Tankin haske LK-I (Leichte Kampfwagen LK-I)
Tankin haske LK-I (Leichte Kampfwagen LK-I)
Yin amfani da chassis na mota "ciki" an nuna majiyar, tana shigar da ƙafafun caterpillar a kan tudun su. Wataƙila Jamus ita ce ta farko da ta fahimci wannan fa'idar tankunan haske - a matsayin yuwuwar yin amfani da na'urorin kera motoci.
Kuna iya faɗaɗa hoton shimfidar tankin hasken LK-I An gabatar da aikin a watan Satumbar 1917. Bayan amincewa da shugaban Hukumar Inspectorate of Automobile Troops, a ranar 29 ga Disamba, 1917, an yanke shawarar gina tankunan haske. Amma hedkwatar rundunar ta yi watsi da wannan hukunci a ranar 17.01.1918/1917/XNUMX, saboda tana ganin makaman da wannan tankokin suka yi rauni sosai. Daga baya kadan ya zama sananne cewa Babban Umurnin da kansa yana tattaunawa da Krupp game da tanki mai haske. Ƙirƙirar tankin haske a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Farfesa Rausenberger ya fara ne a kamfanin Krupp a cikin bazara na XNUMX. A sakamakon haka, har yanzu an amince da wannan aikin, kuma an canza shi zuwa ikon Ma'aikatar Yaƙi. Motoci masu ƙwarewa sun karɓi nadi LK-I (Karusar Yaƙin Haske) kuma an ba da izinin gina kwafi biyu. Don tunani. A cikin adabi, incl. daga sanannun marubuta, kuma a kusan dukkanin shafuka, ana kiran waɗannan hotuna guda uku a matsayin LK-I. Shin haka ne?
A cikin littafin “TANKULUN JAMANI A YAKIN DUNIYA I” (marubuta: Wolfgang Schneider da Rainer Strasheim) akwai hoton da ya fi dacewa da taken:
"...Babi na II (mashin-gun version)“. Machine-gun (Turanci) - bindigar na'ura. Bari mu yi ƙoƙari mu fahimta da nunawa:
Motar yaƙi mai haske LK-I (protoт.)
Motar yaƙi mai haske LK-II (protoт.), 57 mm
Karusai masu haske LK-II, Tanko w/21 (Yaren mutanen Sweden)
Tanki w / 21-29 (Yaren mutanen Sweden) Bude Wikipedia, mun ga: “Saboda shan kashin da Jamus ta yi a yakin, tankin LT II bai taba shiga aikin sojan Jamus ba. Duk da haka, gwamnatin Sweden ta sami hanyar samun tankunan tankuna guda goma da aka adana a wata masana'anta a Jamus cikin yanayin tarwatsewa. A karkashin kayan aikin noma, an kai tankunan zuwa kasar Sweden, aka hada su a can." Koyaya, komawa zuwa LK-I. Abubuwan buƙatu na asali don tankin haske:
An ba da shawarar ƙara kusurwar haɓaka reshe mai karkata na katapillar don haɓaka iyawa da inganci na ƙetare yayin shawo kan matsalolin waya. Adadin sashin fada dole ne ya isa don aiki na yau da kullun, kuma hawan jirgin da saukar jirgin ya zama mai sauƙi da sauri. Ya zama dole a kula da tsari na duba ramummuka da ƙyanƙyashe, wuta aminci, shãfe haske da tanki idan abokan gaba sun yi amfani da flamethrowers, kare ma'aikatan daga splinters da gubar splashes, kazalika da samuwar hanyoyin don kiyayewa da gyara da kuma yiwuwar saurin maye gurbin injin, kasancewar tsarin tsabtace caterpillar daga datti.
An harhada caterpillar chassis akan firam na musamman. Ƙarƙashin kasan kowane gefe yana tsakanin bango guda biyu masu tsayin tsayin daka waɗanda masu tsalle-tsalle suka haɗa. Tsakanin su, an dakatar da karusai na ƙasa zuwa firam a kan maɓuɓɓugan murɗa. Akwai karusai biyar masu ƙafafun titi huɗu kowanne a kan jirgin. Wani karusa kuma an ɗaure shi da ƙarfi a gaba - rollers ɗinsa ya zama tasha ga reshen katapillar. Hakanan an daidaita axle na motar motar baya, wanda ke da radius 217 mm da hakora 12. An ɗaga ƙafar jagorar sama da ƙasa mai ɗaukar hoto, kuma axis ɗin sa an sanye shi da injin dunƙulewa don daidaita tashin hankalin waƙoƙin. An ƙididdige bayanin martaba na tsaye na caterpillar don haka lokacin da ake tuki a kan hanya mai wuya, tsawon tsayin daka ya kasance 2.8 m, a kan ƙasa mai laushi ya karu kadan, kuma lokacin wucewa ta cikin ramuka ya kai 5 m. Sashin gaba na gaba ya tashi. katapilar ta fito gabanta. Don haka, ya kamata a haɗa ƙarfi a kan ƙasa mai ƙarfi tare da babban maneuverability. Tsarin caterpillar ya maimaita A7V, amma a cikin ƙaramin sigar. Takalmin yana da faɗin 250 mm kuma kauri 7 mm; Rail nisa - 80 mm, dogo bude - 27 mm, tsawo - 115 mm, waƙa farar - 140 mm. Adadin waƙoƙin da ke cikin sarkar ya karu zuwa 74, wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga karuwar saurin tafiya. Ƙarƙashin juriya na sarkar shine ton 30. An kiyaye ƙananan reshe na caterpillar daga ƙaura ta gefe ta tsakiyar flanges na rollers da sidewalls na undercarriages, na sama daya ta hanyar firam ganuwar. Tsarin tanki chassis
1 - firam ɗin mota tare da watsawa da injin; 2, 3 - ƙafafun tuƙi; 4- mai motsi A cikin irin wannan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan chassis, an haɗa firam ɗin mota tare da manyan raka'a, amma ba da ƙarfi ba, amma akan sauran maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. Ƙarfin baya kawai, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don tuƙa ƙafafu, an haɗa shi da kyar zuwa gefuna na gefen hanyar caterpillar. Don haka, dakatarwar na roba ta zama mataki biyu - maɓuɓɓugan ruwa na ɗigon ruwa masu gudana da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa-elliptical na firam na ciki. Sabbin sabbin abubuwa a cikin ƙirar tankin LK an kiyaye su ta wasu ƙima na musamman, irin su lambobi na 311169 da No. 311409 don fasalulluka na na'urar caterpillar. Injin da watsa motar tushe gabaɗaya an kiyaye su. Gaba dayan zanen tankin mota ce mai sulke, kamar an sanya shi a cikin wata hanya ta caterpillar. Irin wannan makirci ya ba da damar samun ingantaccen tsari mai ƙarfi tare da dakatarwa na roba da isasshiyar share ƙasa.
Sakamakon ya kasance tanki tare da injin gaba, baya - watsawa da sashin fada. A kallo na farko, kamanni da matsakaicin tanki na Ingilishi Mk A Whippet, wanda ya bayyana a fagen fama kawai a cikin Afrilu 1918, ya kasance mai ban mamaki. Tankin LK-I yana da turret mai juyawa, kamar yadda samfurin Whippet (Tritton's light tank). An gwada karshen a hukumance a Ingila a cikin Maris 1917. Wataƙila leken asirin Jamus yana da wasu bayanai game da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen. Duk da haka, ana iya bayyana kamancen tsarin ta hanyar zaɓin tsarin mota a matsayin tushe, yayin da aka yi amfani da bindigu, ingantattun tururuwa akan motocin masu sulke ta kowane ɓangarorin yaƙi. Bugu da ƙari, dangane da ƙirar su, tankunan LK sun bambanta sosai da Whippet: sashin kulawa yana bayan injin, tare da wurin zama direban da ke kusa da axis na abin hawa, kuma a bayansa akwai sashin fada.
Jikin sulke na madaidaiciyar zanen gado an haɗa shi akan firam ta amfani da riveting. Silindrical riveted turret yana da rungumar hawa mashin ɗin MG.08, an rufe shi daga tarnaƙi da garkuwoyi na waje guda biyu kamar tururuwa na motoci masu sulke. Dutsen mashin ɗin an sanye shi da injin ɗagawa. A cikin rufin hasumiyar akwai ƙyanƙyashe zagaye da murfi mai ɗamara, a bayan bayan akwai ƙaramin ƙyanƙyashe biyu. Hawan jirgin da saukar ma'aikatan an yi shi ta cikin ƙananan kofofi guda biyu da ke gefen rukunin yaƙin da ke gaba da juna. Tagar direban an lullube shi da murfi na leaf biyu a kwance, a cikin ƙananan reshe wanda aka yanke ramukan kallo guda biyar. An yi amfani da ƙyanƙyashe tare da murfi a gefe da rufin ɗakin injin don hidimar injin. Wuraren shaƙatawa suna da masu rufewa. Gwajin teku na samfurin farko na LK-I ya faru a cikin Maris 1918. Sun yi nasara sosai, amma an yanke shawarar kammala zane - don ƙarfafa kariyar makamai, inganta chassis da daidaita tanki don samar da taro. | ||||||
Bayan sun nuna shimfidar tankin Jamus na yakin duniya na farko A7V, umarnin ya ba da shawarar ƙirƙirar "supertanks" masu nauyi. An damƙa wannan aikin ga Josef Volmer, amma ya yanke shawarar cewa har yanzu yana da ma'ana don gina injunan haske waɗanda za a iya ƙirƙira da sauri da ƙari. Sharuɗɗan don ƙirƙirar da sauri da tsari na samarwa shine kasancewar ƙungiyoyin motoci da yawa. A cikin sashin soja a wancan lokacin akwai motoci daban-daban sama da 1000 tare da injuna 40-60 hp, waɗanda aka gane cewa ba su dace da amfani da su a cikin sojojin ba, waɗanda ake kira "masu cin mai da taya". Amma tare da hanyar da ta dace, yana yiwuwa a sami ƙungiyoyi na raka'a 50 ko fiye kuma, a kan wannan, ƙirƙira batches na motocin yaƙi masu haske tare da samar da raka'a da majalisai.
