Masu amfani da ƙasashen waje na IAI Kfir
Kolombiya Kfir C-7 FAC 3040 tare da ƙarin tankunan mai guda biyu da bama-bamai masu aiki na IAI Griffin guda biyu masu sarrafa Laser.
Kamfanonin Jiragen Sama na Isra'ila sun fara ba wa abokan cinikin na waje jirgin Kfir a cikin 1976, wanda nan da nan ya tayar da sha'awar kasashe da yawa. "Kfir" ya kasance a wancan lokacin daya daga cikin ƴan jiragen sama masu fa'ida da yawa tare da tasirin yaƙi da ake samu akan farashi mai araha. Babban masu fafatawa a kasuwa sune: Amurka Northrop F-5 Tiger II, Faransanci rataye glider Dassault Mirage III / 5 da masana'anta iri ɗaya, amma Mirage F1 ya bambanta.
Masu kwangila masu yuwuwa sun haɗa da: Austria, Switzerland, Iran, Taiwan, Philippines da, sama da duka, ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka. Duk da haka, tattaunawar da aka fara a wancan lokacin a dukkan lamura ta ƙare cikin rashin nasara - a Austria da Taiwan saboda dalilai na siyasa, a wasu ƙasashe - saboda rashin kuɗi. A wani wurin kuma, matsalar ita ce, injin Kfir daga Amurka ne ke tuka shi, don haka don fitar da shi zuwa wasu kasashe ta hanyar Isra’ila, ana bukatar amincewar hukumomin Amurka, wanda a wancan lokacin ba ta amince da dukkan matakan da Isra’ila ta dauka kan makwabtanta ba. , wanda ya shafi dangantakar. Bayan nasarar da jam'iyyar Democrat ta samu a zabukan 1976, gwamnatin shugaba Jimmy Carter ta hau karagar mulki, wanda a hukumance ta hana sayar da wani jirgin sama mai injinan Amurka tare da wasu na'urori daga Amurka zuwa kasashen duniya na uku. A saboda haka ne aka katse tattaunawar farko tare da Ecuador, wanda a ƙarshe ya sami Dassault Mirage F1 (16 F1JA da 2 F1JE) don jirginsa. Ainihin dalilin da ya sa Amurkawa ke da alaƙa da fitar da Kfirov tare da injin General Electric J79 a cikin rabin na biyu na 70s shine sha'awar yanke gasa daga masana'antun nasu. Misalai sun haɗa da Mexico da Honduras, waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar Kfir kuma a ƙarshe an "lallashe su" don siyan jiragen yaƙi na Northrop F-5 Tiger II daga Amurka.
Matsayin samfurin masana'antun jiragen sama na Isra'ila a kasuwannin duniya ya inganta a fili tun lokacin da gwamnatin Ronald Reagan ta hau kan karagar mulki a shekarar 1981. An ɗage takunkumin da ba na hukuma ba, amma nassi na lokaci ya yi daidai da IAI kuma kawai sakamakon sabuwar yarjejeniyar shine ƙarshen 1981 na kwangilar samar da motocin 12 na samarwa na yanzu zuwa Ecuador (10 S-2 da 2 TS - 2, wanda aka kawo a 1982-83). Daga baya Kfirs ya tafi Colombia (kwangilar 1989 don 12 S-2s da 1 TS-2, bayarwa 1989-90), Sri Lanka (6 S-2s da 1 TS-2, bayarwa 1995-96, sannan 4 S-2, 4 S-7 da 1 TC-2 a 2005), da kuma Amurka (bayar da 25 S-1 a 1985-1989), amma a duk waɗannan lokuta waɗannan motoci ne kawai da aka cire daga makamai a Hel HaAvir.
Shekaru 80 ba su kasance mafi kyawun lokacin Kfir ba, saboda ƙarin ci gaba da shirye-shiryen yaƙi-dabarun motocin Amurka da aka kera da su a kasuwa: McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle, McDonnell Douglas F / A-18 Hornet kuma, a ƙarshe, Janar Dynamics F -16 Yaƙi falcon; Faransa Dassault Mirage 2000 ko Soviet MiG-29. Wadannan injunan sun zarce Kfira na "inganta" a cikin dukkanin manyan sigogi, don haka abokan ciniki "masu mahimmanci" sun fi son siyan sabbin jiragen sama masu ban sha'awa, abin da ake kira. Qarni na 4. Sauran ƙasashe, yawanci saboda dalilai na kuɗi, sun yanke shawarar haɓaka motocin MiG-21, Mirage III/5 ko Northrop F-5 da aka sarrafa a baya.
Kafin mu shiga daki-daki kan }asashen da Kfiry ta yi amfani da su, ko ma ta ci gaba da gudanar da aiki, ya dace mu gabatar da tarihin nau'o'in fitar da su, wanda ta hanyar da IAI ta yi niyya ta karya "da'irar sihiri" kuma a karshe ta shiga cikin. kasuwa. nasara. Tare da Argentina, babban ɗan kwangila na farko da ke sha'awar Kfir, IAI ta shirya wani nau'i na musamman na C-2, wanda aka keɓance C-9, sanye take da, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, tsarin kewayawa ta TACAN wanda injin SNECMA Atar 09K50 ke aiki. A Fuerza Aérea Argentina, ya kamata ya maye gurbin ba kawai na'urorin Mirage IIIEA da aka yi amfani da su ba tun farkon 70s, har ma da jirgin IAI Dagger (siffar fitarwa na IAI Neszer) wanda Isra'ila ta kawo. Sakamakon raguwar kasafin kudin tsaro na Argentina, kwangilar ba ta ƙare ba, don haka isar da motoci. Kawai ƙaramar zamani na zamani na "Daggers" zuwa daidaitattun Finger IIIB na ƙarshe da aka gudanar.
Na gaba shine babban shirin Nammer, wanda IAI ta fara haɓakawa a cikin 1988. Babban ra'ayin shi ne a sanya injin na zamani fiye da J79 a kan jirgin na Kfira, da kuma sabbin na'urorin lantarki, wanda aka yi niyya don sabbin mayakan Lawi. An yi la'akari da injunan turbin gas guda uku a matsayin rukunin wutar lantarki: Amurka Pratt & Whitney PW1120 (wanda aka yi niyya don Lawi) da Janar Electric F404 (yiwuwar sigar Sweden ta Volvo Flygmotor RM12 don Gripen) da Faransanci SNECMA M -53 (Mirage 2000 don tuƙi). Canje-canjen ya shafi ba kawai tashar wutar lantarki ba, har ma da tashar jirgin sama. Ya kamata a tsawaita fis ɗin da mm 580 ta hanyar saka wani sabon sashe a bayan jirgin, inda za a ajiye wasu tubalan sabbin na'urorin jiragen sama. Sauran sabbin kayan aiki, gami da tashar radar mai aiki da yawa, za a kasance a cikin sabon bakan mai girma da tsayi. An gabatar da haɓakawa zuwa ma'aunin Nammer ba kawai don Kfirs ba, har ma da motocin Mirage III/5. Koyaya, IAI ba ta taɓa samun abokin tarayya don wannan hadadden kamfani mai tsada ba - Hel HaAvir ko wani ɗan kwangila na ƙasashen waje ba ya sha'awar aikin. Ko da yake, dalla-dalla, wasu hanyoyin da aka tsara don amfani da su a cikin wannan aikin sun ƙare tare da ɗaya daga cikin masu kwangila, duk da cewa a cikin wani tsari mai mahimmanci.
