Tarihin BMW

"Freude am Fahren" ko "jin dadi" shine taken kamfani na BMW.

Idan da alamar Jamusanci ya so ya tallata irin wannan taken ƙasa da shekaru ɗari da suka wuce, da ya fi son: "Farin ciki na tashi." Da farko dai tana aikin kera jiragen sama.

A cikin 1913 Karl Friedrich Rapp ya kafa Rapp Motorenwerke AG. Shekaru uku bayan haka, Gustav Otto, wani kamfanin kera injunan jirage da injina, ya karɓe shi, kuma ya canza suna zuwa Bayerische Flugzeugwerke AG, ko Bavarian Aircraft Works. A cikin 1917, kamfanin ya canza zuwa kamfanin hada-hadar hannun jari na Bayerische Motoren Werke GmbH, kuma bayan 'yan watanni sai dan Ostiriya Franz Josef Popp ya shiga shi. Yana ci gaba da sunansa BMW, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a yau. Tambarin alamar na yanzu kuma ya fito ne daga wancan lokacin - injin jirgin sama mai jujjuya akan bangon shuɗi, wanda ke nuna sararin sama. Ana kuma nuna waɗannan launuka a kan tutar Bavaria, wanda ya kasance wurin zama na BMW tun farkon.

Gustav Otto, wani ƙera jiragen sama, ya karɓi Rapp Motorenwerke a 1916 kuma ya ƙirƙira Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na Bavarian (hoton), wanda zai zama BMW bayan ƴan shekaru.

A ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1919, Franz Zeno Diemer ya karya tarihin tsayin daka a cikin wani jirgin sama da ke amfani da motar BMW IV, yana da tsayin mita 9. Mita 760 a saman kasa.

Farkon babur BMW na farko. R 32, wanda aka gabatar a Berlin a cikin 1923, ya yi babban fantsama.

Bayan yakin duniya na farko, yarjejeniyar Versailles ta hana kera jiragen sama a Jamus. Otto ya rufe masana'antar jirgin sama kuma ya canza zuwa samar da abubuwan da aka gyara don locomotives. A cikin 1919, BMW kuma ya ƙirƙiri ƙirar injin babur na farko. Shekaru hudu bayan haka, motar a kan ƙafafun biyu, R32, ta shirya.

Motar BMW ta farko ita ce 3/15 PS, samfurin da Dixi ya kera a baya, wanda majami'ar Jamus ta kama a shekarar 1928.

"BMW sune babura mafi sauri a duniya." Alamar Jamusanci ta yi alfahari da wannan lokacin bayan Ernest Henne ya hanzarta zuwa 1929 km / h a motar BMW a cikin 216.

BMW 328 na ɗaya daga cikin motocin farko da aka kera daga karce. Motar ta yi kyau a kan hanya. Sama da tsere 1936 aka ci nasara a 40-120.

A shekara ta 1928, BMW ya sayi alamar Dixi, wanda ke kera motoci a ƙarƙashin lasisi daga British Austin Seven, kuma a cikin 1933, an kera motocin farko I6, 327, 328 da 335 bisa ga ainihin ƙirar injiniyoyin Jamus. Yaƙin Duniya na Bavaria shuka sake samar da jirgin sama injuna, kazalika da babura - duk don bukatun sojojin na uku Reich.

A shekara ta 1937, injiniyoyin BMW sun fara bincike kan yanayin motsin motoci. Ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yan itacen waɗannan gwaje-gwajen shine samfurin K1.

BMW 501, kamar magajinsa, 502, an kira shi da "Baroque Angel". Duk da haka, an yi godiya ne kawai bayan shekaru da yawa.

"Mota na biyu kawai" Isetta ce. Wannan karamar motar da ba ta da kyau ta ceci dukiyar kamfanin a cikin shekarun 50.

Matsayin BMW bayan ƙarshen yakin ya kasance mummunan - bam ya kusan lalata shuka a Munich. Izinin gyara kayan aikin sojan Amurka a birnin Allah ya taimaka wa kamfanin ya tashi tsaye. A shekarun baya, ya kuma kera sassan injinan noma da kekuna, sannan a shekarar 1948 ya koma kera babura.

507 aikin fasaha ne na kera motoci. Kyakkyawar ma'aikacin titin, duk da haka, ya gaza a kasuwa kuma ya kusan kashe BMW.

A 700 BMW 1959 aka sani da "zakin-zuciya weasel". Watakila saboda ban da bayyanar da ba a iya gani ba, yana da kyawawan halaye.

Dynamic 1500, wanda aka gabatar a cikin 1963, ya kasance babban nasara. Haka abin ya faru da magajinsa, Model 1800 (hoton).

В начале 501-х годов BMW выпускает первые послевоенные автомобили — модели 502 и 1955. В 507 году с мюнхенского завода выходит Isetta, крошечный автомобиль на трех колесах, чьи удивительно хорошие результаты продаж спасли финансовое состояние немецкой марки. . Коммерческий успех Isetta не повторился, например, с моделью 1956, представленной в году.

Ma'aikacin hanya, wanda aka yi la'akari da aikin fasaha na motoci, ya zama gazawa ta fuskar tattalin arziki. A cikin 1961, alamar ta gabatar da 1500, wanda ya haifar da sabon zamani, wanda aka kafa da motoci kamar 2000 CS ko New Sixes da New Class Series. Na karshen ya aza harsashin sunan samfurin BMW na yanzu. Sabbin Sixes shine kakan Silsi 3 na yau, kuma Sabon Aji shine Silsi 7.

A cikin 1968, alamar Jamus ta gabatar da nau'ikan 2500 (hotuna) da 2800, magabata na 3 Series na yau.

Na farko model na 5-jeri, samar a yau, ya bayyana a kasuwa a 1972.

BMW 2002 turbo ita ce mota ta farko da aka kera a Turai da aka sanye da injin turbo.

A farkon nineties, kamfanin ya fara aiki tare da Rolls-Royce, wanda ya zama dukiya a 1998. Kafin wannan, BMW yayi yaƙi da alamar Burtaniya tare da Volkswagen. Sai a shekara ta 2003 cewa Bavarians sun sami haƙƙin ƙira na sifofin grille da aka sanya tare da adadi na "Ruhu na Ecstasy" da tambarin RR. A halin yanzu, BMW kuma ya mallaki Mini. Hakanan kamfani yana da haƙƙin Triumph, wanda aka cire daga kasuwa a cikin 1984.

An samar da jerin 1975 tun shekaru 3 - babbar nasara ga BMW. Domin fiye da shekaru 30, samfurori na wannan jerin sun sami fiye da miliyan 7 masu saye.

Wani babi a cikin labarin nasara na alamar Jamus shine keɓaɓɓen Series 6. Wannan shine mafi tsayi (shekaru 13) da aka samar a tarihin BMW.

A'a, wannan ba Lamborghini ba ne. Wannan M1 shine kakan M3 da M5 na yau. Duk da haka, kyakkyawan mota, da rashin alheri, bai cimma nasarar da ake sa ran ba.

Daga 1994 zuwa 2000, BMW kuma ya mallaki Rover da Land Rover. An sayar da na farko na samfuran ga haɗin gwiwar Phoenix Venture Holdings na Burtaniya. Land Rover ya tafi damuwa da Ford. Tun 2005, BMW ya kasance mai mallakar BMW-Sauber F1 Formula 1 team, wanda Robert Kubica ya jagoranta, Pole na farko a kan da'irori na farko. Baya ga motocin Jamus, babura kuma suna samun nasara a wasanni. Motocin BMW sun lashe gasar Dakar Rally sau shida.

Motocin BMW sun tabbatar da kimarsu a cikin matsanancin yanayi na Dakar Rally. BMW, dan Belgium Gaston Rahier ya lashe tseren gudun hijira na hamada a 1984 da 1985.

Wata babbar mota a tarihin alamar Jamus ita ce 1 Z1988. Godiya ga sababbin hanyoyin fasaha na fasaha, an kira shi "aikin na gaba".

A 2000, BMW ya koma Formula One da'irori a matsayin BMW Williams F1 tawagar. Direbobin sa a lokacin sune Ralf Schumacher da Jenson Button.

Baya ga masana'antu a Jamus, ana kera motocin BMW a Amurka, Burtaniya, Afirka ta Kudu da China. Za a gina ƙarin tsire-tsire a Girka ko Cyprus (wanda aka shirya buɗewa a cikin 2009) da Indiya (buɗewa a cikin 2007).

BMW Z8 ta shahara a matsayin motar James Bond a cikin fim ɗin 1999 The World Is Not Isa. Pierce Brosnan ya jagorance shi akan allo.

The alatu 7 Series ya kasance flagship BMW tun 1977. A yau mota ce da ke gogayya da, misali, Audi A8, Mercedes S-Class ko Lexus LS460.

M5 shine nau'in wasanni na jerin 5. Ƙarni na huɗu na wannan samfurin (hoton) a halin yanzu yana kan kasuwa, wanda aka gabatar a cikin 2006.

Madaidaicin lafazin alamar sunan a cikin Jamusanci shine "be em we". Abin sha'awa shine, BMW kuma shine sunan sanannen abin sha a Burtaniya, wanda ya haɗa da Baileys, Malibu da Whiskey.

An kara: Shekaru 15 da suka gabata,

hoto: Masu kera kayan latsa