Matsakaicin tanki na Italiyanci M-13/40 M13/40 Tankin Matsakaici. Tankin M-11/39 yana da ƙananan halayen yaƙi kuma rashin tsari na makamansa a cikin matakai biyu ya tilasta wa masu zanen kamfanin Ansaldo haɓaka injin na'ura mai ƙira cikin gaggawa. Sabuwar tankin, wanda ya karɓi lakabin M-13/40, ya bambanta da wanda ya gabace shi a farko a cikin sanya makamai: 47-mm cannon da 8-mm gun coaxial coaxial tare da shi an shigar a cikin turret, da kuma coaxial shigarwa. na bindigogin injuna 8-mm guda biyu a cikin takardar ƙwanƙwasa ta gaba, zuwa dama na kujerar direba. Rumbun tsarin firam guda ɗaya kamar M-13/40 an yi shi da faranti masu kauri: 30 mm. An ƙara kauri na sulke na gaban turret zuwa 40 mm. Duk da haka, faranti na sulke suna nan ba tare da gangara mai hankali ba, kuma an yi babban ƙyanƙyashe a cikin sulke na gefen hagu don shigarwa da fita na ma'aikatan. Wadannan yanayi sun rage girman juriya na sulke a kan tasirin harsashi. Chassis yayi kama da M-11/39, amma an ƙara ƙarfin wutar lantarki zuwa 125 hp. Saboda karuwar nauyin yaki, wannan bai haifar da karuwa a cikin sauri da maneuverability na tanki ba. Gaba ɗaya, da yaƙi halaye na tanki M-13/40 bai cika da bukatun na lokaci, don haka da sauri maye gurbinsu a samar da gyare-gyare M-14/41 da M-14/42 dan kadan daban-daban daga gare ta, amma Ba a taɓa ƙirƙirar tanki mai ƙarfi ba har sai Italiya ta mika wuya a 1943. M-13/40 da M-14/41 sun kasance daidaitattun kayan yaƙi na ƙungiyoyin sulke na Italiya. Har zuwa 1943, an samar da motoci 15 (la'akari da gyaran M-42/1772). Daya daga cikin manyan makamai na Italiyanci masu sulke da kuma raka'a a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. Fiat-Ansaldo ya haɓaka a cikin 1939-1940, wanda aka samar a cikin babban sikelin (Italiyanci). By 1940, da shortcomings na M11 / 39 ya bayyana a fili, kuma an yanke shawarar canza ainihin zane da kuma canza shigarwa na makamai. An ƙarfafa babban makamin zuwa igwa mai girman 47 mm (1,85 in) kuma an ƙaura zuwa babban turret, kuma bindigar na'ura ta koma cikin kwanto. Yawancin abubuwan da ke cikin tashar wutar lantarki da chassis na M11/39 sun tsira, ciki har da injin dizal, dakatarwa da ƙafafun hanyoyi. An ba da odar farko na motoci 1900 a cikin 1940, daga baya kuma ya karu zuwa 1960. Tankunan M13 / 40 sun fi dacewa da ayyukansu, musamman idan aka yi la'akari da babban ingancin bindigar anti-tank na Italiyanci 47mm. Ya ba da cikakkiyar daidaiton harbe-harbe kuma yana iya kutsawa cikin sulke na yawancin tankunan Birtaniyya a nesa da ya wuce iyakar tasirin igwansu mai nauyin kilo 2. An shirya kwafin farko don amfani a Arewacin Afirka a cikin Disamba 1941. Kwarewa ba da daɗewa ba ya buƙaci ƙirar "na zafi" na injin tacewa da sauran raka'a. Canjin daga baya ya sami injin mafi girman iko da ƙirar M14 / 41 wanda ɗayan ya ɗaga. Raka'o'in Australiya da na Burtaniya galibi suna amfani da matsakaitan tankunan Italiya da aka kama - a lokaci guda akwai fiye da raka'a 100 "a cikin sabis na Burtaniya". A hankali, samarwa ya koma Zemovente M40 da 75 bindigogi masu kai hari tare da shigar da bindigogi 75-mm (2,96-dm) na tsayin ganga daban-daban a cikin wani ƙaramin gidan ƙafar ƙafa, wanda ke tunawa da jerin gwanon Stug III na Jamus, da kuma tankunan umarni na Carro Commando. . Daga 1940 zuwa 1942, an kera motocin layi 1405 da motocin umarni 64. Matsakaicin tanki M13/40. Serial gyare-gyare: M13 / 40 (Carro Armato) - na farko samar model. Rumbun da turret suna ɗimuwa, tare da kusurwoyi masu hankali na karkata. Ƙanƙarar ƙofar shiga a gefen hagu. Babban makamin yana cikin turret mai juyawa. Tankunan samar da farko ba su da tashar rediyo. An kera raka'a 710. М13/40 (Carro Comando) - Bambancin kwamandan da ba a iya gani ba don tanki da na'urori masu sarrafa kansu. Course da anti-aircraft 8-mm inji bindigogi Breda 38. Biyu gidajen rediyo: RF.1CA da RF.2CA. Kerarre guda 30. M14 / 41 (Carro Armato) - daban-daban daga M13 / 40 a cikin zane na iska tacewa da kuma inganta Spa 15ТМ41 dizal engine da ikon 145 hp. da 1900 rpm. An kera raka'a 695. M14 / 41 (Carro Comando) - sigar kwamandan mara ƙarfi, iri ɗaya a cikin ƙira ga Carro Comando M13/40. An shigar da bindigar inji mai girman mm 13,2 a matsayin babban makami. An yi raka'a 34. A cikin sojojin Italiya, an yi amfani da tankunan M13 / 40 da M14 / 41 a duk gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na ayyuka, ban da gaban Soviet-Jamus. A Arewacin Afirka, tankunan M13/40 sun bayyana a ranar 17 ga Janairu, 1940, lokacin da aka kafa bataliya ta 21 dabam dabam. A nan gaba kuma an sake kafa wasu bataliyoyin tanka 14, dauke da motoci irin wannan. Wasu daga cikin bataliyoyin sun sami wani hadadden tsari na M13 / 40 da M14 / 41. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, an yi amfani da runduna da kayan aikin soja sau da yawa daga samuwar har zuwa samuwar kuma aka mayar da su zuwa sassa daban-daban da gawawwaki. An jibge rundunar sojojin bataliyar ta M13/40 da motocin sulke na AB 40/41 a yankin Balkan. Sojojin da ke iko da tsibiran Tekun Aegean (Crete da maƙwabtan tsibirai) sun haɗa da bataliyar tanki mai gauraya ta M13/40 da tankokin L3. Bataliya ta 16 M14/41 ta kasance a Sardiniya. Bayan capitulation na Italiya a watan Satumba 1943, 22 M13 / 40 tankuna, 1 - M14 / 41 da 16 umurnin motocin samu zuwa Jamus sojojin. Tankunan da suke cikin Balkans, Jamus sun haɗa da bataliyar sulke na rukunin tsaunuka na SS "Yarima Eugene", kuma an kama su a Italiya - a cikin 26th Panzer da 22nd na sojan doki na SS "Maria Theresa". Tankunan M13 / 40 da M14 / 41 sun kasance abin dogaro da motocin da ba a bayyana ba, amma makamansu da makamansu a ƙarshen 1942 ba su dace da matakin haɓaka motocin sulke ba a cikin ƙasashen haɗin gwiwar anti-Hitler. Ayyukan aikin Yaƙin nauyi 14 T Girma:   Length 4910 mm nisa 2200 mm tsawo 2370 mm Crew 4 mutane Takaita wuta 1 x 41 mm igwa. 3 x 8 mm bindigogin injin Harsashi - Ajiye:   goshin goshi 30 mm hasumiya goshin 40 mm nau'in injin dizal "Fiat", nau'in 8T Matsakaicin iko 125 hp Girma mafi girma 30 km / h Tanadin wuta 200 km Sources: M. Kolomiets, I. Moshchansky. Motocin sulke na Faransa da Italiya 1939-1945 (Tarin sulke, Na 4 - 1998); G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia na Duniya Tankuna 1915 - 2000"; Cappellano da Battistelli, tankuna masu matsakaicin Italiya, 1939-1945; Nicola Pignato, Motocin Italiyanci masu sulke 1923-1943.