Motar sulke mai sulke mai haske "Motoci masu sulke masu haske" (2 cm), Sd.Kfz.222 The leken asiri sulke mota da aka ɓullo da a 1938 da Horch kamfanin da kuma a cikin wannan shekara ya fara shiga cikin sojojin. Dukkanin tayoyin wannan na'ura mai aksle biyu ana tuka su da tuƙi, tayoyin suna da juriya. Siffar ƙwanƙwasa da yawa tana samuwa ta hanyar birgima ta faranti na sulke waɗanda ke tare da gangara kai tsaye da kuma baya. An samar da gyare-gyare na farko na motocin sulke tare da injin 75 hp, kuma na baya tare da ikon hp 90. Makaman na motar da ke dauke da sulke da farko ya kunshi bindigar mashina mai girman mm 7,92 (mota ta musamman 221), sai kuma bindigar atomatik mai tsawon mm 20 (motar ta musamman 222). An shigar da makamai a cikin ƙaramin hasumiya mai sassauƙa da yawa na jujjuyawar madauwari. Daga sama, an rufe hasumiya tare da murhu mai nadawa. An kera motoci masu sulke ba tare da tururuwa ba a matsayin motocin rediyo. An saka eriya iri-iri a kansu. Motoci na musamman 221 da 222 sune daidaitattun motocin sulke masu sulke na Wehrmacht a duk lokacin yaƙin. An yi amfani da su a cikin kamfanonin motoci masu sulke na bataliyoyin leken asiri na tankoki da ƙungiyoyin motoci. Gabaɗaya, an samar da injuna sama da 2000 na irin wannan. Manufar Jamus na yakin walƙiya ya buƙaci bincike mai kyau da sauri. Makasudin rukunin binciken shi ne gano abokan gaba da inda sassansa suke, don gano wuraren da ba su da rauni a cikin tsaro, da sake duba wuraren kariya da mashigar. Binciken ƙasa an ƙara shi ta hanyar binciken iska. Bugu da kari, fagagen ayyuka na sassan binciken sun hada da lalata shingen yaki na abokan gaba, da rufe sassan sassansu, da kuma bin abokan gaba. Hanyoyin cimma wadannan manufofin sun hada da tankunan bincike, motoci masu sulke, da kuma masu sintiri na babura. An raba motoci masu sulke zuwa manya-manya, masu takalmi shida ko takwas, da kuma masu nauyi, wadanda ke da takalmi hudu da nauyin yaki da ya kai kilogiram 6000. Manyan motocin sulke masu haske (leichte Panzerspaehrxvagen) sune Sd.Kfz.221, Sd.Kfz.222. Wasu sassa na Wehrmacht da SS sun kuma yi amfani da motocin sulke da aka kama a lokacin yakin Faransa a Arewacin Afirka, a Gabashin Gabas da kuma kwace daga Italiya bayan mika wuya ga sojojin Italiya a 1943. Kusan a lokaci guda tare da Sd.Kfz.221, an ƙirƙiri wata mota mai sulke, wanda shine ƙarin ci gaba. Westerhuette AG, da F.Schichau shuka a Elblag (Elbing) da Maschinenfabrik Niedersachsen Hannover (MNH) a Hannover ne suka kirkiro aikin. (Dubi kuma "Matsakaici mai ɗaukar ma'aikata masu sulke "Mota ta musamman 251") Sd.Kfz.13 Sd.Kfz.222 ya kamata ya karɓi ƙarin makamai masu ƙarfi, yana ba shi damar yin nasarar yaƙi har ma da tankunan abokan gaba masu haske. Don haka, baya ga mashin din MG-34 mai girman diamita 7,92, an sanya karamar bindigar (a nan Jamus wadda aka ware da ita a matsayin bindigu) 2 cm KWK30 20mm caliber a kan motar mai sulke. An ajiye makaman a cikin sabuwar hasumiya mai gefe goma mai fa'ida. A cikin jirgin sama na kwance, bindigar tana da sashin harbe-harbe madauwari, kuma raguwa / tsayin daka ya kasance -7g ... + 80g, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a harba duka a kasa da kuma iska. Motar sulke Sd.Kfz. 221 A ranar 20 ga Afrilu, 1940, Heereswaffenamt ya umarci kamfanin na Berlin Appel da F.Schichau shuka a Elbloig don samar da sabon karusa na 2 cm KwK38 gun 20 mm caliber, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a ba da bindigar wani kusurwa daga -4. +87 digiri. Sabuwar karusar, mai suna "Hangelafette" 38. daga baya aka yi amfani da ban da Sd.Kfz.222 a kan sauran sulke motoci, ciki har da Sd.Kfz.234 sulke mota da kuma leken asiri tank "Aufklaerungspanzer" 38 (t). Motar sulke Sd.Kfz. 222 Turret din motar mai sulke a sama a bude take, don haka a maimakon rufin sai da karfen karfe da aka shinfida wayoyi. An rataye firam ɗin, don haka ana iya ɗaga raga ko saukar da raga yayin yaƙi. Sabili da haka, ya zama dole don kwantar da ragar yayin da ake harbe-harben iska a wani kusurwar sama da +20 digiri. Dukkanin motocin masu sulke na dauke da na'urorin gani na TZF Za, kuma wasu daga cikin motocin na dauke da na'urorin Fliegervisier 38, wanda hakan ya sa aka iya harba jiragen sama. Bindigar da bindigar mashin ɗin suna da abin kashe wutar lantarki, dabam ga kowane nau'in makami. Nuna bindigar da aka nufa da jujjuya hasumiya an yi shi da hannu. Motar sulke Sd.Kfz. 222 A shekara ta 1941, an ƙaddamar da chassis da aka gyara a cikin jerin, wanda aka sanya shi a matsayin "Horch" 801/V, sanye take da ingantacciyar injiniya tare da ƙaura na 3800 cm2 da ƙarfin 59.6 kW / 81 hp. A kan injunan sakewa daga baya, an haɓaka injin zuwa 67kW / 90 hp. Bugu da kari, sabon chassis yana da sabbin fasahohin fasaha guda 36, ​​wadanda mafi mahimmanci daga cikinsu sune birki na ruwa. Motoci masu sabon “Horch” 801/V chassis sun karɓi nadi Ausf.B, kuma motocin da ke da tsohuwar “Horch” 801/EG I chassis sun karɓi nadi Ausf.A. A watan Mayu 1941, an ƙarfafa sulke na gaba, wanda ya kawo kauri zuwa 30 mm. Rumbun sulke ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa: - makamai na gaba. - m makamai. - sulke na gaba mai karkata zuwa ga siffar rectangular. - sulke na baya sulke. – booking ƙafafun. - grid. - tankin mai. – wani bangare tare da buɗaɗɗen fan na aidin. - fuka-fuki. - kasa. - kujerar direba. - kayan aiki panel. - juyawa hasumiya poly. - sulke turret. An welded tarkacen daga farantin sulke na sulke, masu welded ɗin suna jure harsashi. Ana shigar da farantin sulke a wani kusurwa don tada harsasai da harsasai. Makamin yana da juriya da harba harsasan bindiga a kusurwar ganawa na digiri 90. Ma'aikatan motar sun ƙunshi mutane biyu: kwamanda / mashin bindiga da direba. Makamin gaba. Makamin gaba yana rufe wurin aiki na direba da sashin fada. Ana walda farantin sulke guda uku don samar da isasshen sarari don direban yayi aiki. A cikin farantin sulke na gaba na sama akwai rami don shingen kallo tare da ramin kallo. Ragon kallo yana a matakin idon direba. Hakanan ana samun tsage-tsalle na gani a cikin faranti na gaba na sulke na tarkace. Binciken ƙyanƙyashe murfin yana buɗe sama kuma ana iya gyara shi a ɗayan wurare da yawa. Ana yin gefuna na ƙyanƙyashe suna fitowa, an tsara su don samar da ƙarin ricochet na harsasai. An yi na'urorin bincike da gilashin da ba ya iya harsashi. Ana ɗora tubalan masu fa'ida a kan robar don ɗaukar girgiza. Daga ciki, ana shigar da ɗorawa na roba ko fata sama da tubalan kallo. Kowane ƙyanƙyashe yana sanye da makullin ciki. Daga waje, an buɗe makullin tare da maɓalli na musamman. Makamin baya. Bayan faranti sulke suna rufe injin da tsarin sanyaya. Akwai ramuka biyu a cikin bangarorin biyu na baya. Wurin da ke sama yana rufe ta hanyar ƙyanƙyashe hanyar shiga injin, na ƙasa an yi niyya don samun iskar iska zuwa tsarin sanyaya injin kuma an rufe masu rufewa kuma ana fitar da iska mai zafi. Bangaren kwandon baya kuma suna da wuraren da za a iya shiga injin, gaba da bayan kwalin suna manne da firam ɗin chassis. Ajiyayyen dabaran. Majalisun dakatarwar gaba da ta baya ana kiyaye su ta hanyar iyakoki masu sulke masu iya cirewa, waɗanda aka kulle su a wuri. Lattice. Don kare kariya daga gurneti na hannu, ana shigar da gasasshen karfe a bayan injin. Wani ɓangarorin lattin ɗin yana naɗewa, yana yin wani irin ƙyanƙyashe na kwamanda. Tankunan mai. Ana shigar da tankunan mai na ciki guda biyu kai tsaye a bayan babban kan injin kusa da faranti na sulke na baya na sama da na ƙasa. Jimlar karfin tankuna biyu shine lita 110. An haɗe tankuna zuwa maƙallan tare da ƙwanƙwasa masu ɗaukar girgiza. Baffle da fan. An raba rukunin fada daga injin injin ta hanyar bangare, wanda ke haɗe zuwa ƙasa da sulke mai sulke. An yi rami a cikin sashin da ke kusa da wurin da aka shigar da injin injin. An rufe radiator da ragamar karfe. A cikin ƙananan ɓangaren ɓangaren akwai rami don bawul ɗin tsarin man fetur, wanda aka rufe ta hanyar bawul. Akwai kuma rami don radiator. Mai fan yana samar da ingantaccen sanyaya na'urar radiyo a yanayin zafi har zuwa digiri Celsius 30. Ana daidaita yanayin zafin ruwa a cikin radiyo ta hanyar canza kwararar iska mai sanyaya zuwa gare shi. Ana ba da shawarar kiyaye zafin jiki mai sanyaya a cikin digiri 80 - 85 Celsius. Fuka-fuki. An buga fenders daga karfen takarda. An haɗa ɗigon kaya a cikin shingen gaba, waɗanda za a iya kulle su da maɓalli. Ana yin tsiri na hana zamewa akan shingen baya. Bulus. Kasan an yi shi ne da zanen ƙarfe daban-daban, wanda samansa an lulluɓe shi da nau'in lu'u-lu'u don ƙara rikici tsakanin takalman ma'aikatan motar sulke da kuma shimfidar bene. A cikin shimfidar ƙasa, an yi yankan don sanduna masu sarrafawa, an rufe ƙullun tare da sutura da gaskets waɗanda ke hana ƙurar hanya shiga cikin ɗakin fada. Wurin zama direba. Wurin zama direban ya ƙunshi firam ɗin ƙarfe da hadedde na baya da wurin zama. An kulle firam ɗin zuwa ƙasa marshmallow. Ana yin ramuka da yawa a cikin ƙasa, wanda ke ba da izinin motsa wurin zama kusa da ƙasa don jin daɗin direba. Mafarkin baya shine karkatawar daidaitacce. panel kayan aiki. Dashboard ɗin ya ƙunshi na'urorin sarrafawa da jujjuyawar tsarin lantarki. An ɗora sashin kayan aiki akan kushin matashin kai. An haɗa toshe tare da maɓalli don kayan aikin haske zuwa ginshiƙin tuƙi. Siffofin mota masu sulke Akwai nau'o'i biyu na motar sulke mai juzu'in 20mm na atomatik, wanda ya bambanta da nau'in bindigar. A farkon sigar, an ɗora bindigar 2 cm KwK30, akan sigar ƙarshe - 2 cm KwK38. Makamai masu ƙarfi da kuma nauyin albarusai masu ban sha'awa sun ba da damar yin amfani da waɗannan motocin masu sulke ba kawai don bincike ba, amma a matsayin hanyar rakiya da kare motocin rediyo. Ranar 20 ga Afrilu, 1940, wakilan Wehrmacht sun sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da kamfanin Eppel daga birnin Berlin da kamfanin F. Shihau daga birnin Elbing, yana samar da ci gaban aikin don shigar da 2 cm "Hangelafette" 38. harsashin bindiga a kan wata mota mai sulke, wanda aka kera don harba makamai masu linzami. Shigar da sabon turret da manyan bindigogi ya kara yawan adadin motar sulke zuwa kilogiram 5000, wanda ya haifar da wani nauyi na chassis. Kassis da injin sun kasance iri ɗaya kamar na farkon sigar motar Sd.Kfz.222 masu sulke. Shigar da bindigar ya tilastawa masu zanen canza tsarin ginin, kuma karuwar ma'aikatan zuwa mutane uku ya haifar da canji a wurin na'urorin lura. Sun kuma canza tsarin tarunan da suka rufe hasumiya daga sama. Eiserwerk Weserhütte ne ya tattara bayanan motar, amma F. Schiehau daga Edbing da Maschinenfabrik Niedersachsen daga Hannover. Fitar da kaya. A karshen shekarar 1938, Jamus ta sayar da motoci masu sulke guda 18 Sd.Kfz.221 da 12 Sd.Kfz.222 ga kasar Sin. An yi amfani da motoci masu sulke na kasar Sin Sd.Kfz.221/222 a yakin da ake yi da Japanawa. 'Yan kasar Sin sun sake baiwa motoci da dama makamai ta hanyar shigar da bindigar Hotchkiss mai tsawon mm 37 a cikin yankan turret. A lokacin yakin, sojojin Bulgaria sun karbi motocin sulke guda 20 Sd.Kfz.221 da Sd.Kfz.222. An yi amfani da waɗannan injina wajen ladabtar da 'yan jam'iyyar Tito, da kuma a cikin 1944-1945 a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe da Jamusawa a yankin Yugoslavia. Hungary da Austria. Farashin mota guda ɗaya mai sulke Sd.Kfz.222 ba tare da makamai ba shine 19600 Reichsmarks. An kera jimlar injuna 989. Ayyukan aikin Yaƙin nauyi 4,8 T Girma: Length 4800 mm nisa 1950 mm tsawo 2000 mm Crew 3 mutane Takaita wuta 1x20 mm bindiga ta atomatik 1x1,92 mm bindiga Harsashi 1040 harsashi 660 zagaye Ajiye: goshin goshi 8 mm hasumiya goshin 8 mm nau'in injin carburetor Matsakaicin iko 75 h.p. Girma mafi girma 80 km / h Tanadin wuta 300 km Sources: P. Chamberlain, HL Doyle. Encyclopedia na Tankunan Jamus na Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu; M.B. Baryatinsky. Motoci masu sulke na Wehrmacht. (Tarin Armor No. 1 (70) - 2007); G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia na Duniya Tankuna 1915 - 2000"; Dokokin H.Dv. 299 / 5e, ƙa'idodin horo ga sojojin masu sauri, ɗan littafin ɗan littafin 5e, Horarwa a kan motar sulke mai sulke mai haske (2 cm Kw. K 30) (Sd.Kfz. 222); Alexander Lüdeke Makamai na Yaƙin Duniya na II.