Yadda Generator / Abubuwan da ke Aiki

Kowa ya sani, ko kusan ya sani, ana amfani da janareta ne wajen samar da wutar lantarki ga bukatun mota.

Duk da haka, ta yaya ake samar da wutar lantarki? Ta yaya injin zafi zai iya samar da halin yanzu?

Hasali ma, ka’ida ce ta zahiri, wacce ta dade kamar duniya, ko kuma ta tsufa kamar kimiyyar lissafi, tunda mutum ya gano cewa ta hanyar jujjuya maganadisu a cikin na’urar waya ta jan karfe, yana samar da wutar lantarki. Za mu iya samun ra'ayi cewa muna rayuwa a cikin wani zamani fasaha, amma har yanzu dole ne mu sami wani abu mafi alhẽri daga wannan wawa tsarin, kamar kowa da kowa ...

Saukake zane

na ra'ayi

Injin a kashe, maganadisu baya motsawa kuma babu abin da ya faru ...

Injin yana kunne,

maganadisu ya fara juyawa, wanda ke motsawa electrons gabatar a jan karfe zarra (Electrons kamar kwayoyin halitta ne masu rufe fata). shi wani maganadisu magnet da ke motsa su. Sa'an nan kuma muna da rufaffiyar da'ira wanda electrons tafiya cikin da'ira, to muna da wutar lantarki. Wannan ka'ida iri daya ce ga kamfanonin makamashin nukiliya, da masu samar da wutar lantarki, ko ma na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki.

Injin zafi yana jujjuya magnet (electro) a cikin nada, wanda sai ya samar da wutar lantarki. Baturin yana karba kuma yana adana shi a cikin sinadarai. Lokacin da alternator ya daina aiki (saboda dalilai daban-daban) ba zai ƙara cajin baturin ba kuma hanya ɗaya da za a lura da hakan ita ce ganin hasken faɗakarwar baturi ya kunna lokacin da injin yana aiki (tsaya tare da kunnawa). Wannan yayi kyau).

Kayan aiki

Rotor

Ƙarshen (na'ura mai juyi don juyawa), saboda haka, na iya zama magnet na dindindin ko na zamani (electromagnet "dosed", aika da mafi girma ko ƙananan tashin hankali na yanzu, zane na nau'ikan zamani). Yana jujjuya kuma an haɗa shi da crankshaft ta bel ɗin kayan haɗi. Sabili da haka, an haɗa shi da bearings wanda zai iya lalacewa da sauri idan bel ɗin ya yi yawa (tare da karar maɓalli).

Tsintsiya / Carbon

Game da na'ura mai amfani da wutar lantarki (babu magnet din dindindin), wajibi ne a iya kunna rotor yayin da yake jujjuyawa da kansa ... Haɗin lantarki mai sauƙi bai isa ba (wayar za ta yi iska a kanta). kaina!). A sakamakon haka, kamar yadda yake a cikin farawa, akwai garwashin da aikinsu shine samar da hulɗa tsakanin abubuwa biyu masu juyayi. Yayin da ya ƙare, ana iya ɓacewa lamba kuma janareta zai daina aiki.

stator

Stator, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, yana tsaye. A yanayin canjin yanayi uku, za mu sami stator da aka yi da coils uku. Kowannen su zai samar da wani alternating current a lokacin da magnet din ya ratsa ta cikin rotor saboda electrons dinsa zasu motsa saboda karfin maganadisu da magnet din ya jawo.

Mai sarrafa wutar lantarki

Tunda alternators na zamani suna da electromagnet a tsakiyar su, zamu iya canza amperage, sa shi ƙara ko žasa aiki (idan muna ba da shi, yana ƙara zama magnet mai ƙarfi). Saboda haka, ya isa a sarrafa halin yanzu da aka ba wa stator ta kwamfuta don iyakance ikon da ke fitowa daga maƙallan stator.

Wutar lantarki da aka samu bayan tsari bai kamata ya wuce 14.4 V ba.

Gadar Diode

Yana gyara halin yanzu don haka yana jujjuya alternating current (wanda ke zuwa daga mai canzawa) zuwa kai tsaye (na baturi). Muna amfani da ƙwararrun taro na diodes da yawa a nan, sanin cewa ƙarshen za a iya ketare ta hanya ɗaya kawai (saboda haka, bisa ga jargon, akwai hanyar wucewa da kuma hanyar toshewa). Diode kawai yana ba da damar halin yanzu don gudana daga + zuwa -, amma ba akasin haka ba.

Saboda haka, idan muka yi amfani da alternating current zuwa shigarwar, akwai kullun kai tsaye a wurin fitarwa.

Alamar baturi = janareta ba ya aiki?

Wannan yana nufin cewa ƙarfin wutar lantarki da abin hawa ke buƙata a halin yanzu ana samar da shi ne da farko ta baturi ba ta hanyar mai canzawa ba. Yawancin lokaci muna sane da matsalar lokacin da ya zama dole don sake kunna motar kamar yadda mai farawa, wanda ke da wutar lantarki, ba shi da wani abu da zai yi aiki da shi. Don koyon yadda ake gwada janareta a cikin mintuna 3, je nan.

Load ɗin daidaitawa?

Shigar da na'urori na zamani yana dogara ne akan na'urar lantarki, wato a matakin na'ura mai juyawa (godiya ga bel). Ta hanyar daidaita ruwan 'ya'yan itacen da aka yi masa allura a cikin electromagnet, sai mu canza ƙarfinsa na lantarki (ƙananan ko žasa da ƙarfin maganadisu), kuma godiya ga wannan, za mu iya canza adadin wutar lantarki da ke haifar da alternator.

Lokacin da batirin gubar gubar ya yi sanyi, muna aika masa da ƙarin ƙarfin lantarki saboda yana yin caji mafi kyau idan yana da ƙananan zafin jiki, kuma muna yin akasin haka lokacin zafi.

Bugu da kari, motoci na zamani kan tara litar man fetur nan da can ta hanyar dabaru iri-iri, kuma kashe na’urar na’ura na daya daga cikinsu. A wannan yanayin, ya isa ya yanke wutar lantarki zuwa maganadisu idan ba ku so ku sami juzu'i mai ƙarfi a matakin alternator (wanda ke cikin hulɗar kai tsaye tare da injin ta bel), kuma akasin haka, shi yana aiki cikakke lokacin da kuke son dawo da kuzari yayin raguwa (lokacin da injin birki yake yi, ba mu damu da asarar juzu'i ko makamashin motsi ba). Saboda haka, a wannan lokacin ne fitilar dawo da gaggawa ta haskaka a kan dashboard (ba shakka, duk wannan ana sarrafa shi ta kwamfuta). A sakamakon haka, masu canzawa suna da ɗan hankali, kawai suna kunnawa a mafi kyawun lokaci kuma lokacin da ake buƙata, don iyakance lokacin juriya a matakin bel na kayan haɗi sau da yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu.

Mai son kai?

Idan baturi ba ya aiki da rotor, to, babu halin yanzu da za a samar ... Duk da haka, idan duk abin da ke jujjuya a cikin babban gudu, za a iya samar da wani halin yanzu: wani irin Magnetic remanence zai haifar da wani halin yanzu a cikin rotor, wanda. saboda haka zai zama magnet. Daga nan sai na’urar ta jujjuya daki-daki a kusan 5000 rpm da sanin cewa saurin injin zai ragu (akwai raguwar kayan aiki saboda girman nau’in jan karfe daban-daban a madaidaicin matakin idan aka kwatanta da juzu’i. Damper).

Ana kiran wannan tasirin kai tsaye don haka yana ba da damar janareta don samar da halin yanzu ko da ba tare da ƙarfafa shi ba.

Babu shakka, wannan matsalar ba ta da mahimmanci idan muna magana ne game da janareta na maganadisu na dindindin.

Ga keɓantaccen mai canzawa. Kibiyar tana nuni zuwa ga juzu'in da za'a yi amfani da shi don gudanar da aikinsa.

Anan yana cikin toshe injin, muna ganin bel ɗin da ke tuƙa shi.

Belin yana motsa janareta wanda ke canza motsi zuwa wutar lantarki ta wurin taron da aka kwatanta a sama. Ga na karshe a cikin motoci biyu da aka dauka ba da gangan ba.

The propeller damar sanyi janareta

A cikin hoton, zaku iya ganin wayar tagulla ta cikin ramummuka.

Duk tsokaci da martani

karshe sharhin da aka buga:

filin wasa MAFITA MAI SHAFI (Kwanan wata: 2021 08:26:06)

A yau, kuma kusan shekaru goma, masu canzawa suna "ƙarƙashin sarrafawa," ma'ana cewa samar da su na yanzu zai dogara ne akan amfani da abin hawa, ba baturi ba.

Misali: Yayin hanzari, ƙarfin lantarki da aka tsara yana raguwa zuwa 12,8 V, ana kiran wannan ballast mai ceton makamashi akan ƙafafun tuƙi.

A nan gaba, zai zama akasin haka, kuma za mu iya dawo da makamashin "kyauta".

Sannan kowane yanayi da ke buƙatar ƙarin wutar lantarki (kwandishan, taimakon tutiya, aikin tsarin birki na hana kullewa) yana yiwuwa ya ƙayyade ƙimarsa don ƙarfin wutar lantarki (wani lokacin fiye da 15 volts).

Don tabbatar da wannan aiki, an saita "mafi kyawun matakin caji" na baturin a 80 zuwa 85% kuma ba zai ƙara 100% tare da masu sarrafawa da aka riga aka daidaita su zuwa 14.5 volts ba.

Domin samun damar "farfado" ƙarfin birki, ba lallai ne ya cika baturi ba ...

Wadannan ayyuka suna buƙatar batura masu ɗaukar shi (EFB ko AGM), kuma a kowane hali ba za su šauki tsawon shekaru 8-10 ba, amma kimanin shekaru 3-5, saboda sun kasance sulfate.

Babban misali na APV shine Scenic na 2014, tare da gazawar baturi akai-akai tare da buƙatar yin cajin desulfate na gyara aƙalla sau ɗaya a wata bayan amfani da barazanar raguwa akan hanya.

Rushewar ƙasa akai-akai: gajeriyar tafiye-tafiye na birni da zagaye, ƙaramin injin rpm a zagaye, injin wutar lantarki yana kunna, wanda ke rage ƙarfin baturi sosai, bishiyar Kirsimeti a teburin, a cikin mafi munin yanayi, injin injin yana tsayawa saboda ƙarancin ikon kwamfuta na allura, wannan. party ne!

Ba mu samu ko’ina da wannan fasaha ba sai ’yan gram na CO2, wanda zai kashe mai siye da tsada ta fuskar batura da duk wani abu na bacin rai.

Wannan yana tunatar da ni 2 volt 6Cv na, inda dole ne a yi caji akai-akai.

Kuma ba ni ma magana game da wannan babbar zamba ta tasha-da-tafi. Batura nawa, masu farawa da masu canzawa ke buƙatar maye gurbinsu da lita 1 ƙasa da 100 a cikin tuƙi na birni?

Barka da sa'a da yini mai kyau.

Jo'l.

Ina I. 4 amsa (s) ga wannan sharhin:

• Ray Kurgaru MAFITA MAI SHAFI (2021-08-27 14:39:19): Na gode, yau na koyi abu ɗaya ko biyu daga gare ku game da baturi. 😎

  Har zuwa tsayawa da farawa, na yarda da ku gaba ɗaya.

  Lura: Baturi na yanzu a cikin 200 Mercedes C2001 CDI ya wuce shekaru 10 kuma har yanzu yana raye.

• Admin ADAMIN JAHAR (2021-08-30 11:09:57): Lokacin da na ga masu amfani da Intanet na wannan matakin suna shiga shafin, nakan gaya wa kaina cewa ban rasa komai ba.

  Na sake godewa don raba duk waɗannan niceties, yana da kyau ganin wasu mutane har yanzu suna da launin toka 😉

• Patrick 17240 (2021-09-02 18:14:14): Sannu Ina da RV dangane da Ducato 160cv euro 6 tare da farawa da tsayawa da adblue kuma yayin tuƙi na janareta kawai cajin 12,2V, ya kai fiye da 14 V. ragewa, amma ba a bayyane yake cewa koyaushe akwai babban raguwa a gaban matakin ba kuma ina samun cajin baturin a kusan 12,3 V (voltmeter akan soket ɗin sigari) kuma Fiat ya ce al'ada ce… tana cire akwatin kusa da mummunan. Matsakaicin baturi muna samun cajin kusan mafi ƙarancin 12,7, wanda zai fi kyau, amma ba ya fara farawa kuma yana tsayawa (a zahiri), amma parasitizes a cikin rediyo .. batirina yana caji da kyau godiya ga DC-DC da aka shigar masana'anta .. kuna da wata mafita kuma kun san game da wannan matsalar
• jgodard MAFITA MAI SHAFI (2021-09-03 05:27:22): Привет,

  Bayan haka, a yau duk motoci suna aiki ta wannan hanyar. Kashe firikwensin matakin baturi yana cikin mafita kuma yana hana tsayawa da farawa, wanda a ganina ya fi kyau ga motar fasinja (lalacewar farawa, baturi ko janareta a tsakiyar yankin Balkan, ba rag!).

  Mai ƙira ba zai samar muku da mafita ba saboda babu shi a sashen sabis. Kwamfuta za ta buƙaci sake tsarawa ta yadda za ta gano matakin baturi kusa da 100%, ya kamata a halin yanzu kuna da 80%.

  Mai fasaha ne kawai wanda zai iya canza nunin zai iya yin wannan, akwai al'umma gaba ɗaya da ke da himma da ƙwarewa da ƙwarewa waɗanda za su iya kallon wannan, amma ba shakka zai kasance a layi.

  Nemo a kusa da ku don "sake fasalin injin" kuma nemo ƙwararren ƙwararren "tabbatacciyar shaida" wanda ya san yadda ake canza sigogin ECU. Idan kuna tsibirin Faransa, ina da adireshi, in ba haka ba suna wanzu a cikin ƙasa. Kudin wannan nau'in shiga tsakani ya dogara da sauƙin samun damar yin amfani da zane-zane, idan cire kwamfutar ba lallai ba ne, abin ba'a ne, in ba haka ba yana da kusan 150 Tarayyar Turai.

  Yanzu ya isa ga masu fasaha su damu da wannan matsalar, yakamata ku sami mafita. Kuna cinye ɗan ƙaramin man fetur saboda kiyaye baturi a matakin da ya dace yana da ƙarancin farashi, amma abin ba'a ga abin hawa ('yan gram na CO2).

  Sa'a.

  Jo'l.

(Za a iya ganin post ɗinku a ƙarƙashin sharhin bayan tabbaci)

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