Mai kara kuzari a cikin motar - yadda yake aiki da abin da ke karya a cikinta. Jagora

Mai kara kuzari a cikin mota mai injin mai yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Wannan ba kawai na'urar tsabtace iskar gas ba ce kawai. Tsarin kona man fetur kuma ya dogara da wannan sinadari, watau. aikin injin da ya dace da aiki.

Mota mai kara kuzari kalma ce ta magana don mai canza catalytic, wanda shine kashi na tsarin shaye-shaye, kuma aikinsa shi ne rage adadin mahadi masu cutarwa a cikin iskar gas. An yi amfani da catalysts shekaru da yawa. Kasancewarsu a cikin tsarin shaye-shaye an tsara su ta hanyar ƙa'idodi, saboda kowace mota dole ne ta cika wasu ƙa'idodin tsabtace iskar gas. Sabbin su, mafi tsananin su ne.

Wani lokaci da ya wuce mun fara amfani da DPFs waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin masu kara kuzari a cikin motocin diesel. Yanzu lokaci ya yi don masu canza mata a cikin injunan mai..

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Mai kara kuzari a cikin mota - ka'idar aiki

A waje, mai kara kuzari yana kama da muffler a cikin tsarin shaye-shaye (kuma yana cikin wannan tsarin). Gwanin gwangwani ne tare da tashoshi masu yawa na saƙar zuma mai rufi tare da abubuwan da suka dace, galibi platinum, amma har da rhodium da palladium. Wadannan karafa ne masu daraja, shi ya sa ake samun lokuta na satar abubuwan kara kuzari.

Ayyukan waɗannan mahadi suna da nufin rage abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan da ke da guba a cikin iskar gas. Wannan yana faruwa ne sakamakon shigar da sinadarai tare da iskar gas.

Ya danganta da kayan da aka yi amfani da shi don masana'antu, mun rarrabe tsakanin nau'ikan masu kunnuwa guda biyu: ceramic castalssts (tare da katako na ƙarfe).

Duba kuma: Barayi sun fi son kayan gyara fiye da motoci, yanzu suna farautar masu kara kuzari

A cikin tsofaffin nau'ikan motoci, mai haɓakawa yana kan bututun shaye-shaye a ƙarƙashin ƙasan motar. A cikin sababbin samfura, masu haɓakawa sun riga sun kasance a cikin yawan shaye-shaye. Wannan ya faru ne saboda buƙatar bin ƙa'idodin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan abubuwan hawa. Mai kara kuzari da aka shirya ta wannan hanya yana yin zafi da sauri don haka yana aiki da inganci.

Catalyst a cikin injin konewa na ciki - mafi yawan rashin aiki

Duk da yanayin aiki mara kyau (babban yanayin zafi, zafi, tasiri), masu haɓakawa na'urori ne masu ɗorewa. Yawancin suna tsayawa har zuwa gudu 200. km har ma ya fi tsayi, ko da yake ingancin tsaftacewar iskar gas ya lalace a wasu masu kara kuzari (ana iya gano wannan, alal misali, yayin binciken fasaha).

Koyaya, wasu tsofaffin nau'ikan abubuwan haɓaka yumbu ba su da juriya ga lalacewa ta inji. A cikin irin waɗannan na'urori, ƙirar yumbura ta ƙare. Wannan ya fi zama ruwan dare a cikin motoci masu injunan LPG inda ba a daidaita saitin iskar gas yadda ya kamata.

Duk da haka, irin wannan lalacewa kuma na iya faruwa a cikin abin hawa mai ƙarfi da mai.

- Wannan yana faruwa lokacin da tsarin kunnawa ya kasa. Sa'an nan kuma wani yanayi na iya tasowa lokacin da konewar man fetur ya faru a cikin na'ura mai mahimmanci, kuma ba a cikin silinda ba, in ji Slavomir Szymczewski, wani makanikin mota daga Słupsk.

Irin wannan yanayin na iya tasowa lokacin ƙoƙarin kunna injin akan abin da ake kira. ja, watau a ja da wani abin hawa ko a tura shi. A wannan yanayin, akwai haɗarin cewa kashi na man fetur zai fada a kan mai kara kuzari kuma ya ƙone a can, wanda zai haifar da karuwar zafin jiki.

Har ila yau, mai kara kuzari na iya kasawa lokacin da, bayan doguwar tuƙi (injin ya kai ga mafi kyawun yanayin aiki), mun shiga cikin wani zurfin ruwa na ruwa. Sa'an nan mai kara kuzari zai yi sanyi da sauri, wanda zai iya shafar aikinsa na gaba.

Wannan yawanci yana shafi masu haɓaka yumbura. Karfe masu kara kuzari sun fi dorewa (amma kuma sun fi tsada). Bugu da ƙari, suna yin zafi da sauri fiye da abubuwan haɓaka yumbu don haka suna kaiwa ga mafi kyawun yanayin aiki da sauri.

Alamun gazawar catalytic Converter a cikin mota

Babban alamun gazawar catalytic Converter shine raguwar ƙarfin injin ko hayaniya daga ƙarƙashin chassis.

- Wannan shi ne halayyar sauti na ringing ko rattling, - ya bayyana Slavomir Shimchevsky.

Kuskuren catalytic Converter yana gaya mana laifinsa ta hanyar walƙiya hasken CHECK akan dashboard (amma kuma yana sanar da mu wasu kurakuran injin).

Wasu direbobin suna gyara wannan matsala ta hanyar yanke abin da ke kashe wutar lantarki tare da sanya wani yanki na bututun shaye-shaye a wurinsa. Wannan hukuncin bai bi ka'ida ba, saboda ya saba wa abin hawa da kuma kara halaccin fitar da hayaki. A dubawa na gaba a tashar dubawa, mai binciken, bayan nazarin iskar gas (da kuma duba a ƙarƙashin chassis), da sauri ya gane cewa motar ba ta da tsari, kuma ba za ta buga binciken ba.

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A cikin sababbin motocin da ke da mai haɗin bincike na OBDII, cirewar catalytic Converter yana haifar da lalacewar injin, kamar yadda Ana cire bayanai daga mai haɓakawa ta hanyar binciken lambda (wani lokacin akwai ƙari).

- Wannan firikwensin yana da alhakin ainihin adadin cakuda. Idan ba shi da isassun karatun mai kara kuzari, sai ya yi allurar ba daidai ba, kuma hakan na iya haifar da kara gazawa, in ji makanikin.

Kawar da gazawar mai kara kuzari

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu kacal don gyara matsalar rashin aikin mai kara kuzari - maye gurbin wanda ya lalace da sabo ko kuma sabunta shi. Har zuwa kwanan nan, farashin masu kara kuzari na iya cika aljihun mai motar. A halin yanzu, akwai masu maye da yawa a kasuwa a farashi mai sauƙi.

Mafi sauƙaƙan yanayi don zaɓar mai canzawa shine lokacin da aka ɗora wannan na'urar akan bututun shaye-shaye da ke gudana ƙarƙashin chassis. Sa'an nan kuma za ku iya shigar da mai kara kuzari na duniya wanda ba a tsara shi don takamaiman samfurin mota ba (ikon injin kawai yana da mahimmanci). Farashin irin wannan na'urar ya bambanta tsakanin PLN 200-800.

“Duk da haka, a cikin manyan motoci na zamani, na’urorin shaye-shaye sun fi rikitarwa. Yana da abubuwa da yawa masu haɓakawa, gami da waɗanda ke cikin tarin shaye-shaye. Wannan yana da wuya a yi amfani da maye gurbin, in ji Slavomir Szymczewski.

A wannan yanayin, farashin mai haɓakawa zai iya kaiwa PLN 4000.

Maganin yana iya zama don sake haifar da mai kara kuzari. Yawanci farashin jeri na irin wannan sabis ɗin shine rabin farashin sabon samfur. Matsalar ita ce buƙatar hana motar ta kwanaki da yawa, tun da sabuntawa ba sabis na gaggawa ba ne.

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Wasu masu motoci sun gwammace su yi amfani da na'ura mai canza motsi. Bugu da ƙari, gaskiyar cewa kashi na iya gazawa, ba a ba da izinin taron da aka kashe ba. A bisa doka, ana ɗaukar mai kashe wutar lantarki kamar sharar da aka yi niyyar zubarwa. Amma kuna iya samun kuɗi daga gare ta. Za mu iya siyar da abin da aka yi amfani da shi, wanda ba ya aiki don haka ya rufe farashin siyan sabo, aƙalla wani ɓangare. Akwai kamfanoni da yawa a kasuwa waɗanda ke siyan waɗannan abubuwa kuma suna fitar da karafa masu daraja daga cikinsu.

Wojciech Frölichowski