Tarihin samfurin motar Volkswagen

Volkswagen wani kamfanin kera motoci ne na Jamus wanda ke da dogon tarihi. Motocin fasinja, manyan motoci, kananan motocin bas da sauran abubuwa daban-daban suna tashi daga masu jigilar kayayyaki a masana'antar damuwa. A cikin shekaru 30 na karni na karshe a Jamus, an ba da motoci masu tsada kawai masu tsada a kasuwar mota. Ma'aikata na yau da kullun ba su ma yi mafarkin samun irin wannan ba. Masu kera motoci sun yi sha'awar kera motoci ga talakawa kuma suna fafatawa don wannan sashin kasuwa.

Ferdinand Porsche a cikin wadanda shekaru ya sha'awar ba kawai a cikin halittar racing motoci. Ya sadaukar da shekaru masu yawa wajen kerawa da gina ingantacciyar na'ura wacce ta dace da talakawa, iyalai, ma'aikata na yau da kullun waɗanda a lokacin, mafi kyawun iya samun babur. Ya sanya kansa burin ƙirƙirar sabuwar ƙirar mota gaba ɗaya. Ba abin mamaki bane, kalmar "Volkswagen" a zahiri tana nufin "motar mutane." Ayyukan damuwa shine samar da motocin da kowa zai iya isa.

Founder

A farkon 30s, birnin karni na 20, Adolf Hitler, ya umarci mai zane Ferdinand Porsche ya kera motoci masu yawa waɗanda za su iya isa ga yawancin kuma ba su buƙatar tsadar kulawa. Bayan 'yan shekaru da suka wuce, Josef Ganz ya riga ya ƙirƙira ayyuka da yawa don ƙananan motoci. A cikin 33, ya gabatar da babbar mota ga jama'a, a cikin tallan da aka fara jin ma'anar "motar mutane". Adolf Hitler ya tantance wannan sabon abu kuma ya nada Josef Ganz a matsayin shugaban sabon aikin Volkswagen. Amma ’yan Nazi ba za su ƙyale Bayahude ya kasance fuskar wannan muhimmin aiki ba. Duk nau'ikan hane-hane sun biyo baya, wanda ba wai kawai ya hana Josef Ganz jagorantar damuwa ba, har ma ya hana shi damar kera Motar Superior. An tilastawa Gantz tserewa daga kasar kuma ya ci gaba da aiki a daya daga cikin kamfanonin General Motors. Sauran masu zanen kaya kuma sun ba da gudummawar su don ƙirƙirar "motar mutane", ciki har da Bela Bareni, Czech Hans Ledvinka da Jamusanci Edmund Rumpler.

Kafin fara haɗin gwiwa tare da Volkswagen, Porsche ya yi nasarar kera wasu ƙananan motoci masu amfani da baya ga wasu kamfanoni. Su ne suka yi aiki a matsayin samfurori na sanannen "ƙwaro" na gaba a duniya. Ba shi yiwuwa a ambaci mai zane ɗaya wanda shine farkon mahaliccin motocin Volkswagen. Wannan shi ne sakamakon ayyukan mutane da yawa, kawai ba a san sunayensu ba, kuma an manta da cancantarsu.

Motocin farko ana kiransu KDF-Wagen, sun fara kerawa ne a shekarar 1936. An siffanta su da sifofin jiki zagaye, injin mai sanyaya iska da injin da ke gefen motar. A watan Mayu 1937, aka kirkiro kamfanin kera motoci, wanda daga baya aka san shi da suna Volkswagenwerk GmbH.

Daga bisani, an sake sanya wurin da aka kera kamfanin Volkswagen zuwa Wolfsburg. Masu kirkirar sun sanyawa kansu burin gabatar da duniya da irin shuka mai kyau. An yi ɗakunan hutu, shawa da filayen wasanni don ma'aikata. Masana'antar tana da sabbin kayan aiki, wasu an siye su a Amurka, wadanda Jamusawa suka yi shiru da su.

Ta haka ne ya fara tarihin mashahuran masana'antun mota na duniya, wanda a yau ya mamaye wani muhimmin alkuki a kasuwar mota. Yawancin masu haɓakawa sun shiga cikin ƙirƙirar alamar, kowannensu ya ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar "motar mutane". A wancan lokacin, ikon kera motar da za ta samu ga talakawa na da matukar muhimmanci. Wannan ya buɗe sabbin damammaki da yawa a nan gaba, godiya ga wanda a yau akwai mota a kusan kowane iyali. Canza ra'ayi na kera motoci da kuma sauyi na hakika tare da mai da hankali kan 'yan ƙasa na gari ya haifar da sakamako mai kyau.

Alamar

Kowace alamar mota tana da alamarta. Volkswagen ya saba da mutane da yawa da suna da ta alama. Haɗuwa da haruffa "V" da "W" a cikin da'irar nan da nan suna da alaƙa da damuwa na Volkswagen. Haruffa laconically dace juna, kamar dai ci gaba da juna da samar da wani m abun da ke ciki. Ana kuma zaɓi launukan tambarin tare da ma'ana. Blue yana hade da fifiko da aminci, yayin da fari yana hade da daraja da tsarki. A kan waɗannan halaye ne Volkswagen ya fi mayar da hankali.

A tsawon shekaru, alamar ta wuce ta canje-canje da yawa. A cikin 1937, ya kasance haɗuwa da haruffa biyu kewaye da cogwheel tare da fuka-fukan swastika. Sai kawai a ƙarshen shekarun 70 na karnin da ya gabata aka sami canje-canje masu mahimmanci. A lokacin ne aka fara saka launuka shuɗi da fari, fararen haruffa suna cikin shuɗi mai shuɗi. A farkon karni na 21, masu ci gaba sun yanke shawarar yin tambarin mai girma uku. Wannan ya samu ne albarkacin canjin launi, inuwa da karin bayanai. An ji cewa haruffa masu girma uku suna sama da da'irar shuɗi.

Akwai takaddama kan ainihin wanda ya ƙirƙiri tambarin Volkswagen. Da farko, tambarin yana da dalilan 'yan Nazi kuma yayi kama da gicciye a siffarta. Daga baya, an canza alamar. Nikolai Borg da Franz Reimspiess ne suka raba marubucin. An ba wa ɗan wasan Nikolai Borg izini don tsara tambari. Sigar hukuma ta kamfanin ta kira mai zane Franz Reimspies mai kirkirar gaskiya daga ɗayan shahararrun tambura a duniya.

Tarihin kamfanin motoci a cikin samfuran

Ka tuna cewa muna magana ne game da "motar mutane", don haka masu haɓakawa sun bayyana a fili abin da ake bukata don ƙirƙirar motar. Kamata ya yi ya dauki mutane biyar, ya hanzarta zuwa kilomita dari, kudin man fetur kadan ne, kuma yana da araha ga masu matsakaicin matsayi. A sakamakon haka, sanannen Volkswagen Beetle ya bayyana a kasuwar mota, wanda ya sami sunansa saboda siffarsa. An san wannan samfurin a duk faɗin duniya. Bayan karshen yakin duniya na biyu, yawan samar da shi ya fara.

A lokacin yaƙi, an sake sake dasa kayan aikin don buƙatun soja. Sannan an haifi Volkswagen Kübelwagen. Jikin motar a bude yake, an saka injiniya mai karfi, kuma babu wani radiator a gaba domin kare motar daga harsasai da yiwuwar lalacewa. A wannan lokacin, ana amfani da ƙarfin bayi a masana'antar, kuma fursunoni da yawa suna aiki a wurin. A lokacin shekarun yakin, an lalata shuka sosai, amma kafin karshen yakin, an samar da abubuwa da yawa akan sa don biyan bukatun sojoji. Bayan ƙarshen fadan, Volkswagen ya yanke shawarar yin ban kwana da wannan aikin har abada kuma ya koma ga kerar motoci ga mutane.

A ƙarshen 50s, damuwa yana ƙara mayar da hankali kan samar da samfuran kasuwanci. Motar Volkswagen Type 2 ta samu karbuwa sosai, ana kuma kiranta da Hippie Bus, magoya bayan wannan al'adu ne suka zabi wannan samfurin. Tunanin na Ben Pon ne, damuwa ta goyi bayan shi kuma a cikin 1949 na farko bas daga Volkswagen ya bayyana. Wannan samfurin ba shi da irin wannan taro mai yawa kamar Beetle, amma kuma ya cancanci zama almara.

Volkswagen bata tsaya anan ba sai ta yanke shawarar gabatar da motar ta ta farko ta motsa jiki.Halin rayuwar alumma ya karu kuma lokaci yayi da ya kamata a gabatar da Volkswagen Karmann Ghia. Abubuwan fasali na jiki sun rinjayi farashin, amma wannan bai hana cin nasarar babban matakin tallace-tallace ba, jama'a sun karɓi sakin wannan samfurin. Gwaje-gwajen na damuwa bai ƙare a nan ba, kuma bayan wasu shekaru sai aka gabatar da Volkswagen Karmann Ghia mai canzawa. Don haka damuwar ta fara wuce hankali a hankali ta wuce motocin iyali kuma ta ba da samfuran tsada da ban sha'awa.

Juya yanayin tarihin kamfanin shine ƙirƙirar alamar Audi. Don wannan, an sami kamfanoni biyu don ƙirƙirar sabon yanki. Wannan ya ba da damar aro fasaharsu da ƙirƙirar sabbin samfura, gami da Passat, Scirocco, Golf da Polo. Na farko a cikinsu shi ne Volkswagen Passat, wanda ya ari wasu abubuwa na jiki da injina daga Audi. Ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga Volkswagen Golf, wanda aka yi la'akari da shi a matsayin "mafi kyawun siyarwa" na damuwa kuma mota ta biyu mafi kyawun siyarwa a duniya.

A cikin shekarun 80s, kamfanin yana da manyan masu gasa a kasuwannin Amurka da Japan, waɗanda suka ba da ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka masu araha da na kasafin kuɗi. Volkswagen tana siyan wani kamfanin mota, wanda shine Kujerar Mutanen Espanya. Daga wannan lokacin zuwa gaba, zamu iya amincewa game da babbar damuwa ta Volkswagen, wanda ya haɗu da masana'antu daban-daban da kera motoci na aji daban-daban.

A farkon 200s, samfurin Volkswagen sun sami karbuwa a duniya. Model suna cikin tsananin buƙata a cikin kasuwar motar Rasha. A lokaci guda, samfurin Lupo ya bayyana a kasuwa, wanda ya sami karbuwa saboda ingancin mai. Ga kamfanin, ci gaba a fagen amfani da mai da tattalin arziƙi koyaushe yana dacewa.

A yau ƙungiyar Volkswagen ta haɗu da shahararrun mashahuran motocin mota a duniya, gami da Audi, Seat, Lamborghini, Bentley, Bugatti, Scania, Škoda. Kamfanonin kamfanin suna ko'ina cikin duniya, kuma ana gane damuwar a matsayin mafi girma a tsakanin waɗanda ake da su.