Suna yana da darajar kalmomi 800: McLaren Senna

Yayin da kuke sha'awar sifofin sikelin na McLarn na ƙarshe na ƙarshe (samfuran da aka ƙera musamman ko kawai don nishaɗi akan tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tseren tsere)), da farko kuyi tunanin cewa ba zato ba tsammani zai canza zuwa wani nau'in robot mai canzawa tare da abubuwa da yawa na iska. ... Don haka wannan ba shi da layuka masu tsabta da aka samo akan motoci kamar McLarna 720S da P1. A lokaci guda, an yi imanin cewa masu zanen kaya ba da gangan ba suka haifar da harshe mai rarrafe a cikin neman sifofin halittu, wanda suka yi ƙoƙarin ba wa motar cikakkiyar sifa. Babu layi ɗaya a jiki da ba a katse ta hanyar shan iska. Don haka, a bayyane yake cewa lokacin ƙera mota, masu zanen sun yi niyyar yin mafi kyawun aiki, ba kyakkyawa ba.

Alamar Burtaniya ita ce ta farko da ta kera motar Formula 1 mai kujeru guda ɗaya daga filayen carbon (MP4 / 1 daga 1981), da kuma motar titin farko (F1 daga 1990) gaba ɗaya daga wannan kayan. Tun daga wannan lokacin, McLaren yayi amfani da irin wannan ƙirar akan duk motocin titin. Senna shine mafi sauƙi har zuwa yanzu. Yana auna nauyin kilo 1.198 kawai, wanda shine kilogiram 200 kasa da motar hawa ta P1 (tsarin matasan yana da nauyi) da kilo 85 ƙasa da 720S, wanda kuma ana iya danganta shi da tanadin da aka yi akan abubuwa da yawa.

McLaren Senna ba ya yaudarar kowa da cewa motar na amfanin yau da kullun ce. Mota ce mai tsere mai tsabta, wanda McLarne ya sami damar yin rijista don amfani da hanya kawai bayan babban ƙoƙari da tattaunawa. Don bayyana a sarari, kawai duba katon babban fender a baya, koda kuwa bai wuce gefen motar ba.

Lokacin da kuka kusanci Senna, komai yana aiki mai ban tsoro (farawa da ɓacin rai da aka ambata) - kuma tun ma kafin ya buge. Hakika, duk da damar da za a kaddamar da shi bayan almara Estoril, ba za mu rasa shi. A ƙarshe, an sayar da duk kwafi 500 da aka tsara (kimanin Yuro miliyan ɗaya ga kowace mota) tun kafin a buga fitar da manema labarai na farko. Wannan na iya nufin cewa masu sayayya masu arziƙi sun kasance suna ɗokin samun hannunsu a kan sabon “ɗan” nasu. Kuma bayan ƙaddamar da farko, muna iya tabbatar muku cewa suna da kyakkyawan dalili na wannan.

Lokacin da muka shiga ta ƙofar da ke sama, muna sanye da rigunan tsere, safofin hannu, da kwalkwali, bugun bugun mu yana sauri. Aikin yana da sauƙi fiye da wasu masu fafatawa, kamar yadda ƙofar, wacce ke nauyin kilo tara kawai, ko rabin girman ƙofar McLaren P1, ita ma tana ɗaga mafi yawan rufin yayin aikin buɗewa. Jirgin saman kumbon ya mamaye filayen carbon da ake gani da Alcantara kuma an gina shi a kusa da mafi dorewar monocoque McLarn da ya taɓa ginawa, wanda ake kira Monocage III. Kwalejin kuma ya banbanta da cewa an share shi daga duk abin da ba a buƙata don cimma ingantattun ƙa'idodin tuƙi da babban gudu. Kallon gaba yana da kyau, wanda yake na al'ada ne ga McLarne, yafi kyau fiye da kallon gefe, inda aka iyakance shi da madaidaicin filastik a ƙofar, wanda za'a iya maye gurbinsa da gilashin gilashi (amma mafi nauyi) idan an so. Kallon baya ma ya fi muni saboda ƙarfafawa na tsari a cikin bayan taksi da babban katanga na filayen filayen filaye wanda ke auna nauyin kilo biyar kawai amma zai iya tsayayya da matsin lamba sau ɗari.

Da zarar direba ya sami maɓallin farawa injin da aka ɗora sama da gilashin iska don ƙuntata sarrafawa a gaban direbobi gwargwadon iko ga waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don sarrafa motsin motar, lokaci yayi da za a fara mintuna 15 na rayuwa mai sauri, wanda zai iya kasance kusa da kasancewa abin da Pink Floyds ya taɓa kira "asarar hankali nan take." Bayan direban akwai turbocharged V8 mai lita hudu tare da matsakaicin fitarwa na kilowatts 597 ko kusan 800 "horsepower" da karfin mita 800 Newton, wanda kayan aikin iska kusa da motar, sama da ƙasa, yakamata su taimaka shawo kan tayoyin akan kwalta. Matsin lamba na iska ya kai (sake) kilo 800 a kilomita 250 a awa guda lokacin da motar ke cikin yanayin Race. Idan ba don haɗin gwiwa tsakanin motar da almara mai tsere daga wanda (don neman taken mafi kyawun hanya (da ƙanƙanta) motar tseren doka a duniya) McLaren ya aro sunansa, tabbas da an kira Senna McLaren. 800S.

Wannan sakamakon aerodynamic shine kashi 40 sama da McLaren P1 (sake cikin yanayin Race). Ƙa'idar reshe za a iya canza ta direba (tare da taimakon kwamfuta, ba shakka) ta 0,3 digiri dangane da gudun a cikin 0,7-25 seconds da kuma matsayi na DRS (Jawo Rage Tsarin - tsarin don ragewa). Aerodynamic ja, kamar yadda yake a cikin Formula 1) a mafi yawan buɗaɗɗen matsayi yana motsawa zuwa matsayi inda yake samar da abin hawa tare da mafi yawan motsin iska. Sauran maɓalli na aerodynamic maɓalli masu aiki ne na gaba da masu watsawa tagwaye (duka fiber carbon, ba shakka) waɗanda ke haifar da gurɓataccen ruwa a ƙarƙashin motar. Kamar yadda yake tare da McLarn P1, ɗayan manyan ƙarfin fasaha na Senna shine dakatarwar hydraulic (inda da'irar hydraulic ta maye gurbin maɓuɓɓugan ƙarfe na al'ada amma yana riƙe da ƙananan maɓuɓɓugan ruwa na gargajiya don tabbatar da ɗan dakatarwa) wanda ke aiki tare da aerodynamics. Lokacin da direba ya zaɓi yanayin tsere, motar ta rage santimita huɗu a gaba da kuma santimita uku a baya, wanda ke ba jiki karkata zuwa ga mafi kyawun yanayin iska. Dakatarwar tana da ƙarfi sosai, sitiyarin ya fi karɓuwa sosai kuma fetin ƙarar yana da kyau sosai ta yadda direban zai iya samun madaidaicin adadin wuta da juzu'i a kowane lokaci. Yana da muhimmanci mu bayyana a more daki-daki abin da ya faru a cikin Race yanayin, tun da za mu iya kawai amfani da shi a lokacin wadanda 15 minutes tuki a Estoril tseren hanya.

Mita ɗaruruwan ɗari na farko sun gamsar da mu cewa kwale-kwalen kusan ba shi da abubuwan da ke jan sauti da muka sani daga sauran motocin titin McLarn da sauransu kusan kamar na Ford GT na zamani, kuma motar tana watsa bayanai daga kwalta tare da madaidaicin madaidaici. . Zai zama mai ban sha'awa don gwada yadda chassis ɗin yake aiki akan hanyoyin jama'a, amma koda tare da ƙarancin ƙarancin tuƙi, ba mu da shakku cewa Senna za ta shiga cikin tarihi a matsayin mafi ƙarancin abin hawa na hanyar McLaren da aka taɓa ginawa.

Tayoyin sun ɗan ɗanɗana a halin yanzu, kuma mun sami izini daga gogaggen direban haɗin gwiwa (tsohon ƙwararren ɗan tsere) don ƙara saurin gudu lokacin da motar ta yi kamar ba ta da ƙarfi fiye da yadda muke tsammani. Amma yayin da saurin ya ƙaru, za ku ji cewa siffar jiki (ko ... siffa) yana sa iska ta motsa inda injiniyoyi kuma suke so ya motsa. Amma riba koyaushe yana ci gaba, ba tare da wani tashin hankali ko faɗuwa ba, a cikin wani nau'in crescendo mai iya tsinkaya wanda ke cikin sauri. Bayyanar kusan cikakkiyar rashin inertia (saboda ƙananan taro) a lokaci guda yana ƙara ma'anar gaggawa ga kowane hanzari, raguwa ko canji na shugabanci. Babu shakka cewa ƙarin ƙarfi / ƙarancin nauyi / ƙarin tsarin riko na iska yana ba da sakamakon da ake so. Kuma wannan yana tare da mafi kyawun tuƙin wutar lantarki da McLaren ya taɓa samu, tayoyin Pirelli Trophy na musamman tare da sabon fili na roba wanda McLarn ya ce yana ƙara haɓaka a gefe da 0,2-0,3 Gs, da tsarin birki tare da carbon na musamman. yumbu coils. A cewar Andrew Palmer (Director of Development for the Ultimate Series), za su iya yin aiki a yanayin zafi da ya kai kashi 20 cikin 150 na sanyi fiye da yadda aka saba - 60 digiri, wanda hakan zai sa su ƙanƙanta kuma a lokaci guda kashi 100 cikin 200 mafi inganci fiye da yadda suke. .. har yanzu ana amfani dashi a McLarn a yau. Kuma lambobi sun dawo da shi: Senna ya zo ƙarshen 16 kph a cikin mita 1 kawai, don haka ya sami damar yin ta mita 1 a baya fiye da McLaren PXNUMX (e, wannan wani ɓangare ne saboda babban taro na PXNUMX hypersport). .

Lambobi? Wataƙila ba za su ba da labarin duka ba, amma suna iya taimakawa sosai wajen fahimta. Guda guda ɗaya mai tsayi mai tsayi biyu-turbo V8 injin da McLaren yayi amfani da shi a cikin jeri daban-daban (a wannan yanayin, yana haɓaka 63 "horsepower" da 80 Nm fiye da McLaren P1), yana ba da haɗin haɗin da aka ambata na 800 x 2 "ƙarfin doki. force "da Newton mita). Tare da taimakon mai sauri (amma wataƙila ba maƙarƙashiya ga mahaya waɗanda dole ne su tuka wannan motar), watsawa mai saurin gudu guda bakwai yana aikawa zuwa duk ƙafafun huɗu. A lokaci guda, yana nuna aikin ban mamaki: daƙiƙa 2,8 zuwa kilomita 100 a awa ɗaya daga tsayawa, daƙiƙa 6,8 zuwa kilomita 200 a awa ɗaya, daƙiƙa 17,5 zuwa kilomita 300 a awa ɗaya da babban gudun kilomita 340 a awa ɗaya.

Amma la'akari da cewa na yi sa'ar gwada motoci kamar Bugatti Chiron, Porsche 911 GT2 RS, ko ma motar Formula 1, lambobin ba su ne suka fi burge ni ba game da McLaren Senna, duk da haka. yana da wahala a zahiri don sarrafa irin waɗannan manyan rundunonin a tsaye da na gefe. A wannan yanayin, za ku yi mamakin sauƙin da motar ke motsawa a cikin tseren tsere, tare da kwanciyar hankali na musamman, riko da madaidaici, har zuwa matakin da ke da wahala ga ko da kwakwalwa mai ƙwarewa ta ƙwarewar tuƙi gwajin supercars a kan mashin zuwa narkewa. Da kyar za a iya sake tsara su ba tare da sun rasa maƙallan birki ba kafin su shiga kusurwa ko ci gaba da saurin gudu, tunda "maye gurbin guntu" a cikin kwakwalwar ɗan adam ba zai iya faruwa da sauri ba. Maganganun ma gaskiya ne: da farko, motar ta kusan tsayawa sau da yawa kafin ta shiga kusurwa, saboda amfani da birki mai saurin aiki (wanda ke taimakawa aerodynamics). Abun kunya, ba shakka, duk da cewa son zuciya na ya yafe min wannan, musamman ganin ɗan gajeren lokacin wannan zama ba tare da la'akari da lokaci ba.

A ƙarshen wannan ƙwarewar ta musamman a bayan motar motar tseren da ba a taɓa yin ta ba wanda aka ba da izinin bayyana a kan hanyoyin jama'a lokaci zuwa lokaci, zan iya tabbatar muku cewa sabon McLaren ya fi sauri, ya fi sauri da rashin tsoro fiye da mutumin da ke bayan motar yana da isasshen hankali. Gane mota a hannu masu fasaha an iyakance ta sama kawai. Haƙiƙanin sararin samaniya inda tabbas Ayrton Senna yana alfahari da wannan karramawa ga ƙwarewar tuƙinsa na allahntaka.

Race Tauraruwa a Cockpit

Za'a iya motsa kujerun tsere gaba da baya ta amfani da hannayen zamiya a ƙasa, kuma tsarin direba don canza saurin watsawa mai saurin gudu guda bakwai shima ana iya motsa shi tare da kujerar direba. An gyara kafafun kafafu, masu kauri, kuma motar da aka lullube da Alcantara ba ta da jan hankali (tare da jujjuyawar motsi da hannu a bayan sa) kuma yana da tsayayyen tsayi don haka zaka iya samun wurin zama mafi dacewa. Hakanan direbobi suna kewaye da manyan fuska biyu waɗanda ke nuna kayan aiki da keɓancewa don tsarin infotainment tare da zane mai sauƙi don ci gaba da mai da hankali kan ayyukan tuƙinsa. Za'a iya jujjuyawa dashboard ɗin a kusa da ginshiƙansa don ya zama layi kaɗan wanda ke nuna direba bayanai masu mahimmanci kawai kuma yana ɗaukar sarari kaɗan. Ƙananan kujerun tseren carbon fiber suna da nauyi sosai, kowannensu yana yin kilo 3,5 kawai kuma yana kunshe da direban da jikin fasinjan gaba, wanda kuma kariyar ta tsere mai maki shida. Babu kwandishan, amma kuna iya samun ɗaya ba tare da ƙarin farashi ba, kamar tsarin sauti na Bowers & Wilkins. Ganin cewa Senna na farko yana da kwandishan guda biyu kawai, a bayyane yake menene fifikon sabbin masu mallakar. A ƙarshe an tabbatar da yanayin tsere a cikin gidan ta hanyar tsarin abin sha mai ƙarfi, wanda ke sa direban ya sha ruwa a doguwar tafiya akan hanyar tsere.

Ta yaya dakatarwar hydraulic ke aiki

An maye gurbin magudanar ruwa mai ƙarfi a kan Senna tare da da'irar ruwa. Akwai ƙananan, haske da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa masu laushi, amma kawai don ainihin matakin sarrafawa. Tsarin, wanda aka haɗa da nau'i-nau'i a kan duka biyun, yana aiki a matsayin bazara na uku a tsakiyar kowane nau'i na ƙafafun. Lokacin da aka ɗora ƙafa ɗaya kawai, tafki yana cika kawai da ruwa mai ruwa daga gefe ɗaya, wanda ke hana tasirin lalata abin hawa. Lokacin yin kusurwa, tafki ba ya cika yayin da ruwan ɗigon ruwa ke gudana cikin yardar kaina ta cikin gatari ba tare da ya shafi durƙusa ba. Duk da haka, lokacin da aka ɗora ƙafafun biyu a kan gatari ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya saboda ƙugiya zuwa ƙasa ko tsayin daka ko raguwa, ruwa yana gudana daga bangarorin biyu zuwa cikin mashigin inda ya fuskanci juriya don haka yana rage dagawa ko nutsewa. jiki. A lokacin birki, an ƙera wannan tsari don daidaitawa da hana axle na gaba daga daidaitawa, ta yadda za a rage ƙwanƙwasa gaba da samar da ingantacciyar motsi ga ƙafafun baya. Tsarin baya yana faruwa a baya lokacin haɓakawa - tsarin ba ya ƙyale shi ya zauna a baya kuma yana tabbatar da cewa ƙafafun gaba ba sa ƙoƙari su rabu da kwalta. Ana iya samun irin wannan tasirin ta hanyar injina, amma tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa yana da wasu fa'idodi guda biyu: nisan abin hawa mai canzawa daga ƙasa da tsauri mai canzawa.

Hawan Senna akan tseren Estoril yayi daidai da motar yayin da direban Brazil ɗin ya fara lashe Formula 1985 a Shekara 1 akan tseren tseren. Lambobin suna magana da kansu: Senna ya kasance a daƙiƙa uku a hankali fiye da masu hawan GT3 a tseren ƙarshe akan wannan waƙar. a kan tseren tsere, shi ma yana da mafi kyawun hanzari, birki, ragewa da sauri fiye da abin ban sha'awa McLarna P1 da 720S.

+6 km / h a ƙarshen layin gamawa dangane da McLaren 720S

Rikicin jirgin sama yana da mita 13 a baya fiye da 720S da mita 29 a bayan McLaren P1.

Juya 5: +10 km / h ( + 0,12 G) kamar McLaren 720S

Juya 13: + 8 km / h ( + 0,19 G) don 720S da + 5 km / h don P1