Tarihin samfurin motar Fiat

Fiat tana alfahari da matsayi a duniyar mota. Yana ɗaya daga cikin sanannun kamfanoni don kera hanyoyin inji don aikin gona, gini, kaya da jigilar fasinjoji, kuma, ba shakka, motoci.

Tarihin duniya na kera motocin yana tattare da ci gaba na musamman na abubuwan da suka haifar da kamfanin ga wannan shahara. Anan ga labarin yadda wasu gungun businessan kasuwa suka gudanar da jujjuya kasuwancin su gaba ɗaya game da abin hawa.

Founder

A farkon wayewar masana'antar kera motoci, da yawa daga masu sha'awar fara tunani ko ya kamata suma su fara kera motoci na nau'uka daban daban. Irin wannan tambayar ta taso a zukatan wasu ƙananan rukuni na Italianan kasuwar Italiya. Tarihin mai kera motoci ya fara a lokacin bazara na 1899 a cikin garin Turin. Nan take aka sawa kamfanin suna FIAT (Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino).

Da farko, kamfanin ya tsunduma cikin haɗa motocin Renault, waɗanda ke sanye da injunan De Dion-Bouton. A lokacin, waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikin ingantattun tashoshin wutar lantarki a Turai. Masana'antu daban -daban ne suka saye su kuma aka sanya su a motocin nasu.

Kamfanin farko na kamfanin an gina shi a ƙarshen karni na 19 da 20. Ma'aikata ɗari da rabi suka yi aiki a kai. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Giovanni Agnelli ya zama Shugaba na kamfanin. Lokacin da gwamnatin Italia ta dakatar da babban harajin shigo da karafa, kamfanin da sauri ya fadada kasuwancinsa ya hada da manyan motoci, bas, jirgin ruwa da injunan jirgin sama, da wasu injunan aikin gona.

Koyaya, masu ababen hawa sunfi sha'awar farkon samar da motocin fasinja na wannan kamfanin. A farkon, waɗannan samfuran na musamman ne masu kayatarwa, waɗanda ba su bambanta cikin sauƙinsu. Elite ne kawai ke iya biyansu. Amma, duk da wannan, mai keɓancewa da sauri ya bambanta, saboda alamar sau da yawa tana bayyana tsakanin masu halartar jinsi daban-daban. A waccan zamanin, takaddar ƙaddamarwa ce mai ƙarfi wacce ta ba su damar "inganta" alamar su.

Alamar

Alamar farko ta kamfanin an ƙirƙira ta ne ta hanyar mai zane wanda ya nuna ta a matsayin tsohuwar takarda tare da rubutu. Harafin shine cikakken sunan sabon injin kera motoci.

Don girmama fadada girman ayyukan, manajan kamfanin ya yanke shawarar canza tambarin (1901). Ya kasance farantin enamel mai launin shuɗi tare da taƙaitaccen rawaya na alama tare da ainihin A-siffar (wannan abin har yanzu bai canza ba har zuwa yau).

Bayan shekaru 24, kamfanin ya yanke shawarar canza salon tambarin. Yanzu an yi rubutun a kan wani jan launi, kuma laurel laure ta bayyana a kusa da shi. Wannan tambarin ya nuna alamun nasarori da yawa a cikin gasa motoci daban-daban.

A 1932, zane na tambarin ya sake canzawa, kuma a wannan lokacin ya ɗauki fasalin garkuwa. Wannan kayan aikin da aka ƙera sun dace daidai da asalin ƙyallen radiator na samfuran lokacin, wanda ya yanke layin samarwa.

A cikin wannan zane, tambarin ya ci gaba har tsawon shekaru 36 masu zuwa. Kowane samfurin da ya faɗo daga layin taron tun daga 1968 yana da faranti mai haruffa huɗu iri ɗaya a kan maƙallin, kawai a gani ana yin su ne a cikin windows daban-daban kan bango mai shuɗi.

Bikin cika shekaru 100 da kasancewar kamfanin an yi shi ne da bayyanar tsara ta gaba. Masu zanen kamfanin sun yanke shawarar dawo da tambarin na 20, kawai bangon rubutun ya zama shuɗi. Wannan ya faru a 1999.

Wani ƙarin canji a cikin tambarin ya faru a cikin 2006. An saka alamar a cikin da'irar azurfa tare da shigarwar murabba'i mai kusurwa huɗu da gefuna zagaye zagaye, wanda ya ba alamar alamar girma uku. An rubuta sunan kamfanin cikin haruffa azurfa akan asalin jan abu.

Tarihin kamfanin motoci a cikin samfuran

Mota ta farko da ma'aikatan tsire suka yi aiki ita ce samfurin 3 / 12HP. Abubuwan da yake da alaƙa shine watsawa, wanda ya ciyar da motar gaba kawai.

• 1902 - Samun samfurin wasanni 24 HP ya fara. Lokacin da motar ta lashe lambar yabo ta farko, V. Lancia ce ke tuka shi, kuma akan samfurin 8HP babban darektan kamfanin G. Agnelli ya kafa tarihi a zagaye na biyu na Italia.
• 1908 - kamfanin ya fadada girman ayyukan sa. Kamfanin Fiat Automobile Co. ya bayyana a Amurka. Manyan motoci suna bayyana a cikin kayan ajiyar kayan, masana'antun suna da hannu wajen kera jiragen ruwa da jiragen sama, haka kuma tarago da motocin kasuwanci suna barin masu ɗaukar kaya;
• 1911 - Wakilin kamfani ya lashe tseren Grand Prix a Faransa. Samfurin S61 yana da babbar injin har ma da ƙirar zamani - ƙarar sa ya kai lita 10 da rabi.
• 1912 - Daraktan kamfanin ya yanke shawara cewa lokaci yayi da za a tashi daga takaitattun motoci don fitattun mutane da tseren mota zuwa kera motoci. Kuma samfurin farko shine Tipo Zero. Don ƙera ƙirar motocin ya bambanta da sauran masana'antun, kamfanin ya ɗauki masu zane na ɓangare na uku.
• 1923 - bayan shigar kamfanin cikin kirkirar kayan aikin soja da matsalolin cikin gida masu rikitarwa (yajin aiki mai tsanani ya sa kamfanin kusan rugujewa), motar farko mai hawa 4 ta bayyana. Tana da lamba 509. Babban dabarun shugabanci ya canza. Idan tun da farko an yi la'akari da cewa motar ta manyan mutane ne, yanzu taken yana mai da hankali ga abokan ciniki na yau da kullun. Duk da yunƙurin ciyar da aikin gaba, ba a gane motar ba.
• 1932 - motar farko ta yakin bayan kamfani, wacce ta sami karbuwa a duniya. Wanda aka fara kira sunanshi Balilla.
• 1936 - An gabatar da samfurin ga masu sauraron motoci a duk duniya, wanda har yanzu ana kan samarwa kuma yana da ƙarni uku. Wannan sanannen Fiat-500 ne. Zamanin farko ya kasance a kasuwa daga shekaru 36 zuwa 55. A kan tarihin samarwa, an sayar da kwafi dubu 519 na wannan ƙarni na motoci. Wannan karamar motar mai hawa biyu ta sami injin lita 0,6. Abinda ya kebanta da wannan motar shine cewa jikin ya fara haɓaka, sannan kuma an saka takaddama da duk sauran kayan aikin mota.
• 1945-1950 bayan ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na II na rabin shekaru goma kamfanin ya samar da sababbin samfuran da yawa. Waɗannan sune samfuran 1100B da 1500D.
• 1950 - ƙaddamar da samar da Fiat 1400. Injin Diesel yana cikin ɓangaren injin.
• 1953 - Misali 1100/103 ya bayyana, haka kuma 103TV.
• 1955 - Misalin 600 aka gabatar dashi, wanda ke da shimfidar baya.
• 1957 - Kayan masana'antar kamfanin suka fara kirkirar New500.
• 1958 - An fara kirkirar kananan motoci guda biyu karkashin sunan Seicentos, da kuma Cinquecentos, wadanda wadatattun masu amfani suke dashi.
• Layin 1960 - na 500 ya faɗaɗa motar amalanke.
• Shekarun 1960 sun fara da canjin jagoranci (jikokin Agnelli sun zama daraktoci), wanda ke da nufin kara jan hankalin masu motoci na yau da kullun zuwa cikin da'irar magoya bayan kamfanin. Subcompact 850 ya fara samarwa, 1800, 1300 da 1500.
• 1966 - ya zama na musamman ga masu motocin Rasha. A waccan shekarar, aka fara gini a kamfanin Volzhsky Automobile Shuka a karkashin wata kwangila tsakanin kamfanin da gwamnatin USSR. Godiya ga kusan haɗin kai, kasuwar Rasha ta cika da manyan motocin Italiya masu inganci. Dangane da aikin samfurin 124th, VAZ 2105, da 2106, an haɓaka.
• 1969 - Kamfanin ya sayi alamar Lancia. Samfurin Dino ya bayyana, da kuma wasu ƙananan motoci. Ƙara tallace -tallace na mota a duniya yana taimakawa wajen faɗaɗa ƙarfin samarwa. Misali, kamfanin yana gina masana'antu a Brazil, kudancin Italiya da Poland.
• A cikin 1970s, kamfanin ya ba da kansa ga zamanantar da kayayyakin da aka gama don sanya su dacewa da ƙarni masu motoci na lokacin.
• 1978 - Fiat ya gabatar da layin taron mutum-mutumi ga masana'anta, wanda ya fara hada samfurin Ritmo. Haƙiƙa nasara ce ga fasahar zamani.
• 1980 - Nunin Motar Geneva ya gabatar da demokradiyyar Panda. ItalDesign studio tayi aiki akan ƙirar motar.
• 1983 - mashahurin Uno ya tashi daga layin taron, wanda har yanzu yake faranta wa wasu masu motoci rai. Motar tayi amfani da sabbin fasahohi dangane da wutar lantarki, injunan injina, kayan ciki, da dai sauransu.
• 1985 - Mai ƙera italiya ya gabatar da ƙirar Croma. Abinda motar ta kera shi ne cewa ba a taru a kan dandamali na kansa ba, amma saboda wannan an yi amfani da wani dandali mai suna Tipo4. Samfuran masu kera motar Lancia Thema, Alfa Romeo (164) da SAAB9000 sun dogara ne akan ƙirar iri ɗaya.
• 1986 - kamfani ya faɗaɗa, yana samun samfurin Alfa Romeo, wanda ya kasance rabuwa daban na damuwar Italia.
• 1988 - farawar ƙirar Tipo tare da jikin kofa 5.
• 1990 - Fiat Tempra mai yawan gaske, Tempra Wagon ya bayyana da karamin motar Marengo. Hakanan an haɗa waɗannan samfuran a kan dandamali ɗaya, amma fasalin daban ya ba da damar biyan bukatun nau'ikan masu motoci.
• 1993 - sauye-sauye da yawa na ƙaramar motar Punto / Sporting sun bayyana, kazalika da samfurin GT mafi ƙarfi (an sabunta ƙarninta bayan shekaru 6).
• 1993 - ƙarshen shekara an yi alama da sakin wani ƙirar motar Fiat mai ƙarfi - Coupe Turbo, wanda zai iya yin gasa tare da canjin kwampreso na Mercedes -Benz CLK, da kuma ɗan dambe daga Porsche. Motar tana da saurin gudu 250 km / h.
• 1994 - An gabatar da Ulysse a Nunin Mota. Karamar motar ce ce, wacce injininta ke jikin jikin ta, ana watsa karfin juzu'i zuwa ga ƙafafun gaba. Jikin yana "girma ɗaya", inda mutane 8 suka sami nutsuwa tare da direban.
• 1995 - Fiat (samfurin gizo-gizo Barchetta gizo-gizo), wanda ya ratsa ta dakin zane na Pininfarina, an san shi a matsayin mafi kyawun canzawa a cikin gida yayin bikin baje kolin motoci na Geneva.
• 1996 - a matsayin wani ɓangare na haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Fiat da PSA (kamar ƙirar da ta gabata), samfuran Scudo biyu sun bayyana da Jumpy. Sun raba dandamali na U64 gama gari wanda kuma aka gina wasu samfuran ƙwararrun Citroen da Peugeot.
• 1996 - an gabatar da samfurin Palio, wanda aka kirkireshi don kasuwar Brazil, sannan (a shekara ta 97) don Argentina da Poland, sannan kuma (a cikin 98th) an bayar da keken tashar a Turai.
• 1998 - a farkon shekara, an gabatar da wata karamar mota ta ajin Turai a A (kan rabe-raben Turai da sauran motoci karanta a nan) Yankin A cikin wannan shekarar, samfurin Elettra ya fara aiki.
• 1998 - an gabatar da samfurin Fiat Marera Arctic a kasuwar Rasha. A cikin wannan shekarar, an gabatar da masu ababen hawa tare da samfurin ƙaramar motar Multipla tare da ƙirar jiki mai ban mamaki.
• 2000 - An gabatar da Barchetta Riviera a Turin Motor Show a cikin kunshin alatu. A cikin faɗuwar shekarar, fasalin farar hula na Doblo ya bayyana. Sigar, wanda aka gabatar a Faris, fasinja ne mai jigilar kaya.
• 2002 - an gabatar da Stilo samfurin ga Italianasar Italiyanci na matuƙin tuki (maimakon samfurin Brava).
• Shekarar 2011 - aka fara kirkirar iyakokin Freemont, wanda injiniyoyi daga Fiat da Chrysler sukayi aiki akansu.

A cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya, kamfanin ya sake ɗaukar ingantattun samfuran da suka gabata, yana sakin sabbin ƙarni. A yau, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin damuwar, irin waɗannan shahararrun shahararrun duniya kamar Alfa Romeo da Lancia, da kuma ƙungiyar wasanni, waɗanda motocinsu ke ɗauke da alamar Ferrari, suna aiki.

Kuma a ƙarshe, muna ba da ƙaramin nazari game da Fiat Coupe:

Fiat Coupe - mafi sauri fiye da kowane lokaci

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Wace kasa ce ke samar da Fiat? Fiat mota ce ta Italiya da kera abin hawa na kasuwanci wanda ke da tarihin sama da shekaru 100. Babban hedkwatar alamar yana cikin garin Turin na Italiya.

Wanene Ya Mallakar Fiat? Alamar ta mallakin Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. Baya ga Fiat, kamfanin iyaye ya mallaki Alfa Romeo, Chrysler, Dodge, Lancia, Maserati, Jeep, Ram Trucks.

Wanene Ya Ƙirƙiri Fiat? An kafa kamfanin a cikin 1899 ta masu zuba jari ciki har da Giovanni Agnelli. A 1902 ya zama Manajan Darakta na kamfanin. A tsakanin 1919 da 1920, kamfanin ya kasance cikin rudani saboda yajin aikin da aka yi.