Wace taswira za a zaɓa don hawan dutse?

Wannan, ba shakka, ya faru da ku kafin ... Wani ɗan bike na dutse mai ban sha'awa, sha'awar kasada kwatsam, yantar da shi daga hanya, kuma a can ... rasa cikin kore 🌳. Babu sauran hanya. Babu sauran hanyar sadarwa. Sau da yawa waɗannan biyun suna tafiya tare, in ba haka ba ba abin jin daɗi ba ne. Kuma sai sanannen ya zo: "Ba shakka, ban dauki katin ba."

A cikin wannan labarin, zaku sami duk shawarwarinmu don fahimta, zabar da kuma tsara kart ɗin ku don dacewa da ayyukanku da yanayin da kuke hawa.

Fasaha da nau'ikan katunan

Fasaha:

• Ana rarraba katin akan dijital mai kama da "ONLINE",
• Ana rarraba katin akan ma'aunin dijital na zahiri "OFFLINE",
• Ana rarraba taswirar akan takarda 🗺 ko a cikin takaddar dijital (pdf, bmp, jpg, da sauransu).

Nau'in katunan dijital:

• Raster maps,
• Maps na nau'in "vector".

Taswirar "kan layi" tana ci gaba da gudana kuma tana buƙatar haɗin Intanet don nunawa. An zazzage taswirar "offline" kuma an riga an shigar da ita a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar na'urar.

Taswirar raster hoto ne, zane (Topo) ko hoto (Ortho). An bayyana shi ta hanyar ma'auni don kafofin watsa labaru na takarda da ƙuduri (a cikin dige-dige ko inch ko dpi) don kafofin watsa labaru na dijital. Misali mafi yawanci a Faransa shine taswirar IGN Top 25 a 1/25 akan takarda ko 000m akan kowane pixel akan dijital.

A ƙasa akwai misalin taswirar raster kamar IGN 1/25, maɓuɓɓuka daban-daban guda uku akan sikeli ɗaya, waɗanda ke cikin Ardenne Bouillon massif (Belgium), Sedan (Faransa), Bouillon (Belgium).

Ana samun taswirar vector daga rumbun adana bayanai na abubuwa na dijital. Fayil ɗin jerin abubuwa ne da aka siffanta ta hanyar saitin daidaitawa da jerin halaye (halayen) kusan mara iyaka. Aikace-aikace (wayar hannu) ko software (website, PC, Mac, GPS) waɗanda ke zana taswira akan allon, cirewa daga wannan fayil abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin wurin da taswirar ta nuna, sannan zana maki, layi da polygons akan allo.

Don hawan dutse, mafi yawan amfani da bayanai na taswirar taswira na Opentreetmap (OSM).

Misalai na yau da kullun na taswirar vector. Bayanan farko iri ɗaya ne kuma duk an ɗauke su daga OSM. Bambancin bayyanar yana da alaƙa da software da ke yin taswira. A gefen hagu akwai taswirar keken dutse wanda marubucin ya keɓance shi, a tsakiyar akwai salon 4UMAP (Standardized MTB) wanda OpenTraveller ya gabatar, a dama akwai taswirar keken dutse daga CalculIt Route.fr.

Bayyanar taswirar raster ya dogara da edita 👩‍🎨 (mai zanen da ya zana hoton, idan kuna so), kuma bayyanar taswirar vector ya dogara da software da ke zana hoton, ya danganta da ƙarshen amfani.

Domin wannan yanki, bayyanar taswirar vector da aka tsara don hawan dutse na iya bambanta sosai. Kuma ya danganta da manhajar da ke nuna su, hawan dutse da taswirorin kekuna su ma za su kasance da hotuna daban-daban. Wannan rukunin yanar gizon yana ba ku damar samun ra'ayi na yuwuwar iri-iri.

Bayyanar taswirar raster koyaushe zai kasance iri ɗaya.

Wani muhimmin bambanci shine wakilcin haɓakawa, wanda yawanci abin dogaro ne kuma daidai ga taswirar IGN (raster), amma ƙasa da daidaito akan taswirar vector. Rukunin bayanan altimeters na duniya suna inganta. Don haka, sannu a hankali wannan rauni zai ɓace.

Software na lissafin hanya (routing) na GPS *, aikace-aikace ko software na iya amfani da hawan keke na hanyoyi, hanyoyi, hanyoyin da aka shigar a cikin bayanan OSM don ƙididdige hanya.

Inganci da dacewa da hanyar da aka tsara ya dogara da samuwa, cikawa da daidaiton bayanan keken da aka haɗa a cikin bayanan OSM.

(*) Garmin yana amfani da hanyar da aka fi sani da hot ways (heatmap) don tsara hanya ta amfani da GPS, wadda ita ce hanya mafi yawan amfani da ita. Dubi Garmin Heatmap ko Strava hatamart.

Yadda za a zabi taswirar GPS?

Kan layi ko a layi?

Yawancin lokaci raster kan layi kyauta ko taswirar vector akan PC, Mac, ko wayoyi. Amma idan kuna tafiya a cikin daji, musamman a cikin tsaunuka, tabbatar cewa kuna da hanyar sadarwar bayanan wayar hannu a duk faɗin filin wasan.

Lokacin da aka "dasa" a cikin yanayi mai nisa da komai, sawun sawun farin ko bango shine babban lokacin sirri.

Nawa ne kudin katin GPS?

Tsarin girma ya kasance daga 0 zuwa 400 €; Duk da haka, farashin ba daidai yake da inganci ba. A wasu ƙasashe, kodayake farashin katin yana da yawa, ingancin yana iya zama mara kyau. Dangane da inda kuke zama kuma ya danganta da nau'in katin, kuna buƙatar siyan katunan da yawa ko ma katunan daga ƙasashe da yawa (misali yawon shakatawa na Mont Blanc wanda ya ratsa Faransa, Switzerland da Italiya).

Wane irin ajiya ya kamata a tanadar don taswirar GPS?

Ana iya wakilta taswirar azaman tayal ko tayal (misali, kilomita 10 x 10), ko kuma tana iya mamaye ƙasa baki ɗaya ko ma nahiya gaba ɗaya. Idan kuna buƙatar katunan da yawa, tabbatar cewa kuna da isasshen ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Girman taswirar, ko ƙarin taswira, yawan lokacin da na'ura mai sarrafa GPS dole ne ya kashe sarrafa waɗancan taswirorin. Don haka, yana iya ragewa sauran sarrafawa kamar bugu.

Shin zan sabunta taswirar GPS ta akai-akai?

Taswirar ba ta daina aiki da zarar ta samu, saboda tsoma bakin ɗan adam, abubuwan faɗa, ko kawai ciyayi da ke hana ta haƙƙoƙinta. Wataƙila kun lura cewa waɗanda ba su yi aure ba suna da ɗabi'a mai ban haushi don canzawa da sauri, har ma su shuɗe!

Sau nawa zan sabunta taswirar tushe?

Wannan na iya juya zuwa ƙuntatawa akan aiki lokacin da kasafin sabuntawa ya yi girma. Matukar yuwuwar yin ɓacewa ko gano hanyarku sifili ne ko kaɗan, babu buƙatar sabunta katin akai-akai; Hankalin ku zai sauƙaƙa haɗa giɓin da ke tsakanin taswira da shimfidar wuri. Idan an tabbatar da yuwuwar yin ɓacewa ko nemo hanyarku, yakamata ku sami katin kwanan nan. An rasa don samun kanku, kuna buƙatar samun damar haɗa taswira da yankin da ke kewaye, in ba haka ba tafiya mai nishadi na iya motsawa cikin sauri zuwa galey.

Wane irin ɗaukar hoto na ƙasa ko abubuwan jan hankali?

Dangane da ƙasar, hatta a cikin Tarayyar Turai, ɗaukar hoto da ingancin wasu taswira ba su da kyau ko ma da talauci. Taswirar raster na 1 / 25 (ko daidai) na kowace ƙasa baya wuce iyakokin ƙasar. Ana sanya wannan taswira akan bangon da ba a taɓa gani ba saboda overlays, koyaushe za a sami wurin fari ko žasa babba akan allo a gefe ɗaya ko ɗayan iyakar. Dubi hoto a ƙasa dama.

Misali, don ziyarar jagora na Mont Blanc, taswirar dole ne ta ƙunshi ƙasashe uku. Dangane da ko hanyar za ta kasance a ƙafa, keken dutse ko keke, saboda kusancin hanyar zuwa iyakoki, ma'auni da samun taswira, dangane da ƙasar, wuraren taswirar raster (nau'in IGN) za a nuna su cikin farar fata. fiye ko žasa mahimmanci.

OpenStreetMap ya ƙunshi duk duniya, gami da bayanan taswirar hukuma na kowace ƙasa. Iyakoki ba su da matsala! 🙏

Duk bayanan hoto na hukuma (kayan aiki, gine-gine, da sauransu) suna bayyana a cikin bayanan OSM. In ba haka ba, da aka ba cewa masu aikin sa kai ne ke kammalawa da haɓaka wannan bayanan zane-zane, gwargwadon yadda muka gangara zuwa cikakken matakin dalla-dalla, mafi yawan ɗaukar hoto zai kasance.

Misalin kamanni na murfin zane mai tsallaka kan iyaka (hanyar gaba ta bar tambarin layin launi da yawa da ke gudana tsakanin ƙasashe biyu). A hannun dama akwai taswirorin raster na Jamus da Belgium, rubuta IGN. Tasirin taswirar taswirar IGN ta Jamus tana rufe IGN na Belgium a ƙasashen waje na kilomita da yawa, an ɗora alamar a kan iyakokin iyakoki, kusan ba za a iya gani ba, lokacin da aka canza matsayi na taswirori a cikin jerin, akasin haka ya faru. A gefen hagu taswirar vector (daga OSM) yana da ƙarfi, babu tazara.

Amfanin amfani da kati abin dogaro

• Yi tsammanin karo na jiki
• Yi tsammanin canji a hanya
• Kwantad da rai,
• Kewaya kuma sami kanku bayan kuskuren kewayawa,
• Sake hanyar yanar gizo idan wani abin da ba a yi tsammani ya faru ba kamar gazawar injina ko ɗan adam, yanayin yanayi mara tsammani, da sauransu. Hattara da zaɓin hanya ta atomatik, wani lokacin yana da kyau a tuƙi fiye da kilomita fiye da ketare hanyar wucewa! 😓

Sharuɗɗan zaɓin katin

• 👓 katin karantawa,
• Daidaiton (sabon) na bayanan hoto,
• Amincewa da taimako ⛰.

Mai hawan dutse, mai tuƙi, mai tudu ko mai gabas zai fi son taswirar nau'in raster kamar IGN topo (ISOM, da sauransu). Yana motsawa "dan kadan" a hankali, zai iya fita daga hanya kuma dole ne ya kulla alaka tsakanin abin da yake gani akan taswira da kuma a kasa. Taswirar raster, wanda shine zane na alama na yanki, ya dace da wannan dalili.

Mai keke 🚲 yana da sauri a cikin aikinsa kuma dole ne ya tsaya a kan titin kwalta ko "a mafi munin yanayi" hanyoyin tsakuwa, yana da cikakkiyar sha'awar amfani da taswirar vector tare da taswirar hanya da kuma taswirar hanya. kewayawar hanyar mota, ko na babur, da sauransu.

Kewayon aikin MTB yana tafiya daga hanya kamar mai keke zuwa mahara. Saboda haka, duka nau'ikan katunan sun dace.

A kan keken dutse, wanda manufarsa ita ce ta hau kan tituna da marasa aure, saurin tafiya yana da yawa. Taswirar da ke jaddada fa'idar hanyoyi da hanyoyin za su fi dacewa, watau taswirar vector da aka daidaita don hawan dutse ko UMAP nau'in raster farantin 4 (bayanan OSM "rasterized").

⚠️ Wani muhimmin al'amari na kyakkyawan taswirar keken dutse shine wakilcin hanyoyi da hanyoyi... Ya kamata taswirar ta bambanta tsakanin hanyoyi, hanyoyi da hanyoyi ta hanyar hoto kuma, idan zai yiwu, haskaka ma'auni don dacewa da hawan keke. Idan an shirya taron a ƙasashe da yawa ko a cikin ƙasashe ba tare da IGN daidai ba, zabar taswirar vector yana da mahimmanci.

Misalin taswirar vector da aka buga don amfani da MTB

Ma'auni na karanta taswira

Matakin daki-daki

Ba shi yiwuwa a fasahance a sanya komai a kan katin ɗaya, in ba haka ba zai zama wanda ba za a iya karantawa ba. A lokacin haɓakawa, ma'auni na taswirar yana ƙayyade matakin daki-daki.

• Don taswirar raster wanda koyaushe ana samun shi a takamaiman ma'auni (misali: 1/25), matakin daki-daki yana daidaitawa. Don ganin ƙarin ko žasa dalla-dalla, kuna buƙatar taswirar raster mai yawan Layer, kowane Layer a ma'auni daban-daban (matakin daki-daki daban-daban). Software na nuni yana zaɓar Layer da aka nuna bisa ga matakin zuƙowa (ma'auni) da allon ya buƙata.
• Don taswirar vector, duk abubuwan dijital suna cikin fayil ɗin, software da ke zana taswirar akan allo tana zaɓar abubuwan da ke cikin fayil ɗin daidai da yanayin taswirar da sikelinsa don nuna su akan allon.

A cikin yanayin taswirar raster, mai amfani zai ga duk abubuwan da ke kan taswirar. A cikin yanayin taswirar vector, shirin yana zaɓar abubuwan da aka nuna akan allon.

A ƙasa don yanki guda ɗaya, a gefen hagu akwai taswirar raster na IGN 1/25000, a cikin tsakiya (OSM vector 4UMAP) kuma a dama akwai taswirar vector tare da abin da ake kira "Garmin" don hawan dutse.

Hannun zane-zane

• Alamar katin ba ta daidaita; kowane edita yana amfani da hoto daban-daban 📜.
• An bayyana taswirar raster a cikin pixels kowace inch (misali, hoto, zane). Ƙirƙirar ƙima yana raguwa ko ƙara pixels kowane inch na taswirar don dacewa da ma'aunin da allo ke buƙata. Taswirar za ta yi kama da "slobbering" da zaran ƙimar zuƙowa da ake nema akan allon ya fi taswirar girma.

Taswirar raster IGN Jimlar taswirar girman 7 x 7 km, ya isa ya rufe madauki na 50km, ma'aunin nunin allo 1/8000 (ma'aunin keken dutse na yau da kullun) a gefen hagu, an ƙirƙiri taswirar a sikelin 0,4, 1 m / pixel (4000/100), girman kwamfuta 1,5 MB, a gefen hagu, an halicci taswirar a ma'auni na 1 m / pixel (15000/9), girman kwamfuta shine XNUMX MB.

• Taswirar vector koyaushe yana bayyana akan allon, ba tare da la'akari da sikelin ba.

Taswirar Vector daga OSM, mai rufe fuska iri ɗaya kamar na sama, girman taswira 18 x 7, girman kwamfuta 1 MB. Ma'aunin nunin allo 1/8000 Al'amari mai hoto yana zaman kansa daga ma'aunin ma'auni (scaling).

Hoton da ke ƙasa yana kwatanta dangane da yinwa (don amfani akan kekunan dutse a ma'auni ɗaya) taswirar Gamin TopoV6 a hagu, a tsakiyar IGN France 1 / 25 (wanda ya fara blur a wannan sikelin) da OSM '000. Katin U-"(OpenTraveller)

Sabanin taswira da launuka

Yawancin aikace-aikace, shafuka ko software suna da menus don zaɓar da zabar taswira, kamar OpenTraveller ko UtagawaVTT.

• Don taswirar raster, ƙa'idar iri ɗaya ce da na nuna hoto. Tsarin taswira na asali (kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoto) yana buƙatar samun bambanci mai kyau, kuma ingancin allo dangane da haske ko bambanci yana da mahimmanci don samun taswirar da za a iya karantawa a duk yanayin hasken rana.
• Don taswirar vector, baya ga ingancin allo da aka ambata a sama, ƙa'idodin da software ko aikace-aikacen ke amfani da su ko amfani da su za su sa taswirar ta zama “ sexy” ko a’a. Don haka, kafin siye, yana da mahimmanci a kimanta taswirar da aikace-aikacen ya zana ko kuma ta hanyar software da aka yi amfani da ita akan allon na'urar da aka zaɓa.

A cikin yanayin GPS, mai amfani zai iya daidaita sabanin abubuwan taswirar vector:

• Taswirar Garmin Topo ta hanyar gyara, gyara ko maye gurbin fayil ɗin * .typ.
• GPS TwoNav fayil ne * . yumbu wanda yake a cikin shugabanci iri ɗaya da taswira. Ana iya canza shi ta amfani da shirin Land.

Daidaito da Ma'aunin Dogara

Gaba ɗaya:

• Taswirar, da zarar an buga ta, ta ƙunshi ɓarna daga gaskiyar da ke ƙasa, wannan ya faru ne saboda juyin halitta (tellurism), yanayi (ciyayi), sa hannun ɗan adam 🏗 (gini, halarta, da dai sauransu).
• Katin da ƙungiya ta sayar ko rarrabawa koyaushe yana bayan filin. Waɗannan bambance-bambancen sun dogara ne da ranar da aka daskare ma'ajin bayanai, kwanan wata da ta wuce ranar rarrabawa, yawan abubuwan sabuntawa, kuma, sama da duka, raunin ƙarshen mai amfani ga waɗannan ɗaukakawa.
• Taswirorin “kyauta” da ke akwai don saukewa koyaushe za su kasance sababbi kuma sun fi dacewa da shimfidar wuri fiye da takwarorinsu na kasuwanci da taswirorin raster.

OpenStreetMap bayanai ne na haɗin gwiwa 🤝 don haka sabuntawa suna gudana. Masu amfani da software na taswira kyauta za su zana kai tsaye daga sabuwar sigar OSM.

Ma'auni na zagaye

OpenStreetMap yana ba mai ba da gudummawa damar ba da labari game da hanyoyin keke da hanyoyi da ƙayyadaddun halayen MTB don fayil ɗaya. Wadannan bayanan ba a cika su cikin tsari ba, ana yin haka ne bisa umarnin marubuta 😊.

Don gano idan wannan bayanan yana cikin ma'ajin bayanai, muna ba da shawarar yin amfani da OpenTraveller da taswirar UMap 4. A cikin misalin da ke ƙasa, ƙwararrun suna cikin ja, hanyoyin suna cikin baƙar fata, kuma ana sanya ma'auni na keke na MTB a matsayin lakabin da aka haɗe zuwa hanya ko kuma marasa aure.

Misali na almara (labarin) wanda Freizeitkarte ke amfani dashi (taswirar vector kyauta don Garmin GPS)

Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna rashin daidaituwa a cikin gabatarwar keke na MTB. Baya ga amincin taswirar don hawan dutse, wannan bayanan yana da amfani ga masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa don ƙididdigewa da bayar da shawarar hanyoyin da suka dace don hawan dutsen.

Duk manyan tituna suna nan, wanda shine tabbacin inganci ga masu keke. Manyan hanyoyin keken keke (Hanyoyin Eurovelo, hanyoyin keke, da sauransu) suna da alamar ja da shunayya. Mutanen da ke tafiya akai-akai da keke za su iya amfani da katin (misali, tattara kekuna, yawo).

Hanyoyi da hanyoyin da suka dace da hawan dutse suna da alamar shuɗi. Hanya mai yawa iri ɗaya ne tsakanin tabo mai launin shuɗi, ba su da al'ada ga aikin MTB a cikin bayanan bayanai saboda saboda rashin mahalarta na gida.

Keɓance katin

Keɓantawa shine game da bayyana halayen katin MTB. Misali, don hawan dutsen XC, manufar wannan keɓancewa shine don fitar da zane-zanen hanyoyi, hanyoyi, hanyoyi, ɗaiɗaiɗi (hangen hoto, launi, da sauransu). Don gyare-gyaren Enduro MTB, taswirar na iya jaddada zane-zane da bayyanar hanyoyi akan maki (chevrons, dashes, da dai sauransu) Musamman, kewayon yiwuwar yana da fadi sosai.

Yawancin masu siyar da kayan aikin GPS ko wayoyin hannu suna da saitunan kansu. Mai amfani 👨‍🏭 bashi da iko.

• A cikin Garmin, an ayyana yanayin yanayin taswirar a cikin fayil a cikin tsari .typ, ana iya maye gurbin wannan fayil ko gyara tare da editan rubutu. Kuna iya samun shi akan layi don saukewa, ko kuma kuna iya ƙirƙirar naku na musamman. [Hanyar aiki don haɓaka ku .typ daga wannan mahaɗin ne] (http://paraveyron.fr/gps/typ.php).
• TwoNav yana da irin wannan ka'ida, fayil ɗin sanyi yana cikin tsarin * .clay. Dole ne ya kasance yana da suna iri ɗaya da taswira kuma ya zauna a cikin macarte_layers.mvpf ( taswirar OSM) macarte_layers.clay (appearance) directory. Ana yin saitin kai tsaye akan allon ta amfani da software na Land ta hanyar akwatin maganganu.

Hoton da ke gaba yana nuna ƙa'idar saiti ta amfani da LAND da iyakance duk saituna.

• A gefen hagu, “akwatin maganganu” yana haɓaka nau'ikan abubuwa, a tsakiyar akwai taswira, a hannun dama akwai akwatin maganganu da aka keɓe don abubuwan nau'in "hanyar" da ake amfani da su don siffanta abu, launi, siffa, da sauransu. yiwuwa suna da yawa kuma sun wuce iyakar wannan labarin.
• Babban iyaka shine matakin gudummawa "ko da yaushe". A cikin wannan misali, waƙar tana bin enduro guda ɗaya ko DH (ƙasa). Abin takaici, ba a haɗa waɗannan fasalulluka cikin bayanan taswira ba.

• Sauran iyaka ita kanta ba ta zane-zane ba ce, amma aibi ne a cikin allon GPS ko wayar salula wanda za a iya rage shi ta hanyar tweaking ba tare da gyarawa ba.

shawarwari

Don GPS

mai kawowa	Kudin	Maps	Raster / Vector
bryton	free	Babban GPS kawai Keke Buɗe Map na Custom Bryton An riga an shigar da shi kuma akwai don gyarawa	V
Garmin	Mai biya	Mouse Vx Vector ya wadatar da bayanan IGN ko makamancinsa (a wajen Faransa) Duban hoto mai iya daidaitawa Keke keke na musamman ko hawan dutse.	V
Mai biya	Idon tsuntsu Daidai topo 1/25 IGN ou Matsakaicin matsakaici IGN (hoton iska)	R
free	Katin kyauta OpenStreetMap An saita kallon hoto ta taswira dangane da aikin	V
free	Katin Alexis	V
free	BuɗeTopoMap	V
free	Bude MTBmap	V
free	Mobac	R
Hammerhead Karoo	free	Ƙaddamar da ƙayyadaddun OpenStreetMap na keke, an riga an shigar da shi, tare da takamaiman canje-canje na ƙasa.	V
lezyn	Taswirar Waya (app)
Nav Biyu	Mai biya	Hoton Topographic Ƙananan Ƙaddamar IGN (Saya ta ƙasa, sashe, yanki ko 10 x 10 slab kilomita) IGN Ortho TomTom (na musamman don hawan keke ..) OpenStreetMap yana daidaita mai amfani.	R R V V
free	Kowane irin taswira tare da kayan aikin Duniya, sikanin takarda, JPEG, KML, TIFF, da sauransu. IGN High Definition Topo (Cheрез Mobac) Babban Ma'anar IGN Ortho (Ta Mobac) OpenStreetMap yana daidaita mai amfani.	R R R V
Yahoo	free	An riga an shigar da saitin Wahoo Opentreetmap wanda za'a iya gyara shi.	V

Lura cewa sabon tayin da KAROO yayi don keken GPS yana amfani da Android OS wanda ke da yuwuwar dacewa da iya aiki iri ɗaya da wayar hannu, kawai kuna buƙatar shigar da app ɗin da ya dace a ciki don samun wayar hannu mai GPS.

Don wayo

Apps na wayo 📱 yawanci suna ba da taswirori na kan layi daga OSM tare da saitunan al'ada, keke, hawan dutse, da sauransu.

Ya kamata mai amfani ya gano:

• hali, ban da ɗaukar bayanan wayar hannu da cajin yawo a wajen Faransa,
• ikon ƙara taswira ba tare da haɗawa ba
• cewa taswirar ta ƙunshi duk hanyoyin tafiyarku idan kuna da manyan tsare-tsaren balaguro.

Yi hankali saboda wasu ƙa'idodin za a yi amfani da su a cikin ƙasar kawai, kodayake yawancin na duniya ne.

Wanne kati za a zaɓa don wane aikin waje?

Taswirar Raster	Taswirar Vector
Farashin MTB	⭐️	⭐️⭐️
VTT DH	⭐️	⭐️⭐️
Farashin MTB	⭐️	⭐️⭐️
MTB Walk / Tafiya	⭐️⭐️⭐️
Bikin dutse / iyali	⭐️⭐️⭐️
tafiya	⭐️⭐️⭐️
Keke wasanni	⭐️	⭐️⭐️
Tazarar keke tsakanin kekuna	⭐️⭐️	⭐️
dutsen dutse	⭐️	⭐️⭐️
Raid	⭐️⭐️⭐️
daidaituwa	⭐️⭐️⭐️
Gudun sama	⭐️⭐️⭐️

hanyoyi masu amfani

• Osm Map Wiki don Garmin
• Canza Bayyanar Garmin Topo Vx Maps
• Taswirori kyauta don Garmin GPS
• Shigar Freizcarte a kan Garmin GPS navigator
• Yadda ake Ƙirƙirar Taswirar Garmin Kyauta
• Yadda ake ƙirƙirar taswirar tushe na OpenStreetMap
• TwoNav yadda ake ƙirƙirar taswirar vector tare da madaidaicin layin kwane-kwane