Don haka, yaki! Tesla: Silindrical element kawai, 4680. Volkswagen: uniform rectangular element

A lokacin Ranar Baturi a cikin Oktoba 2020, Tesla ya ba da sanarwar ƙirƙirar sabon tsarin tantanin halitta, 4680, wanda zai bayyana nan ba da jimawa ba a cikin jeri na abin hawa. Bayan watanni shida, Volkswagen ya ba da sanarwar daidaitattun hanyoyin haɗin gwiwar cuboid wanda zai zama tushen kusan dukkanin rukunin, gami da manyan motoci.

Volkswagen yana kamawa, yana haifar da zamewa na shekaru 2-3 kawai idan aka kwatanta da Tesla

Abubuwan da ke ciki

• Volkswagen yana kamawa, yana haifar da zamewa na shekaru 2-3 kawai idan aka kwatanta da Tesla
  • Menene wannan duka ke nufi ga matsakaicin masu sauraro?

Akwai nau'ikan sel guda uku da ake amfani da su a cikin motocin lantarki:

• silinda (Siffar Silinda) wanda Tesla ya fi amfani dashi,
• rectangular (Turanci prismatic), mai yiwuwa ya fi kowa a tsakanin masana'antun gargajiya, ya yanke shawarar yin hakan Damuwa Volkswagen cikin "kwayoyin halitta daya",
• sachet (jaji), wanda ya bayyana inda abu mafi mahimmanci shine "matsi" gwargwadon ƙarfin baturi gwargwadon ƙarfin da aka bayar.

Kowane ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan yana da fa'ida da rashin amfani: silinda sun kasance sun fi shahara (amfani da kyamarori da kwamfyutoci), don haka Tesla da Panasonic sun kware a cikinsu. Suna kuma ba da garantin babban matakin tsaro. Sachet suna ba da damar samun yawan ƙarfin makamashi mai yawa, amma masu zanen kaya dole ne su tuna cewa za su iya ƙara yawan ƙarar kamar yadda ba su da budewa don saki duk wani iskar gas. Cuboids Waɗannan su ne abubuwan da ke cikin jaka a cikin akwati mai wuya, hanya mafi sauƙi don tara su (misali, daga tubalan) baturi ne da aka yi shi, haka ma, sun fi ƙarfin injiniya.

Volkswagen ya riga ya yi amfani da ƙwayoyin rectangular, amma da alama tsarin su ya kasance aƙalla an daidaita shi da ƙirar motar. Haɗe-haɗe sel yakamata su bayyana a karon farko a cikin 2023, kuma a cikin 2030 yakamata su lissafa kusan kashi 80 na duk sel da aka yi amfani da su:

Sabbin sel ba za a tsara su cikin kayayyaki ba (daga tantanin halitta zuwa marufi), kuma tsari iri ɗaya (form) dole ne ya ƙunshi nau'ikan sunadarai daban-daban a ciki:

• a cikin motoci mafi arha za su yi Kwayoyin LFP (lithium iron phosphate)
• tare da samfurori masu yawa zai nema sel masu girma a cikin manganese (da nickel)
• akan samfuran da aka zaɓa ya bayyana Kwayoyin NMC (nickel-manganese-cobalt cathodes),
• ... ban da su, Volkswagen kuma yana tunawa da ƙwanƙwaran ƙwayoyin electrolyte, saboda yana da kashi 25% na hannun jari na QuantumScape. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwayoyin sel sun riga sun ba da izinin haɓaka 30% a cikin kewayon da caji a cikin mintuna 12 maimakon 20 (bayanai dangane da samfuri):

Amma ga anode, kamfanin ba ya yin wani preconceptions, amma a yau yana gwada graphite da silicon. Yanzu sha'awar: Porsche Taycan da Audi e-tron GT suna da silicon anodesgodiya ga abin da za a iya cajin su da irin wannan babban iko (a halin yanzu: har zuwa 270 kW).

Daga ƙarshe Volkswagen yana son amfani haɗin kai azaman abubuwan tsarin mota (cell zuwa inji) kuma yana kama da daidaitattun sel za a daidaita su don hakan. Duk da haka, kafin Ƙungiyar ta kai ga wannan mataki, dole ne ta wuce wannan mataki. baturi ba tare da kayayyaki ba (cell-to-pack) - inji na farko da aka gina ta wannan hanya zai kasance samfurin da aikin Artemis Audi ya kirkira... Yana yiwuwa za mu ga ra'ayi version na wannan mota riga a 2021.

Baturi na zamani. kwarangwal dinsa links ne. Mataki na gaba shine hanyoyin haɗin da ba ballast ba, amma tsarin tsarin motar - Volkswagen cell-to-mota (c)

Akwai yuwuwar samar da sabbin abubuwan a dukkan masana'antu 6 da Volkswagen ke son kaddamarwa nan da shekarar 2030. (wasu tare da abokan tarayya). Na farko da Northvolt ya gina za a gina shi a Skelleftea, Sweden. Na biyun yana cikin Salzgitter (Jamus, tun 2025). Na uku zai kasance a Spain, Portugal ko Faransa (daga 2026). A cikin 2027, yakamata a ƙaddamar da shuka a Gabashin Turai, gami da Poland., Jamhuriyar Czech da Slovakia sun yarda - ba a yanke shawara ba tukuna. Har ila yau, ba a san inda za a gina tsire-tsire biyu na ƙarshe ba.

Menene wannan duka ke nufi ga matsakaicin masu sauraro?

Daga mahangar mu Babban fa'idar sel masu haɗin kai shine rage farashin samarwa... Tun da za su kasance na duniya, na'urorin atomatik da aka saita a cikin hanya guda za su iya yin aiki a duk tsire-tsire masu damuwa. Ɗayan dakin gwaje-gwaje na bincike ya isa ga nau'in sinadarai guda ɗaya. Duka ne watakila canja wuri zuwa ƙananan farashin motocin lantarki.

Kuma ko da hakan bai faru ba, Tesla, Volkswagen, Audi da Skoda na iya sanya matsin lamba ga sauran kasuwanni. Domin amfani da masu ba da kayayyaki na waje (duba Hyundai, BMW, Daimler,…) ko da yaushe yana nufin ƙarancin sassauci da ƙarin farashi.

Hoto na buɗewa: haɗin haɗin kai na samfurin Volkswagen (c) Volkswagen

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