Keɓaɓɓen rayuwar Kanar Jozef Beck

Abubuwa

Wani lokaci yakan faru cewa murya mai mahimmanci a cikin aikin ɗan siyasa na matarsa ne. A zamanin yau, ana yayata wannan game da Billy da Hillary Clinton; irin wannan lamari ya faru a tarihin jamhuriyar Poland ta biyu. Jozef Beck ba zai taba samun irin wannan kyakkyawan aiki ba idan ba don matarsa ta biyu, Jadwiga ba.

Kafin shiga fagen duniya, Jozef Beck ya gudanar da daidaita al'amuransa mafi mahimmanci, wato, ya saki matarsa ta farko kuma ya auri Jadwiga Salkowska (hoton), wanda aka sake shi daga Manjo Janar Stanislav Burchardt-Bukacki.

Wani lokaci yakan faru cewa murya mai mahimmanci a cikin aikin ɗan siyasa na matarsa ne. A zamanin yau, ana yayata wannan game da Billy da Hillary Clinton; irin wannan lamari ya faru a tarihin jamhuriyar Poland ta biyu. Jozef Beck ba zai taba samun irin wannan kyakkyawan aiki ba idan ba don matarsa ta biyu, Jadwiga ba.

A cikin dangin Beck

An yi ta yada bayanai masu karo da juna game da asalin wazirin na gaba. An ce shi zuriyar wani jirgin ruwa ne na Flemish wanda ya shiga hidimar Commonwealth a ƙarshen karni na XNUMX, akwai kuma bayanin cewa kakan iyali ɗan ƙasar Jamus ne Holstein. Wasu kuma sun yi iƙirarin cewa Beks sun fito ne daga masu martaba na Courland, wanda, duk da haka, da alama ba zai yiwu ba. An kuma san cewa a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Hans Frank yana neman tushen Yahudawa na dangin minista, amma ya kasa tabbatar da wannan hasashe.

Iyalin Beck sun zauna a Biala Podlaska shekaru da yawa, na cikin ƙungiyoyin jama'a na gida - kakana ma'aikacin gidan waya ne kuma mahaifina lauya ne. Duk da haka, an haifi Kanar na gaba a Warsaw (Oktoba 4, 1894), kuma ya yi masa baftisma shekaru biyu bayan haka a cikin Cocin Orthodox na St. Triniti a cikin ginshiki. Hakan ya faru ne saboda cewa mahaifiyar Jozef, Bronislav, ta fito daga dangin Uniate, kuma bayan rushe Cocin Katolika na Girka da hukumomin Rasha suka yi, an amince da dukan al'ummar a matsayin Orthodox. An karɓi Jozef Beck cikin Cocin Roman Katolika bayan dangin sun zauna a Limanovo, Galicia.

Waziri mai zuwa yana da matasa masu guguwa. Ya halarci gidan wasan motsa jiki a Limanovo, amma matsalolin ilimi sun sa ya fuskanci matsalolin kammala shi. Daga karshe ya sami shaidar kammala karatunsa na sakandare a Krakow, sannan ya yi karatu a Lviv a jami'ar fasaha ta gida, kuma bayan shekara guda ya koma Kwalejin Kasuwancin Waje a Vienna. Bai kammala karatunsa a wannan jami'a ba saboda barkewar yakin duniya na farko. Daga nan ya shiga Legions, ya fara aikin bindigu a matsayin mai harbi (mai zaman kansa). Ya nuna iyawa sosai; Nan da nan ya sami basirar hafsa kuma ya ƙare yaƙin da mukamin kyaftin.

A 1920 ya auri Maria Slominskaya, kuma a watan Satumba 1926 aka haifi dansu Andrzej. Akwai ƴan bayanai game da Uwargida Beck ta farko, amma an san cewa ta kasance mace mai kyan gaske. Ta kasance kyakkyawa mai kyau, - tunawa da jami'in diflomasiyyar Vaclav Zbyshevsky, - tana da murmushi mai ban sha'awa, cike da alheri da fara'a, da kyawawan kafafu; to a karon farko a tarihi akwai salon riguna zuwa gwiwoyi - kuma a yau na tuna cewa ba zan iya kawar da idanuna daga gwiwowinta ba. A cikin 1922-1923 Beck shi ne jami'in soja na Poland a Paris, kuma a cikin 1926 ya goyi bayan Jozef Piłsudski a lokacin juyin mulkin Mayu. Har ma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a yakin, kasancewarsa babban hafsan hafsoshin 'yan tawayen. Aminci, ƙwarewar soja da cancanta sun isa aikin soja, kuma Beck ya ƙaddara makomarsa ta hanyar cewa ya sadu da mace mai kyau a kan hanyarsa.

Jadwiga Salkowska

A nan gaba ministan, kawai 'yar wani nasara lauya Vaclav Salkovsky da Jadwiga Slavetskaya, an haife shi a watan Oktoba 1896 a Lublin. Gidan iyali yana da wadata; mahaifina ya kasance mashawarcin shari'a ga masana'antar sukari da yawa da bankin Cukrownictwa, ya kuma shawarci masu mallakar gida. Yarinyar ta kammala karatun digiri na Aniela Warecka a Warsaw kuma ta kware a harsunan Jamusanci, Faransanci da Italiyanci. Kyakkyawan yanayin kuɗi na iyali ya ba ta damar ziyartar Italiya da Faransa a kowace shekara (tare da mahaifiyarta).

A lokacin yakin duniya na daya, ta sadu da Kyaftin Stanisław Burkhadt-Bukacki; wannan sanin ya ƙare da daurin aure. Bayan yakin, ma'auratan zauna a Modlin, inda Bukatsky ya zama (riga a cikin matsayi na Laftanar Kanar) kwamandan na 8th Infantry Division. Shekaru biyu bayan ƙarshen yaƙin, an haifi ’yarsu tilo mai suna Joanna a wurin.

Aure kuwa sai kara ta'azzara yake yi, daga karshe suka yanke shawarar rabuwa. An sauƙaƙe yanke shawara ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa kowannensu ya riga ya tsara makomar gaba tare da abokin tarayya daban. Game da Jadwiga, shi ne Józef Beck, kuma ana buƙatar yardar mutane da yawa don magance wani yanayi mai wuyar gaske. Aiki mafi sauri (kuma mafi arha) shine canjin addini - sauyi zuwa ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin Furotesta. Rabuwar ma'auratan biyu sun tafi lafiya, bai cutar da dangantakar Bukatsky ba (ya sami matsayi na janar) tare da Beck. Ba mamaki mutane suka yi barkwanci a kan titi a Warsaw:

Jami'in ya tambayi jami'in na biyu, "A ina za ku yi Kirsimeti?" Amsa: A cikin iyali. Kuna cikin babban rukuni? "To, matata za ta kasance a wurin, angon matata, angona, mijinta da matar auren matata." Wannan sabon yanayi ya taba baiwa ministan harkokin wajen Faransa Jean Barthou mamaki. An yi wa Becky karin kumallo don girmama shi, kuma Burkhadt-Bukatsky ma yana cikin bakin da aka gayyata. Jakadan Faransa Jules Laroche bai samu lokacin da zai gargadi maigidansa ba game da takamaiman matsayin aure na masu shi, kuma dan siyasar ya shiga tattaunawa da Jadwiga game da al'amuran maza da mata:

Madame Bekova, Laroche ya tuna, ya yi jayayya cewa dangantakar aure na iya zama mara kyau, wanda, duk da haka, bai hana su ci gaba da dangantakar abokantaka ba bayan hutu. A wata hujja, ta bayyana cewa a teburi daya ne tsohon mijinta, wanda ta tsani haka, amma har yanzu tana sonsa a matsayinsa na mutum.

Faransawa sun yi tunanin cewa uwar gida tana wasa, amma lokacin da 'yar Misis Bekova ta bayyana a teburin, Jadwiga ya umarce ta da ta sumbace mahaifinta. Kuma, ga Bart ta firgita, yarinyar "ta jefa kanta a hannun janar." Maryamu kuma ta sake yin aure; ta yi amfani da sunan mahaifinta na biyu (Yanishevskaya). Bayan barkewar yakin, ta yi hijira tare da danta zuwa yamma. Andrzej Beck ya yi yaƙi a cikin sahu na sojojin Poland, sannan ya zauna a Amurka tare da mahaifiyarsa. Ya sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Rutgers a New Jersey, ya yi aiki a matsayin injiniya, ya kafa nasa kamfani. Ya yi aiki sosai a cikin ƙungiyoyi na ƙasashen Poland, ya kasance mataimakin shugaban kasa kuma shugaban Cibiyar Jozef Pilsudski a New York. Ya rasu a shekara ta 2011; Har yanzu ba a san ranar da mahaifiyarsa ta rasu ba.

Bayan barkewar yakin duniya na farko, Jozef Beck ya katse karatunsa kuma ya shiga cikin sojojin Poland. Aka nada shi

zuwa ga makamin birgediya ta 1916. Da yake shiga cikin fadan, ya bambanta kansa a tsakanin wasu yayin ayyukan da ake yi a gaban Rasha a yakin Kostyukhnovka a watan Yuli na XNUMX, lokacin da ya ji rauni.

Maigirma Ministan Harkokin Waje

Sabuwar Misis Beck ta kasance mutum mai kishi, mai yiwuwa tana da babban burin dukan matan manyan mutane (ba tare da kirga abokin tarayya na Eduard Smigly-Rydz ba). Ba ta gamsu da aikin matar jami'in ba - bayan haka, mijinta na farko yana da matsayi mai daraja. Mafarinta shine tafiya, don sanin duniya mai kyau, amma ba ta so ta bar Poland har abada. Ba ta da sha'awar matsayin diflomasiyya; ta yi imanin cewa mijinta zai iya yin aiki a Ofishin Harkokin Waje. Ita kuma ta damu matuka da kyawun surar mijinta. A lokacin da Beck, Laroche ya tuna, shi ne Mataimakin Sakatare na Gwamnati a Fadar Shugaban Majalisar Ministoci, an lura cewa ya bayyana a wuraren bukukuwa a cikin rigar wutsiya, kuma ba a cikin kakin. Nan take aka koyi darasi daga wannan. Ko da mahimmin mahimmancin shi ne yadda Mrs. Bekova ta samu daga gare shi alƙawarin kauracewa shan barasa.

Jadwiga ya sani sarai cewa barasa na lalata sana’o’i da yawa, kuma a cikin mutanen Piłsudski akwai mutane da yawa masu irin wannan muradin. Kuma ta kasance tana da cikakken iko akan lamarin. Laroche ta tuna yadda, a lokacin liyafar cin abinci a ofishin jakadancin Romania, Misis Beck ta ɗauki gilashin shampagne daga mijinta, tana cewa: “Ya isa haka.

An san burin Jadwiga a ko'ina, har ma sun zama batun zanen cabaret na Marian Hemar - "Dole ne ku zama minista." Labari ne, - Mira Ziminskaya-Sigienskaya ya tuna, - game da wata mace da ke son zama minista. Kuma ta gaya wa maigidanta, mai martaba, abin da za a yi, abin da za a saya, abin da zai tsara, irin kyautar da za ta ba wa matar don ta zama minista. Wannan mai martaba ya bayyana: Zan tsaya a wurina na yanzu, muna zaune shiru, muna zaune lafiya - ba ku da kyau? Sai ta ci gaba da cewa, dole ne ka zama minista, dole ne ka zama minista. Na aiwatar da wannan zane: Na yi ado, na sanya turare, na bayyana cewa zan shirya shirin farko, cewa maigidana zai zama minista, domin ya zama minista.

Shan kashi a cikin fadace-fadace, ya bambanta kansa a tsakanin sauran a lokacin da ake gudanar a kan Rasha gaban a yakin Kostyukhnovka a Yuli 1916, a lokacin da ya samu rauni.

Sai Mrs. Bekkova, wanda na ƙaunace ta sosai, domin ita mace ce mai dadi, mai ladabi - a cikin rayuwar minista ban ga kayan ado masu arziki ba, kullum tana sa tufafin azurfa kawai - don haka Misis Bekkova ta ce: "Hey Mira, Na sani, na san wanda kuke tunani, na sani, na san wanda kuke tunani ... ".

Jozef Beck ya samu nasarar matsawa matakin aiki. Ya zama mataimakin firaminista sannan kuma mataimakin ministan harkokin waje. Burin matarsa shi ne ta zama minista a gare shi; Ta san cewa maigidan nasa, August Zaleski, ba mutumin Piłsudski ba ne, kuma dole ne sarkin ya sanya mataimaki mai kula da wata babbar ma’aikata. Shigar da shugaban diflomasiyyar Poland ya ba wa Becks tabbacin zama na dindindin a Warsaw tare da mafi girman damar yin balaguro a duniya. Kuma a cikin wani sosai m duniya.

Rashin hankali sakatare

Wani abu mai ban sha'awa shine abubuwan tunawa na Pavel Starzhevsky ("Trzy lata z Beck"), babban sakataren minista a 1936-1939. Marubucin, ba shakka, ya mayar da hankali ga ayyukan siyasa na Beck, amma ya ba da wasu lokuta da suka ba da haske mai ban sha'awa ga matarsa, musamman ma akan dangantakar da ke tsakanin su.

Starzhevsky cikakken son darektan, amma kuma ya ga shortcomings. Ya yaba da “babban fara’arsa”, “madaidaicin hankali”, da “wuta ta ciki mai ci ta koyaushe” tare da kamanni natsuwa. Beck yana da kyakkyawan bayyanar - tsayi, kyakkyawa, ya yi kyau duka a cikin tailcoat da kuma cikin uniform. Duk da haka, shugaban diplomasiyyar Poland yana da kasawa mai tsanani: ya ƙi tsarin mulki kuma ba ya so ya magance "takardu". Ya dogara ga "abin mamaki na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya" kuma bai taɓa samun wani rubutu akan teburinsa ba. Ofishin minista a fadar Brühl ya shaida wa mai haya - an zana shi a cikin sautin karfe, an yi wa bangon ado da hotuna biyu kawai (Pilsudski da Stefan Batory). Sauran kayan aikin an rage su zuwa ga buƙatun: tebur (ko da yaushe babu komai, ba shakka), gado mai matasai, da ƴan kujerun hannu. Bugu da ƙari, kayan ado na fadar bayan sake gina 1937 ya haifar da babbar muhawara:

Duk da yake bayyanar da fadar, Starzhevsky tuna, da style da kuma tsohon kyau da aka kiyaye daidai, wanda aka ƙwarai sauƙaƙe da samu na asali tsare-tsaren daga Dresden, ta ciki ado bai dace da bayyanarsa. Ba ya gushewa yana ɓata mini rai; madubai da yawa, da ginshiƙan filigree, iri-iri na marmara da aka yi amfani da su a wurin sun ba da ra'ayi na ci gaban harkokin kuɗi, ko kuma, kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin jami'an diflomasiyyar ƙasashen waje ya faɗi daidai: gidan wanka a Czechoslovakia.

Tun Nuwamba 1918 a cikin Yaren mutanen Poland Army. A matsayinsa na shugaban batirin doki, ya yi yaƙi a cikin sojojin Ukraine har zuwa Fabrairu 1919. Ya halarci kwasa-kwasan soja a Makarantar Janar na Ma'aikata a Warsaw daga Yuni zuwa Nuwamba 1919. A 1920 ya zama shugaban wani sashe a Sashen na biyu na Janar Janar na Sojan Poland. A cikin 1922-1923 ya kasance ma'aikacin soja a Paris da Brussels.

Duk da haka, bude ginin ya yi rashin tausayi sosai. Kafin ziyarar aiki na Sarkin Romania, Charles II, an yanke shawarar shirya wani bita na sutura. An gudanar da liyafar cin abincin dare don girmama ma'aikatan ministan da marubucin sake gina fadar, mai ginin Bogdan Pnevsky. Lamarin ya ƙare da taimakon likita.

Dangane da lafiyar Bek, Pniewski ya so, bin misalin Jerzy Lubomirski daga Ambaliyar ruwa, ya karya kwalaben crystal a kansa. Duk da haka, wannan ya kasa, kuma gilashin ya zube lokacin da aka jefa shi a kan bene na marmara, kuma Pnevsky mai rauni ya kira motar asibiti.

Kuma ta yaya mutum ba zai yi imani da alamu da tsinkaya ba? Fadar Brühl ta wanzu na wasu 'yan shekaru kaɗan kawai, kuma bayan Tashin Warsaw an rusa shi sosai har yau babu alamar wannan kyakkyawan ginin ...

Har ila yau, Starzhevsky bai ɓoye jarabar darektan ga barasa ba. Ya ce a birnin Geneva, bayan kammala aikin yini, Beck yana son ya shafe sa'o'i da yawa a hedkwatar tawagar, yana shan ruwan inabi tare da matasa. Mutanen sun kasance tare da mata - matan ma'aikatan kamfanin Poland, kuma Kanar ya ce da murmushi cewa bai taba kaurace wa ba.

Titus Komarnicki, wakilin Poland na dogon lokaci a Ƙungiyar Al'ummai ya yi wani ra'ayi mafi muni. Beck ya fara daukar matarsa zuwa Geneva (tabbatar da cewa ta gundura a can); a tsawon lokaci, saboda dalilai na "siyasa", ya fara zuwa shi kadai. Bayan sun tattauna, sai ya ɗanɗana barasar da ya fi so daga idon matarsa. Komarnicki ya yi korafin cewa dole ne ya saurari maganar Beck marar iyaka game da manufarsa ta sake fasalin siyasar Turai har zuwa safiya.

A 1925 ya sauke karatu daga soja Academy a Warsaw. A lokacin juyin mulkin Mayu 1926, ya goyi bayan Marshal Jozef Pilsudski, kasancewarsa babban hafsan hafsoshin sojojinsa, Rukunin Operation na Janar Gustav Orlicz-Drescher. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan juyin mulkin - a watan Yuni 1926 - ya zama shugaban majalisar ministocin War J. Pilsudski.

Mai yiyuwa ne abokan aikinsa da manyan jami’an gwamnati sun taimaka wajen kawar da matar ministan. Yana da wuya kada a yi murmushi lokacin da Yadviga ya tuna da mahimmanci:

Ya kasance kamar haka: Firayim Minista Slavek ya kira ni, wanda yake so ya gan ni a kan wani abu mai mahimmanci kuma a asirce daga mijina. Ina yi masa rahoto. Yana da labari daga ma'aikatar cikin gida tamu, daga 'yan sandan Switzerland, cewa akwai damuwa da suka dace game da harin da aka kai wa Minista Beck. Lokacin da ya sauka a otal, tuƙi tare da ni yana da wahala sosai. Swiss ta tambaye shi ya zauna a cikin Ofishin Jakadancin Yaren mutanen Poland. Babu isasshen sarari, don haka yakamata ya tafi ita kaɗai.

- Yaya kuke tunanin shi? Tashi gobe da safe, an shirya komai. Menene zan yi don daina tafiya ba zato ba tsammani?

- Yi abin da kuke so. Dole ne ya tuƙi shi kaɗai, ba zai iya sanin cewa ina magana da ku ba.

Slavek ba togiya; Janusz Yendzheevich ya yi daidai da wannan hanya. An sake samun fargaba game da yiwuwar kai wa ministan hari, kuma Jozef ya je Geneva shi kadai. Kuma an san cewa haɗin kai na maza a wasu lokuta yana iya yin abubuwan al'ajabi ...

Waziri yana son fita daga idon Jadwiga, sannan ya zama kamar dalibin banza. Tabbas, dole ne ya tabbata cewa zai iya zama wanda ba a sani ba. Kuma irin waɗannan lokuta ba su da yawa, amma sun kasance. Bayan ya zauna a Italiya (ba tare da matarsa ba), ya zaɓi hanyar jirgin sama maimakon komawa gida ta jirgin kasa. An kashe lokacin adanawa a Vienna. Tun da farko, ya aika wani amintaccen mutum zuwa wurin don ya shirya gidaje a kan Danube. Ministan ya kasance tare da Starzhevsky, kuma bayaninsa yana da ban sha'awa sosai.

Da farko, mazan sun je wasan opera don wasan kwaikwayo na The Knight of the Silver Rose na Richard Strauss. Beck, duk da haka, ba zai ciyar da dukan maraice a irin wannan wuri mai daraja ba, saboda yana da isasshen irin wannan nishaɗi a kowace rana. A lokacin hutu ne ’yan uwa suka rabu, suka je wani gidan cin abinci na kasa, ba tare da gindaya musu shaye-shaye ba, suna kwadaitar da ’yan kungiyar mawakan da ke wurin. Sai kawai Levitsky, wanda ya kasance mai tsaron lafiyar ministan, ya tsere.

Abin da ya biyo baya ya fi ban sha'awa. Na tuna, Starzewski ya tuna, a wani gidan rawa na dare a Wallfischgasse inda muka sauka, Commissar Levitsky ya zauna a wani teburi da ke kusa da shi kuma ya sha gilashin dilution na sa'o'i da yawa. Beck ya yi farin ciki sosai, yana maimaita lokaci zuwa lokaci: "Abin farin ciki ne rashin zama minista." Rana ta riga ta fito tuntuni lokacin da muka dawo otal muka yi barci, kamar yadda a mafi kyawun lokutan jami'a, dare ya yi a Danube.

Abin mamaki bai kare a nan ba. Lokacin da Starzewski yayi barci bayan ya fita dare, wayar ta tashe shi. Yawancin mata suna nuna buƙatu mai ban mamaki don yin magana da mazajensu a cikin mafi yawan yanayi mara kyau. Kuma Jadwiga bai togiya ba:

Ms. Bekova ta kira kuma tana son yin magana da ministan. Ya kwana kamar matattu a daki na gaba. Yana da matukar wahala in bayyana cewa ba ya cikin otal din, wanda ba a yarda ba, amma ba a zarge ni ba lokacin da na tabbatar da cewa komai yana cikin tsari. Komawa a Warsaw, Beck yayi magana dalla-dalla game da "Knight of the Silver Rose" a cikin abubuwan da suka faru.

bayan opera bai shiga ba.

Jadwiga tana zawarcin mijinta ba kawai saboda aikinsa ba. Jozef ba ya cikin koshin lafiya kuma yana fama da munanan cututtuka a lokacin kaka-hunturu. Yana da salon rayuwa mai wahala, sau da yawa yana aiki bayan sa'o'i, kuma koyaushe yana kasancewa. Bayan lokaci, an gano cewa ministan ya kamu da cutar tarin fuka, wanda ya yi sanadiyar mutuwarsa a lokacin horo a Romania yana da shekaru 50 kawai.

Jadwiga, duk da haka, ta rufe ido ga sauran abubuwan son mijinta. Kanal ɗin yana son duba gidan caca, amma shi ba ɗan wasa ba ne:

Beck yana son maraice - kamar yadda Starzhevsky ya bayyana zaman minista a Cannes - don zuwa gidan caca a takaice. Ko kuma, wasa tare da haɗakar lambobi da guguwar roulette, da wuya ya buga kansa, amma yana ɗokin ganin yadda sa'a ke tare da wasu.

Tabbas ya fi son gada kuma, kamar sauran mutane, ya kasance mai sha'awar wasan. Ya ba da lokaci mai yawa ga abubuwan da ya fi so, ya zama dole don kiyaye yanayin guda ɗaya kawai - abokan tarayya masu dacewa. A cikin 1932, jami'in diflomasiyyar Alfred Vysotsky ya bayyana tare da balaguron balaguron balaguro tare da Beck zuwa Pikelishki, inda ya kamata su ba da rahoto ga Piłsudski kan muhimman batutuwan harkokin waje:

A cikin gidan Beck, na sami hannun dama na minista, Major Sokolovsky da Ryszard Ordynsky. Lokacin da Ministan ke kan hanyarsa ta zuwa wata muhimmiyar magana ta siyasa, ban yi tsammanin haduwa da Reinhard, gidan wasan kwaikwayo da daraktan fina-finai ba, wanda ya fi so ga duk 'yan wasan kwaikwayo. Ga dukkan alamu Ministan ya bukace ta ne ga gadar da za su sauka, ya hana ni tattauna abin da rahoton nawa ya kunsa, wanda na

yi biyayya ga marshal.

Amma akwai abin mamaki ga ministan? Hatta shugaba Wojciechowski, a daya daga cikin tafiye-tafiyen da ya yi a cikin kasar, ya ki zuwa wurin manyan mutane a wani tashar jirgin kasa, saboda yana yin caca a kan tudu (an bayyana a hukumance cewa ba shi da lafiya kuma yana barci). A lokacin da sojoji ke fafatawa, ’yan wasa masu kyau ne kawai waɗanda ba su san wasan gada suka kama su ba. Har ila yau, Valery Slavek, wanda aka yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mai ban mamaki, ya bayyana a maraice na gada na Beck. Józef Beck kuma shine na ƙarshe na fitattun mutanen Pilsudski waɗanda Slavek yayi magana da su kafin mutuwarsa. A lokacin dai 'yan majalisar ba su taka rawar gani ba, kuma kwanaki kadan tsohon firaministan ya kashe kansa.

Daga Agusta zuwa Disamba 1930, Józef Beck ya kasance Mataimakin Firayim Minista a gwamnatin Piłsudski. A watan Disamba na wannan shekarar, ya zama mataimakin ministan harkokin waje. Daga Nuwamba 1932 har zuwa karshen Satumba 1939 ya kasance shugaban ma'aikatar harkokin waje, ya maye gurbin August Zaleski. Ya kuma yi aiki a Majalisar Dattawa daga 1935-1939.

Rayuwar yau da kullun na dangin Beckkov

Ministan da matarsa suna da hakkin yin hidima a gida kuma sun fara zama a fadar Rachinsky a yankin Krakow. Dakuna ne manya manya masu tsit, musamman dacewa da Yusufu, wanda yake da dabi'ar tunani a kafafunsa. Falo yana da girma sosai har Ministan "zai iya tafiya cikin 'yanci" sannan ya zauna kusa da murhu, wanda ya so sosai. Lamarin ya canza bayan sake gina fadar Brühl. Beks suna zaune ne a cikin ɓangaren fadar da aka haɗa, inda ɗakunan ƙanana ne, amma gaba ɗaya ya yi kama da gidan wani mai arziki na zamani.

Warsaw masana'antu.

Ministan da uwargidansa suna da ayyuka da dama na wakilci a gida da waje. Waɗannan sun haɗa da shiga cikin nau'ikan liyafar hukuma iri-iri, liyafa da liyafa, halarta a wuraren shakatawa da makarantu. Jadwiga ba ta ɓoye gaskiyar cewa ta sami wasu daga cikin waɗannan ayyuka masu matuƙar wahala ba:

Ba na son liyafa - ba a gida ba, ba a wurin kowa ba - tare da raye-rayen da aka riga aka sanar. Saboda matsayin mijina, sai ’yan rawa da suka fi manyan manyan mutane su yi min rawa. Numfashi suka yi, sun gaji, hakan bai ba su dadi ba. Ne ma. Lokacin da lokacin ƙarshe ya zo ga masu rawa masu kyau, ƙanana da farin ciki ... Na riga na gaji da gundura har na yi mafarkin komawa gida.

Beck ya bambanta da wani abin haɗe-haɗe na musamman ga Marshal Jozef Pilsudski. Vladislav Pobog-Malinovsky ya rubuta cewa: Shi ne shugaban komai na Beck - tushen dukkan hakkoki, ra'ayi na duniya, har ma da addini. Babu, kuma ba za a iya kasancewa, wata tattaunawa game da lamuran da Marshal ya taɓa yanke hukuncin nasa ba.

Duk da haka, kowa ya yarda cewa Jadwiga ya cika aikinsa daidai. Ta yi iyakar kokarinta don ganin komai ya yi kyau, duk da cewa ta wani bangare ba ta iya kaiwa ga magajin mijinta:

Gidan dafa abinci na minista, Laroche ya koka, ba shi da wani suna a lokacin Zaleski, wanda ya kasance mai cin abinci, amma liyafa ba su da kyau, kuma Misis Bezkow ba ta da matsala.

Laroche, kamar yadda ya dace da wani Bafaranshe, ya koka game da dafa abinci - yana gaskanta cewa suna dafa da kyau a cikin mahaifarsa kawai. Amma (abin mamaki) Starzhevsky ya kuma bayyana wasu ra'ayoyi, yana mai cewa ana yin amfani da turkey tare da blueberries sau da yawa a liyafar ministoci - Ina da sassauci don yin hidima sau da yawa. Amma irin wannan Goering ya kasance mai matukar son turkey; Wani abu kuma shine cewa Marshal na Reich yana da jerin jerin abubuwan da aka fi so, kuma babban yanayin shine isassun jita-jita ...

Bayanan da ke raye suna jaddada hankalin Jadwiga, wacce ta sadaukar da kanta kusan gaba ɗaya ga bangaren wakilcin rayuwar mijinta. Daga cikin zuciyarta, Laroche ta ci gaba, ta yi ƙoƙarin inganta martabar mijinta da kuma, na ƙasarta.

Kuma tana da zabuka masu yawa akan hakan; Ƙaunar kishin ƙasa da fahimtar manufar Jadwiga ta tilasta mata shiga cikin duk wani nau'in ayyukan zamantakewa. Ya goyi bayan al'amuran fasaha na musamman na Yaren mutanen Poland, kamar nune-nunen zane-zane na jama'a ko zane-zane, kide-kide da haɓaka tatsuniyoyi.

A wasu lokatai ana danganta haɓakar kayayyakin Poland da matsaloli - kamar a cikin rigar siliki ta Jadwiga ta Poland daga Milanowek. Yayin tattaunawa da Gimbiya Olga, matar mai mulkin Yugoslavia, ministar ba zato ba tsammani ta ji cewa wani mummunan abu yana faruwa da kayanta:

… Na yi sabuwar riga a cikin siliki na matte mai sheki daga Milanówek. Ban taba zuwa gare ni ba na sauka a Warsaw. An yi samfurin a cikin obliquely. Gimbiya Olga ta gaishe ni a ɗakinta na zane mai zaman kansa, an yi mata ado da kyau da daɗi, an lulluɓe shi da chintz mai launin haske da furanni. Ƙananan sofas masu laushi da kujerun hannu. Na zauna. Kujera ta hadiye ni. Me zan yi, motsi mai laushi, ba a yi ni da itace ba, rigar ta tashi sama kuma na kalli gwiwoyi na. Muna magana. Ina fama da rigar a hankali ba tare da wani amfani ba. Falo mai cike da hasken rana, furanni, wata fara'a ce ke magana, wannan tsinanniyar tudu ta karkatar da hankalina. A wannan karon farfagandar siliki daga Milanovek ta yi tasiri a kaina.

Baya ga abubuwan da suka wajaba ga manyan jami'an da suka zo Warsaw, Bekovites wani lokaci suna shirya tarurrukan zamantakewa na yau da kullun a cikin da'irar jami'an diflomasiyya. Jadwiga ya tuna cewa apple na idonta shine kyakkyawar mataimakiyar Sweden Bohemann da kyakkyawar matarsa. Wata rana ta dafa musu abincin dare, ita ma ta gayyaci wakilin Romania, wanda shi ma mijinta ya yi mamakin kyawunsa. Bugu da kari, liyafar cin abincin ya samu halartar 'yan sanda, wadanda aka zaba don ... kyawun matansu. Irin wannan maraice mai nisa daga tarurruka masu tsattsauran ra'ayi da aka saba da su tare da kiɗa, rawa kuma ba tare da "tattaunawa masu mahimmanci" wani nau'i ne na shakatawa ga mahalarta ba. Kuma ya faru cewa gazawar fasaha na iya ba da ƙarin damuwa.

Abincin dare don sabon Swiss MEP. Minti goma sha biyar kafin wa'adin, wutar lantarki ta ƙare a duk fadar Rachinsky. Ana sanya kyandir akan fyade. Akwai da yawa daga cikinsu, amma salon suna da girma. Faɗuwar yanayi a ko'ina. Ana sa ran gyaran zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo. Dole ne ku yi kama da cewa kyandir ɗin da ke jefa inuwa masu ban mamaki da stearin a kusa ba haɗari ba ne, amma ado ne da aka ƙaddara. Sa'ar al'amarin shine, sabon MP yanzu yana da goma sha takwas ... kuma yana godiya da kyawawan ƙananan haske. Watakila 'yan matan sun yi fushi da cewa ba za su ga cikakkun bayanai na bayan gida ba kuma suyi la'akari da maraice. To, bayan abincin dare fitulun sun kunna.

Sakatarensa Pavel Starzheniaski ya bayyana irin wannan ra'ayi ga Beck, yana mai lura da zurfin kishin kasa na ministan: tsananin kaunarsa ga Poland da cikakkiyar sadaukarwa ga Piłsudski - "mafi girman soyayyar rayuwata" - kuma kawai ga ƙwaƙwalwarsa da "shawarwari" - sun kasance daga cikin mahimman halayen Beck.

Wata matsalar kuma ita ce jami'an diflomasiyyar Jamus da na Tarayyar Soviet ba su da farin jini a wurin 'yan sanda. A bayyane yake, matan sun ƙi yin rawa tare da "Schwab" ko "Bachelor Party", ba su ma son yin magana. Bekova ta sami ceto daga matan kananan jami'an Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje, wadanda ko da yaushe da yardar rai da murmushi suka aiwatar da umarninta. Tare da Italiyanci, yanayin ya kasance akasin haka, saboda matan sun kewaye su kuma yana da wuya a shawo kan baƙi suyi magana da maza.

Ɗaya daga cikin ayyuka mafi nauyi na ma’auratan masu hidima shi ne halartar liyafar shayi na zamani. An gudanar da tarukan ne tsakanin karfe 17 zuwa 19 na yamma kuma ana kiransu da "queers" a turance. Becks ba za su iya watsi da su ba, dole ne su nuna a cikin kamfanin.

Kwanaki bakwai a mako, Lahadi ba a yarda ba, wani lokacin har ma Asabar, - tunawa Yadviga. - Jami'an diflomasiyya da "fita" Warsaw sun kai daruruwan mutane. Ana iya ba da shayi sau ɗaya a wata, amma sai - ba tare da hadadden lissafin kuɗi ba - ba zai yuwu a ziyarci su ba. Dole ne ku sami kanku a cikin kai ko a cikin kalandar: inda kuma a wurin wane ne Talata ta biyu bayan sha biyar, Juma'a ta farko bayan ta bakwai. A kowane hali, za a sami 'yan kwanaki da "teas" da yawa a kowace rana.

Tabbas, tare da kalandar aiki, shayi na rana ya kasance aiki. ɓata lokaci, "ba fun", kawai "azaba". Kuma a gaba ɗaya, yadda za a danganta da ziyara mai wucewa, a cikin gaggawa akai-akai don kama abincin rana na gaba?

Kuna shiga, kuna faɗuwa, murmushi a nan, kalma a wurin, motsin zuciya ko kallon dogon kallo cikin cunkoson jama'a kuma - an yi sa'a - yawanci babu lokaci da hannu don sabunta shayi. Domin hannaye biyu ne kawai. Yawancin lokaci ɗaya yana riƙe da taba, ɗayan yana gaishe ku. Ba za a iya shan taba na ɗan lokaci ba. Yana gaisawa da kansa akai-akai tare da musafaha, yana farawa juggle: kofin ruwan zãfi, saucer, teaspoon, faranti tare da wani abu, cokali mai yatsa, sau da yawa gilashi. Jama'a, zafi da zance, ko wajen jefa jimloli cikin sarari.

Akwai kuma, tabbas, akwai kyakkyawar al'ada don shiga cikin falo a cikin rigar gashi ko riga. Wataƙila an ƙirƙira shi ne don sauƙaƙe saurin fita? A cikin dakunan da mutane ke dumama da man fetur, matan da aka zubar da hanci masu zafi suna yin hayaniya a hankali. Akwai kuma wani wasan kwaikwayo na kayyayaki, wanda aka duba da kyau wanda yake da sabuwar hula, Jawo, gashi.

Shin me yasa matan suka shiga dakunan a cikin fur? Mutanen sun cire rigunansu, babu shakka ba sa son nuna sabbin rigunansu. Jadwiga Beck, akasin haka, ta sami labarin cewa wasu matan sun san yadda ake zuwa da ƙarfe biyar kuma a yi musu magani har sai sun mutu. Yawancin matan Warsaw suna son irin wannan salon rayuwa.

A tarurruka na rana, ban da shayi (sau da yawa tare da rum), biscuits da sandwiches suna ba da abinci, kuma wasu daga cikin baƙi sun zauna don abincin rana. An yi hidima da kyau, sau da yawa yana maida taron dare na rawa. Ya zama al’ada,” Jadwiga Beck ya tuna, “bayan liyafa na 5 × 7, na dakatar da mutane da yawa don maraice. Wani lokaci ma baki. (…) Bayan cin abincin dare mun sanya records kuma muka yi rawa kadan. Babu lemo don abincin dare kuma duk mun yi farin ciki. Caballero [wakilan Argentina - S.K.] ya saka wani tango mai ban dariya kuma ya sanar da cewa zai nuna - solo - yadda suke rawa a kasashe daban-daban. Muka yi ihu da dariya. Har zuwa ranar da zan mutu, ba zan manta da yadda, bayan ya yi ihu "en Pologne", ya fara tango da "bang", narkar da kabeji, amma da fuska mai ban tausayi. An sanar da rungumar abokin tarayya da babu shi. Idan kuwa haka ne, sai ta yi rawa tare da karyewar kashin baya.

Wakilin Argentine yana da ban dariya na ban mamaki, nesa da duniyar diflomasiyya. Lokacin da ya fito a tashar jirgin kasa na Warsaw don yin bankwana da Laroche, shi kadai ne bai kawo furanni tare da shi ba. A sakamakon haka, ya gabatar da wani jami'in diflomasiyya daga Seine tare da kwandon wicker don furanni, wanda akwai adadi mai yawa. A wani lokaci kuma, ya yanke shawarar ba abokansa Warsaw mamaki. An gayyace shi zuwa wani irin biki na iyali, sai ya sayi kyaututtuka ga yaran masu gida kuma ya shiga cikin ɗakin, yana ba wa kuyanga kayan waje.

Jadwiga Beck ya shiga cikin muhimman tarurrukan diflomasiyya da abubuwan da suka faru. Ita kuma ta kasance jarumar taswirori da dama, wadanda ta bayyana a wani bangare na tarihin rayuwar ta. Wanda ya shirya nune-nunen fassarorin adabin Poland zuwa harsunan waje, wanda Cibiyar Adabi ta Azurfa ta ba ta lambar yabo.

[Sai] ya sa hularsa, ya rataye ganga, ya sa bututu a bakinsa. Sanin tsarin falon ne yasa ya zagaya da kafafuwansa hudu yana bubbuga baki ya shiga dakin cin abinci. Mutanen garin suka zauna a teburin, maimakon dariyar da ake tsammani sai hira ta kaure aka yi shiru. Dan kasar Argentina mara tsoro ya yawo a teburi da kafafu hudu, yana kadawa da bugu na nace. A karshe dai ya yi mamakin yadda wadanda suke wurin suka ci gaba da yin shiru da rashin motsi. Ya miƙe, ya ga fuskokin firgita da yawa, amma na mutanen da bai sani ba. Kawai yayi kuskure da benaye.

Tafiya, tafiya

Jadwiga Beck mutum ne wanda aka halicce shi don wakilcin salon rayuwa - iliminta na harsuna, ɗabi'a da kamanni ya sa ta ga hakan. Bugu da kari, tana da halaye masu kyau, tana da hankali kuma ba ta tsoma baki a cikin harkokin waje. Yarjejeniyar diflomasiyya ta bukaci ta shiga ziyarar da mijinta zai kai kasashen waje, wanda ta kasance tana so. Kuma saboda dalilai na mata kawai, ba ta jin daɗin yawo na kaɗaici na mijinta, kamar yadda jarabobi daban-daban ke jiran jami'an diflomasiyya.

Wannan wata ƙasa ce ta mata masu kyau sosai, - Starzewski ya bayyana a lokacin ziyarar aikin sa a Romania, - tare da nau'ikan nau'ikan iri. A karin kumallo ko abincin dare, mutane suna zaune kusa da ƙawaye masu duhu-masu gashi da duhu-ido ko shuɗi masu launin shuɗi tare da bayanan Girkanci. Yanayin ya kasance annashuwa, matan sun yi magana da Faransanci mai kyau, kuma babu wani abu da ɗan adam ya kasance baƙo a gare su.

Ko da yake Misis Beck ta kasance mutum mai kyau sosai a cikin sirri kuma ba ta son haifar da matsala da ba dole ba, a lokacin ziyarar hukuma ta yi nasarar kunyata kanta don yin hidima a cibiyoyin Poland. Amma sai martabar kasa (har da na mijinta) ya shiga cikin hadari, kuma ba ta da shakku a irin wannan yanayi. Dole ne komai ya kasance cikin tsari cikakke kuma yayi aiki mara lahani.

Wani lokaci, duk da haka, yanayin ya kasa jurewa a gare ta. Bayan haka, ita mace ce, kuma mace ce mai kyau da ke buƙatar yanayi mai kyau. Kuma wata ƙwararriyar mace ba za ta yi tsalle ta tashi daga kan gado da safe ba kuma ta dubi madaidaiciya a cikin kwata na sa'a!

Iyakar Italiya ta wuce da dare - wannan shine yadda aka kwatanta ziyarar aikin Beck a Italiya a cikin Maris 1938. - A wayewar gari - a zahiri - Mestre. Ina barci Wata kuyanga a tsorace ta tada ni cewa saura kwata awa jirgin kasa ya wuce "waziri ya ce ki shiga falo da sauri." Me ya faru? An umurci Podestà (Majojin) na Venice ya ba ni furanni da kaina, tare da tikitin maraba da Mussolini. Da gari ya waye... sun haukace! Dole ne in yi ado, in yi gashin kaina, in gyara, in yi magana da Podesta, duk a cikin minti goma sha biyar! Ba ni da lokaci kuma kada in yi tunanin tashi. Ina mai da baiwar da na ji tausayinta

amma ina da ciwon kai.

Daga baya, Beck ya yi fushi da matarsa - a fili, ya ƙare da tunanin. Wace mace, ba zato ba tsammani, za ta iya shirya kanta a irin wannan taki? Kuma uwargidan jami'in diflomasiyyar da ke wakiltar kasarta? Migraine ya kasance, kyakkyawan uzuri, kuma diflomasiya wata kyakkyawar al'adar noma ce ta duniya. Bayan haka, migraines sun kasance daidai don hanya a cikin irin wannan yanayi.

Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan ban dariya na zama a kan Tiber shine matsalolin kayan aiki na zamani na Villa Madama, inda tawagar Poland ta zauna. Shirye-shiryen liyafa na hukuma a ofishin jakadancin Poland ba su da sauƙi ko kaɗan, kuma ministan ya ɗan yi baƙin ciki.

Ina gayyatarku kuyi wanka. Zosya mai wayo a cikin kunya ta ce ta daɗe tana nema kuma ba ta iya samun famfo a bandaki. Wanne? Na shiga wani pagoda na kasar Sin mai dauke da fur na wata katuwar polar bear a kasa. Bathtubs, babu alamun da babu kamar bandaki. Dakin ya ɗaga saman tebur ɗin fenti, akwai baho, babu famfo. Zane-zane, sassaka-tsalle, fitilun fitilu masu banƙyama, ƙirji masu ban mamaki, ƙirji suna cika da dodanni masu ban haushi, har ma da madubi, amma babu famfo. Menene jahannama? Muna nema, muna labe, muna motsa komai. Yadda za a wanke?

Sabis na gida ya bayyana matsalar. Akwai cranes, ba shakka, amma a cikin ɓoye, inda dole ne ku je ta danna wasu maɓallan da ba a iya gani. Gidan wanka na Beck ya daina haifar da irin waɗannan matsalolin, kodayake ba shi da ƙarancin asali. Kawai ya yi kama da ciki na wani babban tsohon kabari, tare da sarcophagus a cikin baho.

A matsayinsa na ministan harkokin wajen kasar, Józef Beck ya kasance mai gaskiya ga hukuncin Marshal Piłsudski na cewa Poland ta ci gaba da daidaita dangantakarta da Moscow da Berlin. Kamar shi, ya yi adawa da sa hannu na WP a cikin yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa, wanda, a ra'ayinsa, ya iyakance 'yancin siyasa na Poland.

Duk da haka, ainihin kasada shi ne ziyarar Moscow a Fabrairu 1934. Poland ta yi zafi cikin dangantaka da makwabciyarta mai haɗari; Shekaru biyu da suka wuce, an ƙaddamar da yarjejeniyar ba da zalunci ta Poland-Soviet. Wani abu kuma shi ne ziyarar da shugabar harkokin diflomasiyyar mu ta Kremlin ta yi a hukumance wani sabon abu ne a huldar juna, kuma ga Yadwiga tafiya ce da ba a sani ba, zuwa wata duniya baki daya.

A gefen Tarayyar Soviet, a Negoreloye, mun hau wani faffadan jirgin ƙasa. Tsoffin kekunan kekuna suna da daɗi sosai, tare da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. Kafin wannan yaƙin, Salonka na wani babban sarki ne. Cikinsa ya kasance a cikin tsayayyen salon salo na mafi munin salon zamani. Velvet ya zubo jikin bango ya rufe kayan. A ko'ina akwai gwal ɗin itace da sassaƙa na ƙarfe, waɗanda aka haɗa su cikin saƙa masu sarƙaƙƙiya na ganye masu salo, furanni da inabi. Irin waɗannan su ne kayan ado na mummuna duka, amma gadaje suna da dadi sosai, cike da duvets da ƙasa da ƙananan tufafi. Manya-manyan dakunan kwana suna da kwanon wanke-wanke na zamani. Porcelain yana da kyau a gani - dige da alamu, gilding, rikitaccen monograms da manyan rawanin kowane abu. Daban-daban basins, tulu, kayan sabulu, da sauransu.

Sabis ɗin jirgin ƙasa na Soviet ya ɓoye sirrin ƙasa har zuwa ga rashin hankali. Har ma ya faru cewa mai dafa abinci ya ƙi ba wa Mrs. Beck girke-girke na biscuits da aka yi da shayi! Kuma kuki ne da kakarta ta yi, an dade ana mantawa da ka'idojin yin burodi.

Tabbas, yayin tafiya, membobin tawagar Poland ba su yi ƙoƙarin yin magana game da batutuwa masu mahimmanci ba. Ya bayyana a fili ga dukkan membobin wannan balaguron cewa motar cike take da na'urorin saurare. Duk da haka, abin mamaki ne ganin da yawa daga cikin manyan mutane na Bolshevik - duk sun yi magana da Faransanci mai kyau.

Taron a tashar jirgin kasa a Moscow yana da ban sha'awa, musamman halin Karol Radek, wanda Becks ya san daga ziyararsa a Poland:

Muka fito daga cikin motar ja mai zafi, nan da nan sanyi ya kama ta, muka fara gaisawa. Manyan mutane karkashin jagorancin Commissar Litvinov. Dogayen takalma, Jawo, papachos. Ƙungiyar mata sanye da riguna masu launi, gyale da safar hannu. Ina jin kamar Bature... Ina da dumi, fata da kyan gani - amma hula. Shi ma gyale ba a yi shi da zare ba, tabbas. Ina tsara gaisuwa da mahaukaciyar farin ciki na zuwa na zuwa Faransanci, kuma ina ƙoƙarin haddace ta cikin harshen Rashanci kuma. Nan da nan - kamar shigar shaidan - Radek ya yi ta rada da karfi a cikin kunnena:

- Na fara ku gawariti a cikin Faransanci! Mu duka Yahudawa ne na Poland!

Jozef Beck shekaru da yawa ya nemi yarjejeniya tare da London, wanda ya amince da shi kawai a cikin Maris-Afrilu 1939, lokacin da ya zama a fili cewa Berlin tana motsawa zuwa yaki. An ƙididdige ƙawance da Poland bisa manufar 'yan siyasar Birtaniya na dakatar da Hitler. Hotuna: Ziyarar Beck zuwa London, Afrilu 4, 1939.

Tunanin Jadwiga na Moscow wani lokaci ya yi kama da labarin farfaganda na yau da kullun. Bayanin da ta yi game da tsoratarwa mai yiwuwa gaskiya ne, kodayake ta iya ƙara wannan daga baya, ta riga ta san tarihin tsarkakewar Stalin. Duk da haka, bayanin game da manyan shugabannin Soviet da ke fama da yunwa shine mafi kusantar farfaganda. A bayyane yake, jiga-jigan Soviet a maraice a cikin aikin Poland sun kasance kamar ba su ci wani abu ba a mako daya da suka wuce:

Lokacin da aka bar tebur a zahiri tare da ƙasusuwa akan faranti, kayan kwalliyar kek da tarin kwalabe marasa komai, baƙi sun watse. Babu inda buffets suka shahara kamar a Moscow, kuma babu wanda ya buƙaci a gayyace shi ya ci abinci. Kullum ana lissafta shi sau uku adadin waɗanda aka gayyata, amma wannan yawanci bai isa ba. Mayunwata - har da manyan mutane.

Manufar manufarsa ita ce kiyaye zaman lafiya da yawa don Poland ta shirya yaki. Bugu da ƙari, ya so ya ƙara yawan abin da ƙasar ke da shi a cikin tsarin kasa da kasa na lokacin. Ya kasance yana sane da sauyin yanayin tattalin arziki a duniya ba tare da goyon bayan Poland ba.

Mutanen Soviet na iya zama ba su da ɗanɗano mai kyau, suna iya samun munanan halaye, amma manyansu ba sa fama da yunwa. Ko da Jadwiga yana son karin kumallo da manyan sojojin Tarayyar Soviet suka yi, inda ta zauna kusa da Voroshilov, wanda ta dauka a matsayin dan gurguzu na jiki da jini, mai ra'ayi da manufa ta hanyarsa. liyafar ba ta da nisa daga yarjejeniyar diflomasiyya: akwai hayaniya, dariya mai ƙarfi, yanayi yana da aminci, rashin kulawa ... Kuma ta yaya zai kasance in ba haka ba, saboda maraice a wasan opera, inda jami'an diflomasiyya suka yi ado daidai da buƙatun. na da'a, jiga-jigan Soviet sun zo a cikin jaket, kuma yawancin su ne a saman?

Duk da haka, abin lura da kyau shine asusunta na abubuwan da suka faru na Moscow na bawa mijinta. Wannan mutumi ya zagaya cikin gari shi kadai, babu mai sha'awar sa musamman, don haka ya saba da wani mai wanki.

Ya yi magana da Rashanci, ya ziyarce ta kuma ya koyi abubuwa da yawa. Da na dawo, na ji yana gaya wa hidimarmu cewa idan shi ne Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida a Poland, maimakon ya kama shi, zai aika da dukan ’yan gurguzu na Poland zuwa Rasha. Za su dawo, a cikin kalmominsa, har abada sun warke daga gurguzu. Kuma tabbas yayi gaskiya...

Jakadan Faransa na ƙarshe kafin yaƙi a Warsaw, Léon Noël, bai yi watsi da sukar Beck ba.

yabo - lokacin da ya rubuta cewa ministan yana da wayo sosai, cikin dabara da sauri ya ƙware dabarun da ya sadu da su. Yana da kyakkyawar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, ba ya buƙatar ƙaramin rubutu don tunawa da bayanin da aka ba shi ko kuma rubutun da aka gabatar ... [yana da] tunani, koyaushe a faɗake kuma mai rai, mai saurin fahimta, basira, babban kamun kai, zurfi. sanya hankali, sonta; "Jijiyar Jiha", kamar yadda Richelieu ya kira shi, da daidaito a cikin ayyuka ... Shi abokin tarayya ne mai haɗari.

reviews

An ba da labarai daban-daban game da Jadwiga Beck; An dauke ta a matsayin ‘yar iska, wai matsayi da matsayin mijinta ya juya mata kai. Ƙididdiga sun bambanta sosai kuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya dogara da matsayin marubucin. Ministan ba zai iya ɓacewa a cikin abubuwan tunawa na Ziminskaya, Krzhivitskaya, Pretender, ta kuma bayyana a cikin Nalkowska's Diaries.

Irena Krzhivitskaya ya yarda cewa Jadwiga da mijinta sun yi mata ayyuka masu mahimmanci. Wani mai neman auren ta ne ya bi ta, watakila ba daidai ba ne a hankali. Baya ga yin mugun kiran waya (misali, zuwa gidan Zoo na Warsaw game da dangin Krzywicki suna da biri da za a tafi da su), ya yi nisa har ya yi wa ɗan Irena barazana. Kuma ko da yake bayanan sirrinsa sun kasance sananne ga Krzhivitskaya, 'yan sanda ba su kula da lamarin ba - har ma an ƙi ta buga wayar ta. Kuma a sa'an nan Krzywicka ya sadu da Beck da matarsa a shayin ranar Asabar.

Magana game da wannan duka tare da Boys, ban ambaci sunana ba, amma na yi korafin cewa ba sa so su saurare ni. Bayan wani lokaci, hira ta ɗauki wata hanya dabam, domin ni ma ina so in rabu da wannan mafarki mai ban tsoro. Washegari, wani jami’i sanye da tufafi masu kyau ya zo kusa da ni, a madadin “wazirin”, ya ba ni fuloti na wardi da katon kwalin cakulan, bayan nan kuma cikin ladabi ya ce in sanar da shi komai. Da farko, ya tambaya ko ina son masu tsari su yi tafiya tare da Bitrus daga yanzu. Na ki yarda da dariya.

Na sake neman a ji, kuma babu amsa. Hafsa bai tambaye ni ko ina da wani shakku ba, bayan yan mintuna kadan ya yi sallama ya fice. Tun daga wannan lokacin, saɓon wayar ya ƙare sau ɗaya.

Jadwiga Beck koyaushe yana kula da ra'ayin mijinta mai kyau, kuma taimakon ɗan jarida mai farin jini zai iya kawo riba kawai. Bugu da kari, jami'an gwamnati a kodayaushe suna kokarin kulla kyakkyawar alaka da jama'ar kirkire-kirkire. Ko watakila Jadwiga, a matsayinta na uwa, ta fahimci matsayin Krzywicka?

Zofia Nałkowska (kamar yadda ya dace da ita) ya mai da hankali sosai ga bayyanar Jadwiga. Bayan wani biki a fadar Rachinsky, ta lura cewa ministan ya kasance siririya, kyakkyawa kuma mai matukar aiki, kuma Bekka ya dauke shi a matsayin mataimaki mai kyau. Wannan abin lura ne mai ban sha'awa, kamar yadda shugaban diflomasiyyar Poland gabaɗaya ya ji daɗin ra'ayi mafi kyau. Ko da yake Nałkowska a kai a kai tana halartar liyafar shayi ko kuma abincin dare a Becks (a matsayinta na mataimakiyar shugabar Kwalejin Adabi ta Poland), ba ta iya ɓoye rashin jin daɗinta lokacin da wannan cibiyar girmamawa ta baiwa ministar kyautar Silver Laurel. A hukumance, Jadwiga ya sami lambar yabo don ƙwararrun ayyukan ƙungiya a fagen tatsuniyoyi, amma cibiyoyin fasaha suna tallafawa da tallafin jihohi, kuma irin wannan ishara ga masu mulki suna cikin tsari.

Lokacin da ake yin la'akari da manufofin Beck a cikin kaka na 1938, dole ne mutum ya tuna da waɗannan gaskiyar: Jamus, mai da'awar yanki da siyasa a kan makwabta, yana so ya gane su a mafi ƙarancin farashi - wato, tare da amincewar manyan iko, Faransa. , Ingila da Italiya. An cimma wannan a kan Czechoslovakia a watan Oktoba 1938 a Munich.

Yawancin lokaci ana ɗaukar ministan a matsayin mutum fiye da taron mutane kawai. Halin Jadwiga a Jurata, inda ita da mijinta suka shafe makonni da yawa na bazara a kowace shekara, sun jawo munanan kalamai. Sau da yawa ana kiran ministan zuwa Warsaw, amma matarsa ta yi amfani da wuraren shakatawa. Magdalena the Pretender tana ganinta akai-akai (Kosakovs suna da dacha a Jurata) lokacin da take tafiya a cikin wata rigar bakin teku mai dimi da ke kewaye da farfajiyarta, wato 'yarta, bona da karnukan daji guda biyu. A bayyane take, ta taba shirya liyafar kare inda ta gayyaci abokanta da dabbobi da aka yi wa ado da manyan baka. An baje wani farar rigar tebur a kasan gidan, kuma an ajiye kayan abinci da aka fi so na mutts ɗin mutts ɗin da aka fi so a cikin kwanonin. Har da ayaba, cakulan da dabino.

A ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1939, Minista Józef Beck ya yi wani sanannen jawabi a cikin Sejm don mayar da martani ga yarjejeniyar rashin cin zarafi tsakanin Jamus da Poland da Adolf Hitler ya yi. Jawabin ya janyo tsawaita tafi daga wakilan. Al'ummar Poland ma sun karbe shi da farin ciki.

Pretender ta rubuta abubuwan tarihinta a farkon XNUMXs, a cikin zamanin Stalin, amma ba za a iya kawar da sahihancinsu ba. Becks sun kasance a hankali sun rasa hulɗa da gaskiya; Kasancewarsu akai-akai a cikin duniyar diflomasiyya bai yi amfani da girman kansu da kyau ba. Karatun abubuwan tunawa na Jadwiga, yana da wuya kada a lura da shawarar cewa duka biyun sun kasance manyan masoyan Piłsudski. Dangane da haka ba shi kadai ba; kimar kwamandan ana hasashe akan mutanen zamaninsa. Bayan haka, har Henryk Jablonski, shugaban Majalisar Dokoki a lokacin Jamhuriyar Jama’ar Poland, dole ne ya kasance yana alfahari da tattaunawa ta sirri da Piłsudski. Kuma, ga alama, tun yana matashin ɗalibi, yana gudu a kan titin Cibiyar Tarihin Soja, ya ci karo da wani dattijo da ya yi masa gunaguni: Hattara, ɗan iska! Piłsudski ne, kuma wannan shine duka tattaunawar...

Bala'in Romania

Jozef Beck da matarsa sun bar Warsaw a farkon Satumba. Mutanen da aka kwashe tare da gwamnati sun ƙaura zuwa gabas, amma ba a adana bayanai masu daɗi game da halayensu a farkon yaƙin ba.

Idan muka kalli taga, - tunawa da Irena Krzhivitskaya, wanda ke zaune kusa da gidansu a wancan lokacin, - Na kuma ga wasu abubuwa masu banƙyama. Tun da farko, jerin manyan motoci a gaban Villa ta Beck da sojoji suna dauke da zanen gado, wasu irin kafet da labule. Waɗannan motocin sun tafi, an loda su, ban san inda kuma menene ba, a fili, a cikin sawun Becky.

Shin gaskiya ne? An ce ministan ya fitar da wata gwal mai dimbin yawa da aka dinka a cikin rigar jirgin daga Warsaw. Koyaya, la'akari da ƙarin makomar Beks musamman Jadwiga, da alama yana da shakku. Tabbas bai kwashe dukiya ɗaya da Martha Thomas-Zaleska, abokiyar Smigly ba. Zaleska ya rayu a cikin alatu a kan Riviera fiye da shekaru goma, ta kuma sayar da abubuwan tunawa na kasa (ciki har da saber na Augustus II). Wani abu kuma shine an kashe Ms. Zaleska a 1951 kuma Ms. Bekova ta mutu a cikin XNUMXs, kuma duk wani albarkatun kuɗi yana da iyaka. Ko watakila, a cikin hargitsin yakin, an yi asarar kayayyakin da aka fitar daga Warsaw a wani wuri? Wataƙila ba za mu sake yin bayanin wannan ba, kuma yana yiwuwa labarin Krzywicka kage ne. Duk da haka, an san cewa Bekovs a Romania sun kasance cikin mummunan yanayin kudi.

Wani abu kuma shi ne, idan ba a fara yakin ba, dangantakar da ke tsakanin Jadwiga da Martha Thomas-Zaleska za ta iya tasowa ta hanya mai ban sha'awa. Ana sa ran Śmigły zai zama shugaban ƙasar Poland a shekara ta 1940, kuma Martha za ta zama uwargidan shugaban ƙasar Poland.

Kuma ta kasance mutum ne na yanayi mai wuyar gaske, kuma Jadwiga a fili ya yi iƙirarin matsayin na ɗaya a cikin matan 'yan siyasar Poland. Rigima tsakanin matan biyu zai kasance babu makawa...

A tsakiyar watan Satumba, hukumomin Poland sun sami kansu a Kuty da ke kan iyaka da Romania. Kuma a nan ne labarin mamayewar Soviet ya fito; yakin ya kare, aka fara bala'in da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba. An yanke shawarar barin kasar a ci gaba da gwagwarmayar gudun hijira. Duk da yarjejeniyoyin da aka yi da gwamnatin Bucharest a baya, hukumomin Romania sun shiga tsakani da wasu jiga-jigan Poland. Abokan Yammacin Turai ba su yi zanga-zangar ba - sun ji dadi; duk da haka, an shirya haɗin gwiwa da 'yan siyasa daga sansanin masu adawa da yunkurin Sanation.

Ba a yarda Bolesław Wieniawa-Dlugoszowski ya zama magajin Shugaba Mościcki ba. A ƙarshe, Vladislav Rachkevich ya karbi ragamar shugabancin kasa - a ranar 30 ga Satumba, 1939, Janar Felician Slavoj-Skladkovsky ya yi murabus daga majalisar ministocin da aka taru a Stanich-Moldovana. Józef Beck ya zama mutum mai zaman kansa.

Mista da Mrs. Beckov (tare da 'yar Jadwiga) sun kasance a cikin Brasov; can aka bar tsohon ministan ya ziyarci (a karkashin gadi) likitan hakori a Bucharest. A farkon lokacin rani an canza su zuwa Dobroseti a kan Lake Sangov kusa da Bucharest. Da farko dai ba a bar tsohuwar ministar ta fice daga karamar hukumar da suke zaune a ciki ba. Wani lokaci, bayan tsangwama mai tsanani, an ba su izinin hawan jirgin ruwa (a karkashin tsaro, ba shakka). An san Jozef saboda ƙaunar wasanni na ruwa kuma yana da babban tafki a ƙarƙashin tagansa…

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1940, a wani taro da gwamnatin Poland ta yi a birnin Angers, Władysław Sikorski ya ba da shawarar a bar wasu mambobin majalisar ministoci na ƙarshe na Jamhuriyar Poland ta biyu su shiga Faransa. Farfesa Kot ya ba da shawarar Skladkowski da Kwiatkowski (wanda ya kafa Gdynia da Central Industrial Region), kuma August Zaleski (wanda ya sake zama Ministan Harkokin Waje) ya zabi magajinsa. Ya bayyana cewa Romania tana cikin matsanancin matsin lamba na Jamus kuma Nazis na iya kashe Beck. Jan Stanczyk ne ya bayyana zanga-zangar; daga karshe aka kafa kwamiti na musamman domin tunkarar wannan batu. Duk da haka, bayan kwanaki biyu, Jamus ta kai wa Faransa hari kuma ba da daɗewa ba kawancen ya fada karkashin ragamar Nazi. Bayan korar hukumomin Poland zuwa London, batun bai dawo ba.

A watan Oktoba, Jozef Beck ya yi ƙoƙarin tserewa daga ɗaurin kurkuku - a fili, yana so ya isa Turkiyya. An kama shi, ya shafe kwanaki da yawa a gidan yari mai datti, kwari da suka ci shi sosai. An ba da rahoton cewa gwamnatin Sikorski ta sanar da hukumomin Romania shirin Beck, wanda wani dan gudun hijirar Poland mai aminci ya sanar...

Bekov ya koma wani kauye da ke wajen birnin Bucharest; a can ne tsohon ministan ke da damar tafiya karkashin kariyar dan sanda. Lokacin kyauta, kuma yana da yawa, ya himmatu wajen rubuta abubuwan tunawa, gina samfuran jiragen ruwa na katako, karatu da yawa da wasa gada da ya fi so. Lafiyarsa ta kasance ta tabarbare - a lokacin rani na 1942 an gano shi yana da ci-gaban tarin fuka na makogwaro. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, saboda hare-haren jiragen sama na Allied a Bucharest, Bekov ya koma Stanesti. Sun zauna a wata makarantar ƙauye mai ɗaki biyu babu kowa wanda aka gina da yumbu (!). A can, tsohon ministan ya rasu a ranar 5 ga Yuni, 1944.

Jadwiga Beck ta cika shekaru 30 ga mijinta. Bayan mutuwar mijinta, wanda aka binne tare da girmamawa na soja (wanda Mrs. Beck da gaske ya yi burin - marigayin ya kasance mai riƙe da manyan lambobin yabo na Romania), ta tafi Turkiyya tare da 'yarta, sannan ta yi aiki a cikin Red Cross tare da Poland. sojoji a Alkahira. Bayan da Allies suka shiga Italiya, ta koma Roma, ta yi amfani da damar da abokanta na Italiya suka yi. Bayan yakin ta zauna a Roma da Brussels; tsawon shekaru uku tana mai kula da mujallu a Kongo Belgian. Bayan ta isa Landan, kamar yawancin ƴan gudun hijirar Poland, ta sami rayuwarta a matsayin mai tsaftacewa. Duk da haka, ba ta manta cewa mijinta memba ne a majalisar ministocin Poland na ’yanci, kuma ta ko da yaushe ta yi gwagwarmayar kwato mata hakkinta. Kuma sau da yawa ya fito daga gare ta a matsayin mai nasara.

Ya shafe watannin ƙarshe na rayuwarsa a ƙauyen Stanesti-Cirulesti, wanda ba shi da nisa da babban birnin ƙasar Romania. Marasa lafiya da tarin fuka, ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Yuni, 1944 kuma an binne shi a sashin soja na makabartar Orthodox a Bucharest. A cikin 1991, an tura tokarsa zuwa Poland kuma aka binne shi a makabartar sojoji ta Powazki a Warsaw.

Bayan ’yan shekaru, saboda rashin lafiya, dole ne ta bar aikinta kuma ta zauna tare da ’yarta da surukanta. Ta shirya don buga littattafan mijinta ("Rahoton Ƙarshe") kuma ta rubuta wa ƙaura "Literary Literature". Ta kuma rubuta nata abubuwan tuno lokacin da ta yi aure da Ministan Harkokin Waje ("Lokacin da Na kasance Mai Girma"). Ta rasu a watan Janairun 1974 kuma an binne ta a Landan.

Abin da ya kasance halayyar Jadwiga Betskovoy, 'yarta da surukinta sun rubuta a cikin gabatarwar littafin tarihin su, taurin kai ne da ƙarfin hali. Ta ki yin amfani da takardun balaguron balaguro na lokaci guda, kuma ta shiga tsakani kai tsaye a cikin harkokin ministocin harkokin waje, ta tabbatar da cewa ofisoshin jakadancin Belgium, Faransa, Italiya da Birtaniya sun makala takardar bizar ta zuwa tsohon fasfo din diflomasiyya na Jamhuriyar Poland.

Har zuwa ƙarshe, Mrs. Beck ta ji kamar ƙwazo, matar da ta mutu na ƙarshe Ministan Harkokin Wajen Jamhuriyyar Poland ta biyu ...