kayan aiki	kg	8800
Powerplant	nau'in	YaMZ-236, dizal, 6 cylinders
Yawan aiki	я	11.15
Makamashi	Horsarfin doki	200
Cutar kamuwa da cuta	nau'in	mech., 5 gudu.,
Dabarar dabaran (trailer naɗe / buɗe)	nau'in	4x4 / 8x4
Matsakaicin amfani da mai	l / 100 km	48
Girma mafi girma	kilomita awa daya	sittin da biyar
Tireloli masu amfani	nau'in	GKB-9383, TMZ-803
Matsakaicin dagawa iya aiki	ku ne	21
Matsakaicin tsayin itacen da aka ɗauka	mita	27

Bidiyon motar motar MAZ-509:

Canji

Jerin manyan motocin katako na MAZ-509 sun ƙunshi nau'ikan nau'ikan guda uku waɗanda suka ɗan bambanta da juna. Idan muka kwatanta model MAZ-509P da MAZ-509, da suka yi bambance-bambance a cikin fasaha part.

Samfurin gwaji MAZ-509P an sanye shi da nau'in faranti guda ɗaya, yana da axle na gaba tare da bambancin duniya.

Amma a kan MAZ-509, an maye gurbin kama tare da diski biyu, an canza gada, an canza ma'auni na gearbox da kuma canja wurin akwati, wanda ya haifar da karuwa a cikin sauri da ƙarfin kaya. Amma a waje, waɗannan nau'ikan guda biyu ba su bambanta da juna ba, an sanye su da taksi na MAZ-500.

Bambance-bambance tsakanin MAZ-509 da MAZ-509A model an rage gaba daya zuwa bayyanar. An riga an shigar da taksi daga motar MAZ-5335 akan samfurin MAZ-509A na baya. Daga bangaren fasaha, 509 da 509A ba su bambanta ba.

Bita na bidiyo na motar katako MAZ-509A:

Katako truck MAZ-509 daga most Tarayyar Soviet manufacturer

Kamar yadda kuka sani, duk wani yaki ba dade ko ba jima yana ƙarewa cikin aminci. Sabili da haka, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa Tarayyar Soviet, bayan da ta ci nasara a Jamus a zamaninta, bayan ƙarshen tashin hankali, ta fara mayar da hankali ga dukiyoyin da aka lalata. Ya tafi ba tare da faɗi cewa kowane gini yana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman ba. Dangane da haka, wani nauyi na musamman ya fado a kan masana'antar kera motoci ta Minsk, wacce ta fara samar da nata katako. Za mu yi magana game da wannan a cikin wannan labarin kuma gano, musamman, nawa ma'auni na MAZ-509.

 

An sabunta tashar mota

Da farko, jerin 500th, wanda wannan motar ta kasance, ta ci gaba kuma har zuwa wani lokaci ya juya tunanin Soviet injiniyoyi da direbobi. Kuma duk saboda masu haɓaka motar sun ba da shawarar sanya injin kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin taksi, kuma ba a gabanta ba, kamar yadda yake a da. Bugu da kari, taksi kanta ya sami damar yin tip, wanda ya sa ya zama mai sauƙi don isa ga mahimman abubuwan MAZ-509. Bugu da kari, rashin kaho ya sa aka iya kara tsayin daukacin babbar motar da kuma kara karfin daukarsa. Da farko, irin wannan tsarin aikin injiniya ya cika da ƙiyayya, amma ƙwarewar ƙasashen waje ya nuna cewa irin waɗannan injinan suna da yuwuwa, don haka hukumar fasaha ta amince da aikin.

Fara farawa

Afrilu 6, 1966 taro na farko kwafin MAZ-509P fara. An samar da wannan mai ɗaukar katako, kamar yadda suke faɗa, yanki guda ɗaya kuma yana da wasu kurakurai, waɗanda aka kawar da su da sauri a kan injunan da aka gama.

Siffofin fasaha na wannan motar suna da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci daga motocin da kamfanin Minsk ya kera a baya. Bari mu fara da cewa MAZ-509 axles kasance duk-dabaran drive, da kuma wannan naúrar ya zama daya kawai wanda ya shiga cikin jerin.

Canjin cancanta

A hankali gyaran fasaha na zamani na mota ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa zai iya tafiya da sauri. Gudun motar ya karu daga kilomita 60/h zuwa 65 km/h, wanda hakan ya yiwu ta hanyar canza ma'aunin gear na akwati. MAZ-509 bambanta daga iyayensa a cikin cewa yana da fadi da wheelbase, darajar wanda nan da nan ya karu da 10 santimita. Har ila yau, clutch biyu-faifai ya bayyana kuma ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi ya ƙaru (da rabin tan). Har ila yau an sami canje-canje a gaban axle: an shigar da akwatunan gear na al'ada maimakon na duniya.

Manufar

MAZ-509, firam ɗin wanda aka bambanta ta hanyar ƙãra rigidity, an ɓullo da shi don jigilar katako tare da hanyoyi na musamman da kuma hanyoyin kariya. A lokaci guda kuma, ya sami damar shiga aikin katako. Domin tabbatar da ingantacciyar yanayin lodi da saukewa, tun 1969 na'urar an sanye ta da winch tare da sirdi mai jujjuya da ƙafafu masu nadawa. Mahayin ya iya jure nauyi mai nauyin kilogiram 5500. Motar da aka kammala da narkar da tirela: TMZ-803M ko GBK-9383. Wadannan hanyoyin suna da gatari guda biyu da na’ura mai sarrafa kanta, wanda hakan ya sa idan ya cancanta, a nade tirelar bogie a kai shi zuwa tarakta. A zamanin da ba a yi amfani da trolley ɗin da ake lodawa a kan tarakta, MAZ ya zama mai kauri biyu. Lokacin da ake buƙatar jigilar itace.

Технические характеристики

Mai ɗaukar katako yana dogara ne akan firam ɗin rive wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu hatimi. Axles suna da abin dogaro na bazara, na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto mai ɗaukar motsi biyu ana shigar da su gaba. Ana amfani da injin dizal mai ƙarfi YaMZ-180 mai ƙarfi 236 azaman rukunin wuta. Injin yana da silinda 6 da aka tsara a siffar V. Ana ba da man fetur ta hanyar famfo mai matsa lamba na inji sanye da mai sarrafa saurin centrifugal.

Injin yana da tsarin sanyaya ruwa mai tilastawa. A wata bukata kuma, an sanya injin dumama ruwa akan manyan motocin katako. Na'urar ta sauƙaƙa don kunna injin a yanayin zafi na yanayi har zuwa -40 ° C. Ana gudanar da samar da mai a cikin tankuna 2 mai dauke da lita 175 na ruwa kowace.

Akwatin gear yana da saurin gaba guda 5. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da yanayin canja wuri wanda ke rarraba juzu'i tsakanin axles. Zane na tuƙi yana da bambancin tsakiya wanda ke ƙara patency. Ana shigar da igiyoyi na Cardan tare da haɗin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin yanayin canja wuri da gidajen axle. An shigar da ƙafafun tagwaye akan gatari na baya. Tayoyin suna da daidaitaccen tsarin hanya, amma akwai nau'ikan motar tare da tayoyin kashe-kashe.

Tsarin birki na abin hawa mai nau'in ganga mai tuƙi mai huhu. Tushen iskar da aka matsa shine kwampreso da aka ɗora akan sashin wutar lantarki. Motar dai tana amfani da kayan wutan lantarki mai karfin V 24. Tutiya tana dauke da na'urar kara kuzari.

Duba kuma: Wayoyin mota na MAZ da kawar da ita

Girma da halayen fasaha na motar:

• tsawon - 6770 mm;
• nisa - 2600mm;
• tsawo (tare da gefen shinge, ba tare da kaya ba) - 3000 mm;
• tsawo a cikin matsayi na sufuri (tare da rushewa da aka sanya a kan tarakta) - 3660 mm;
• tushe - 3950 mm;
• gaba / baya dabaran hanya - 1950/1900 mm;
• mafi ƙarancin izinin ƙasa (ƙarƙashin gidaje na baya) - 310 mm;
• taro rushewa tare da kaya - 21000 kg;
• matsakaicin nauyin jirgin kasa - 30 kg;
• amfani da man fetur (misali, tare da kaya) - 48 lita da 100 kilomita;
• saurin motsi (tare da kaya) - 60 km / h;
• nisan da ake buƙata don tsayawa (daga 40 km / h akan busassun ƙasa da ƙasa) - 21 m;
• daga kusurwa (a cikakken kaya) - 12 °.

Halayen da truck damar safarar sawn katako tare da tsawon 6,5 zuwa 30,0 m, musamman trailer-rusar model GKB-9383 ko TMZ-803M da ake amfani da su sa iyakar shafts. Tirelar tana sanye da axle mai jujjuyawar axle 2 wanda ke sarrafa kebul.

Tarakta yana da kayan aiki na musamman waɗanda ke ba ka damar loda maganin a bayan babbar mota.

A cikin wannan nau'i, injin yana da ɗan gajeren tsayi, wanda ya sa ya yiwu ya motsa tsakanin wuraren aiki a kan hanyoyin jama'a. Akwatin gear ɗin daban ce ta tuƙa da ganga ɗin.

An shigar da wani gida mai kujeru 3 na duk wani nau'in ƙarfe na tsarin walda a kan mai ɗaukar katako. Gidan yana da kofofin gefe guda 2 da wani wurin zama daban. Don samun damar naúrar wutar lantarki, naúrar tana jingina gaba akan hinges na musamman. Gilashin zamewa a cikin kofofin, tsarin gogewa da tsarin dumama tare da fan an haɗa su azaman daidaitattun. Taksi tana da wurin zama na direba daban wanda za'a iya daidaita shi ta hanyoyi da yawa.

Canji

Kamfanin Minsk Automobile Shuka ya samar da bambance-bambancen nau'ikan motar katako:

1. Ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan farko shine samfurin 509P, wanda aka ba wa abokan ciniki kawai shekaru 3 (tun 1966). Motar ta yi amfani da gatari mai tuƙi na gaba tare da gears na duniya akan cibiyoyi. Watsawa yana amfani da busassun kama tare da faifan aiki 1.
2. A shekara ta 1969, an saka motar motar da aka sabunta ta zamani 509. An bambanta motar ta hanyar tsarin tsarin kamawa, gyaran gyare-gyaren kaya a cikin akwati na canja wuri da akwatin gear. Don sauƙaƙe ƙira, an fara amfani da sprockets cylindrical a kan gatari na gaba. Haɓaka ƙira ya ba da damar haɓaka ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi ta 500 kg.
3. Tun 1978 ya fara samar da MAZ-509A, wanda samu irin wannan gyare-gyare ga asali version na truck. Don dalilai da ba a san su ba, ba a ba motar sabon suna ba. Canjin waje shine canja wurin fitilun fitilun mota zuwa gaba. Wani sabon grille na ado ya bayyana a cikin ɗakin tare da haɗakar fitilu a cikin harsashi maimakon ramuka don fitilun mota. Direbobin birki sun sami wani keɓantaccen da'irar axle.