Halaye na MAZ-500

MAZ 500 babbar mota ce wacce ta zama almara na gaske. A shekarar 1965, an saka motar kafet na Soviet na farko a cikin jerin abubuwan samarwa, kuma an ci gaba da samar da ita har zuwa 1977. Duk da cewa kadan lokaci ya wuce bayan karshen samar, da mota MAZ 500 har yanzu yana da farashin. Ana iya samun su a cikin ƙasa na ƙasashen CIS, ana amfani da su sosai har yau. Abubuwan da aka biya, juyin juya hali a lokacin saki, taro mai inganci da sauƙin kulawa, ya sanya MAZ 500 mafi kyawun mota a cikin nau'in kaya na dogon lokaci.

 

Bayanin MAZ 500 da gyare-gyarensa

Motocin MAZ-500 na ci gaba da aiki

Samfurin wannan babbar mota ne MAZ-200. Gaskiya ne, ta hanyar zane, manyan motoci ba su da yawa a cikin kowa - suna da nau'i daban-daban. A musamman, MAZ-500 ba shi da wani kaho, ta gida located kai tsaye a saman da engine sashe. Wannan ya ba injiniyoyi damar:

• rage nauyin motar;
• ƙara tsawon tsayin dandali;
• ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi da ton 0,5.

Ganin fitattun halaye na truck, da yawa daban-daban gyare-gyare da aka samar a kan tushen da MAZ-500.

Bari mu yi la'akari da mafi shaharar jeri na manyan motoci.

• MAZ-500 a cikin jirgin.

MAZ-500 akan jirgin tare da jikin katako

Kan jirgin MAZ 500 shine ainihin gyaran mota. Adadin da aka bayyana yana ɗaukar nauyin ton 7,5 ne, amma yana iya jan tireloli masu nauyin nauyin ton 12. Jirgin MAZ 500 ya sami shaharar laƙabi na "Zubrik" saboda casing ɗin da aka makala a bayan bangon taksi. Gefen benen motar an yi shi da itace, yawanci fentin shuɗi. Wannan sigar ta zo daidaitattun tare da tuƙin wuta da watsa mai sauri 5.

• Juji motar MAZ-500.

Hoto MAZ-500 tare da jujjuya jikin motar

Gyara tare da juji truck nasa ne na iyali MAZ-500, amma a gaskiya yana da index of 503.

• Tarakta MAZ-500.

An samar da gyare-gyare na tarakta a ƙarƙashin ma'aunin MAZ-504. Taraktocin manyan motoci guda biyu da uku (MAZ-515) a matsayin wani bangare na jiragen kasa na iya jawo har zuwa tan 24.

• Motar gandun daji MAZ-509.

Motar katako MAZ-500

Musamman ga buƙatun gandun daji, an yi gyare-gyare na musamman na motar MAZ-509.

• MAZ-500SH.

Wannan sigar motar ba ta da jiki kuma an kera ta ne da chassis wanda za a iya shigar da kayan aikin da ake bukata.

• MAZ-500A.

A cikin wannan gyare-gyare, wanda aka fara samarwa a cikin 1970, motar tana da ƙafar ƙafa ta 10 cm kuma ta cika ka'idodin Turai. Ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi ya kai ton 8. Don sigar ƙarni na biyu, an canza rabon tuƙi na ƙarshe, saboda wanda zai yiwu a ƙara saurin gudu - har zuwa 85 km / h. Amma game da bambance-bambancen gani, an cire sifofin casing a bayan taksi daga MAZ-500 na ƙarni na biyu, kuma an ƙara mai maimaita siginar zuwa matakin hannayen ƙofar.

• Motar mai MAZ-500.

Motar mai MAZ-500

Sauran gyare-gyaren manyan motocin da ba a saba ba sun haɗa da:

• A kan jirgin sigar MAZ-500V tare da wani karfe jiki;
• MAZ-500G a cikin sigar kan jirgi da tushe mai tsayi;
• MAZ-505 tare da duk abin hawa;
• MAZ-500Yu/MAZ-513 a cikin yanayin zafi;
• MAZ-500S / MAZ-512 a arewacin version.

Wata motar da aka saba amfani da ita ita ce motar daukar kaya bisa MAZ-500. The truck crane "Ivanovets" KS-3571 aka saka a kan chassis na ƙarni na biyu. A cikin irin wannan tandem, an bambanta brigade na musamman ta hanyar ɗaukar nauyi mai ban sha'awa, iyawa da faɗin aiki. Har yanzu, ana amfani da cranes na motoci MAZ-500 "Ivanovets" a wuraren gine-gine, ayyukan jama'a da aikin gona.

MAZ-500 tare da crane

Bayanan Bayani na MAZ-500

A lokacin da aka saki, da halaye na MAZ-500 alama da gaske ban sha'awa - mota ya zarce da damar da yawa daga cikin fafatawa a gasa. Musamman, ita ce babbar motar cabover da aka samar a cikin Tarayyar Soviet.

Amma ya sami shaharar soyayya tare da amincinsa da amincinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin siffofi na MAZ-500 shine cewa yana iya aiki tare da rashin gazawar kayan lantarki. Kuma wannan yana nufin cewa motar ta tashi ba tare da matsala ba ko da a cikin yanayin sanyi, ya isa ya fara ta daga "pusher". A saboda wannan dalili, soja MAZ-500, wanda har yanzu a cikin sabis, ya zama tartsatsi, duk da rashin duk-dabaran drive a cikin asali gyara.

Bari mu zauna dalla-dalla game da halaye na fasaha na ƙarni na farko MAZ-500. Ƙimar ɗaukar nauyin gyare-gyare na asali shine 7,5 tons. Mataccen nauyin injin shine ton 6,5. An yi motar a tsawon jiki uku:

• 4,86 mita;
• 2,48 mita;
• 0,67 mita

Girman MAZ-500:

Dimensions na tushe truck MAZ-500

Dogo	7,14 mita
Wide	2,5 mita
Tsayi (har zuwa matsakaicin matakin gidan, ban da jiki)	2,65 mita
Siket ɗin tsafta	0,29 mita
dabaran dabaran	4 * 2, 4*4, 6*2
Tankin mai MAZ-500	200 lita

Yanzu bari mu ga yadda girma da fasaha halaye na ƙarni na biyu MAZ-500A canza.

MAZ-500 na ƙarni na biyu (tare da grille raga)

Saukewa: MAZ-500	8 tan
Nauyin tirela	12 tan
Distance tsakanin axles	3,95 mita
Siket ɗin tsafta	0,27 mita
Dogo	7,14 mita
Wide	2,5 mita
Tsayi (a cikin taksi, ba tare da jiki ba)	2,65 mita
Tankin mai	200

Kamar yadda ake iya gani daga tebur, girman MAZ-500 na ƙarni na farko da na biyu bai canza ba - girman manyan motocin sun kasance iri ɗaya. Amma saboda sake rarraba shimfidar wuri, yana yiwuwa a 'yantar da ƙarin sararin samaniya don ɓangaren kaya da kuma ƙara yawan nauyin MAZ-500A zuwa 8 kg. Haɓakawa a cikin nauyin kansa ya haifar da raguwa kaɗan a cikin izinin ƙasa - ya ragu da 20 mm. Man fetur tank zauna guda - 200 lita. Amfanin MAZ-500 na ƙarni na farko da na biyu a cikin sake zagayowar haɗuwa shine 22 l / 100 km.

Injin MAZ-500

Injin MAZ-500 yana da ƙirar V-dimbin yawa kuma yana da sauƙi don kulawa

A matsayin engine MAZ-500 aka sanye take da shida Silinda YaMZ-236 naúrar kerarre da Yaroslavl Motor Plant. An bambanta tashar wutar lantarki ta hanyar haɗakar ingantaccen mai da aiki mai kyau, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga manyan motocin birni. Bugu da ƙari, injin yana aiki a tsaye a kan kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi, yana da tsawon rayuwar sabis, kuma gabaɗaya ana bambanta shi ta hanyar dogaro da haɓaka inganci.

Yin amfani da injin YaMZ-236 akan MAZ-500 ya ba da damar samun wasu fa'idodi. Musamman saboda tsarin V-dimbin yawa na cylinders, injin yana da ƙananan girma. Wannan shi ne abin da ya sa ya yiwu a tara MAZ-500 ba tare da kaho ba kuma sanya injin a fili a ƙarƙashin taksi. Bugu da ƙari, godiya ga ƙirar V-dimbin yawa, yana yiwuwa a gano sassan da aka shafa a wurare masu dacewa. Kula da injin MAZ-500 ya kasance mai sauƙi idan aka kwatanta da sauran manyan motocin da suka wanzu a lokacin.

A cikin zane na injin YaMZ-236 akan MAZ-500, an yi amfani da wasu sabbin fasahohi. An haɗa famfunan allura zuwa naúrar guda ɗaya kuma an yi aiki dabam da masu allurar a cikin kawunan silinda. Tsarin man fetur da kansa yana cikin rushewar tubalan. Injin yana da kyamarorin sama guda ɗaya kawai da saitin akwati ɗaya.

Yawancin abubuwa na injin YaMZ-236 akan MAZ-500 an ƙera su ta amfani da sabbin hanyoyin zamani na 70s - gyare-gyaren allura da stamping. A sakamakon haka, injin ya zama mai nasara sosai cewa har yanzu ana shigar da wutar lantarki na wannan samfurin akan manyan motoci da kayan aiki na musamman.

Fasaha halaye na engine YaMZ-236 a kan MAZ-500

Injin YaMZ-236 akan MAZ-500

YaMZ-236 saurin samar da injin	YAME-236
Yawan silinda	6
Tsaro	kusurwar dama mai siffar v
Zikiri	Hudu-bugun jini
Wane tsari ne cylinders	1-4-2-5-3-6
Yawan aiki	11,15 lita
rabon matsawar mai	16,5
Makamashi	180 hp
Matsakaicin karfin juyi	1500 rpm
Nauyin injin	1170 kg

A overall girma na engine YaMZ-236 a kan MAZ-500 ne kamar haka:

• Tsawon 1,02 m;
• Nisa 1006 m;
• Tsayinsa 1195m.

Cikakken tare da akwatin gear da kama, injin yana da tsawon 1796 m.

Don wutar lantarki a kan MAZ-500, an gabatar da tsarin lubrication gauraye: wasu daga cikin majalisai (manin da haɗin igiyoyi, igiyoyi masu haɗawa da bushings, igiyoyi masu haɗaɗɗun igiyoyi, ƙwanƙwasa bushings) ana lubricated tare da mai a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba. Gears, camshaft cams da bearings ana lulluɓe da mai.

Don tsaftace mai a cikin injin MAZ-500, an shigar da matatun mai guda biyu. Ana amfani da nau'in tacewa don tsabtace ruwa mai tsauri da kuma cire manyan ƙazanta na inji daga gare ta. Fitar mai ta biyu mai kyau shine ƙirar centrifugal tare da tuƙin jet.

Don kwantar da mai, an shigar da mai sanyaya mai, wanda ke dabam da injin.

MAZ-500 dubawa

Tsarin akwati na MAZ-500

An shigar da akwatin gear guda uku akan MAZ-500. Watsawar hannu tana da gudu biyar. Gear na biyar - overdrive, masu aiki tare sun kasance a mataki na biyu zuwa na uku da na huɗu da na biyar. Tun da gear na farko ba su da na'urar aiki tare, canzawa zuwa kayan aikin farko kawai za a iya aiwatar da shi tare da raguwar saurin motar.

Wani fasali na tsarin MAZ-500 shine cewa wurin sarrafawa ya yi nisa da direba. Don rama wannan nisa, an sanya na'urar sarrafa ramut a kan motar, tare da taimakon abin da aka kunna. Irin wannan zane bai bambanta ba musamman amintacce, tun da an sassauta tsarin sarrafa nesa.

Duk kayan aikin watsawa, ban da na 1st, reverse da PTO, suna aiki akai-akai tare da madaidaitan ginshiƙan abubuwan shigarwa da fitarwa. Hakoransa suna da tsarin karkace, wanda aka yi don ƙara yawan rayuwar sabis da rage hayaniya yayin aiki na MAZ-500 gearbox. Har ila yau, don rage amo, tsaka-tsakin raƙuman raƙuman ruwa yana da kayan zobe tare da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da aka shigar.

Don ƙara rayuwar sabis na watsawa, duk shafts da gears na masu ragewa an yi su ne da ƙarfe na ƙarfe kuma an yi amfani da su tare da zafi da zafi bayan jefawa.

Gearbox gear hakora ana mai da su daga ƙasan akwati. Ganyayyaki, waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin ƙwanƙwasa don kayan aikin babban shaft, ana jika su da man da aka matsa. Mai yana fitowa daga famfon mai da ke bangon gaban katangar.

Yayin da na'urorin watsa shirye-shiryen ke juyawa, ana tsotse mai a inda hakora suka fita. Allurar mai yana faruwa a wuraren tuntuɓar haƙora.

Tarkon mai tare da sinadarin maganadisu yana nan a kasan kwanon watsawa don tsaftace mai. Yana riƙe da kwakwalwan kwamfuta da barbashi na ƙarfe, yadda ya kamata yana tsaftace mai.

Gearshift makirci na MAZ-500 ne kamar haka:

Gearshift makirci a kan mota MAZ-500

Gaba ɗaya, akwatin MAZ-500 yana da ƙarfi kuma abin dogara. Tana da siffa. Famfon mai watsawa baya aiki lokacin da injin ya tsaya. Saboda haka, idan injin ba ya aiki, mai watsawa ba ya shiga cikin akwatin. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan batu lokacin ja da babbar mota.

Hanyar MAZ-500

Hanyar sarrafa MAZ-500

A sauki, amma a lokaci guda abin dogara tuƙi na MAZ-500 ya kasance m ga lokacinsa. Motar ta sami na'ura mai ƙarfi na ruwa da ginshiƙin sitiyari na telescopic, godiya ga abin da za a iya daidaita isar sitiyarin a gare ku.

Ana iya saita tuƙi MAZ-500

Tsarin tuƙi da aka yi niyya ba wai kawai ya sanya MAZ-500 ɗaya daga cikin manyan motocin da suka dace don tuƙi ba. Har ila yau, ya sa yin hidimar famfo, tuƙin wutar lantarki da sauran kayan aikin tuƙi cikin sauƙi kamar yadda duk abubuwan da aka shafa da masu maye suna da sauƙin isa don dubawa da sauyawa.

Tsarin tuƙi na MAZ-500 ya haɗu da aikin abubuwa masu zuwa:

• ginshiƙin jagora;
• Gudanar da wutar lantarki;
• ikon silinda tip;
• tuƙi;
• birki drum;
• gaban axle katako.

Ka'idar aiki na injin tuƙi na MAZ-500 shine kamar haka. Da farko, famfo mai matsa lamba yana canja wurin matsa lamba zuwa mai haɓaka hydraulic. Idan motar tana tafiya a madaidaiciyar layi, to, tuƙin wutar lantarki yana aiki. Lokacin juya na'ura, spool ya fara motsawa, sakamakon haka man hydraulic ya shiga cikin rami na silinda wutar lantarki. Idan ka ƙara kusurwar tuƙi, diamita na tashar kuma yana ƙaruwa. Wannan yana ƙara matsa lamba akan tuƙi.

Mafi raunin wuraren tuƙi shine:

• spool - tare da ƙananan lalacewa, za'a iya dawo da shi, amma mafi yawan lokuta ana buƙatar shigar da sabon wanda aka taru tare da jiki;
• sandar silinda wutar lantarki - sandar kanta tana da isasshen iyaka na aminci, amma yana da zaren rauni; Ana iya kawar da ƙananan lahani ta hanyar niƙa da amfani da sabon zaren;
• Silinda wutar lantarki - saman aikin sa yana ƙarƙashin lalacewa, wanda, tare da abrasion mai haske, ana iya dawo da shi ta hanyar bluing.

Tukar MAZ-500

Zane na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa kara MAZ-500

Saboda kasancewar na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, direban MAZ-500 ba dole ba ne ya yi babban amplitude tare da tutiya. Ƙunƙwasawa da ƙwanƙwasa lokacin tuƙi a kan ƙwanƙwasa suma sun ragu, wato, an sarrafa motar a ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayin.

Tuƙin wutar lantarki akan MAZ-500 ya ƙunshi mai rarrabawa da silinda mai ƙarfi. Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi sune:

• fanfo fanfo (shigar kai tsaye akan injin);
• akwati don mai;
• hoses

Mai rarrabawa ne ke sarrafa kwararar ruwan da ke yawo a cikin tuƙin wuta. Gudanar da gudana daga famfo zuwa silinda wutar lantarki. Don haka, lokacin da famfo ke gudana, ana samun rufaffiyar kewayawa.

Tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki (GUR) akan MAZ-500

Ya kamata a lura da cewa na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa MAZ-500 bambanta sosai da ikon tuƙi, wanda aka shigar a kan zamani motoci. Tukin wutar lantarki na Mazovsky yana da famfon mai ƙarancin wuta, don haka direban ya yi ƙoƙarin sarrafa motar. Akwai kuma matsaloli a lokacin aikin hunturu. Zane mai sarrafa wutar lantarki bai kare man da ke cikin layin hydraulic daga daskarewa ba.

Don kawar da waɗannan gazawar, masu mallakar sun canza hanyar asali na MAZ-500 zuwa ƙarin raka'a na zamani tare da ƙirar ƙira. A zahiri, a yau yana da wuya a sami MAZ-500 tare da tuƙi na asali da haɓakar haɓakar hydraulic wanda ba a canza shi ba.

Ƙarƙashi

Motar MAZ-500 da aka samar a cikin daban-daban tsawo da kuma daban-daban dabara dabara:

• 4 * 2;
• 4 * 4;
• 6 * 2.

Duk gyare-gyaren na'urar an haɗa su akan firam ɗin da aka ƙera. Gaba da raya axles na MAZ-500 aka sanye take da elongated marẽmari, wanda ya ba da mota santsi da kuma ko da tafiya. Wannan ingancin da aka musamman godiya ga truckers, wanda tafiya a kan MAZ-500 ya fi dadi fiye da a kan sauran manyan motoci model.

Rear axle MAZ-500

Tafukan gaban gatari na gefe guda ne, kuma ƙafafun na baya suna da gefe biyu, ba tare da fayafai ba.

MAZ-500 tsarin dakatarwa

Dakatarwar MAZ-500 kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aikin injin. Yana da karfin juyi mara daidaituwa, wanda ya haifar da ƙara girgiza. Don kare chassis daga ƙarin nauyin girgiza, dakatarwar dole ne a sanya shi mai laushi da sassauƙa.

Don yin la'akari da duk nuances, ƙirar dakatarwar an yi ta keke mai tricycle. Bangare ɗaya yana gaba, wasu biyu kuma suna gefe, kusa da mahalli na tashi. Bakin tallafi na huɗu yana kan mahalli na gearbox. Wajibi ne a daidaita goyon baya bayan kiyayewa don cire nauyin da ya wuce kima daga abin da ya girgiza. Ana gudanar da aikin tare da dakatar da injin.

Hakanan yakamata ku saka idanu akan yanayin rivets da haɗin haɗin gwiwa. A lokacin aikin motar, sun zama sako-sako, wanda za'a iya ƙayyade shi ta hanyar sautin ratsi. Yakamata a ɗora kusoshi maras kyau gwargwadon yiwuwa. Amma ga rivets mara kyau, an yanke su kuma an shigar da sababbi. Ana yin riveting tare da rivets masu zafi.

Bugu da ƙari, bincika haɗin haɗin gwiwa lokacin yin hidimar chassis da dakatarwa na MAZ-500, ya zama dole don bincika firam ɗin. Dole ne a sarrafa bayyanar tsatsa kuma a kawar da shi a farkon matakin, kamar yadda yaduwar lalata zai rage ƙarfin gajiyar motar motar.

Da fasaha halaye na MAZ-500 gaban bazara dakatar ne kamar haka:

• adadin zanen gado - 11;
• sashe na farko guda hudu zanen gado 90x10 mm, sauran 90x9 mm;
• nisa tsakanin gatari na tsakiya na raƙuman ruwa shine 1420 mm;
• spring fil diamita - 32 mm.

Halayen fasaha na dakatarwar bazara ta baya:

• adadin zanen gado - 12;
• sashin takarda - 90x12 mm;
• nisa tsakanin gatari na tsakiya na raƙuman ruwa shine 1520 mm;
• spring fil diamita - 50 mm.

Domin gaba da raya axles na MAZ-500, a tsaye Semi-elliptical spring dakatar da aka yi amfani. Maɓuɓɓugan ruwa suna ɗaukar rawar jiki yadda yakamata a cikin jirgin sama na tsaye kuma suna tabbatar da canja wurin juzu'i da ƙarfin birki daga tuƙi zuwa firam.

Ana canza ƙarfin birki da juzu'i zuwa ga gatari mai tuƙi. Dakatar da lokacin bazara na tutiya axle yana ba da mahimmancin kinematics na injin tutiya.

Dakatarwar gaba tana sanye take da na'urar daukar hodar ibtila'i mai aiki biyu, kuma dakatarwar ta baya tana sanye da ƙarin maɓuɓɓugan ganye.

Farashin MAZ 500

Dangane da na'urar MAZ 500, gidan zai iya samun shimfidar wuri mai zuwa:

• Kadai,
• Biyu,
• Sau uku.

gyare-gyare na MAZ-500 tare da guda taksi bai shiga cikin samar da taro ba kuma ya kasance a cikin adadi mai yawa a matsayin samfurori.

Gwajin abin hawa MAZ-500 tare da taksi guda

An sanya taksi biyu a kan babbar motar juji ta MAZ-500, sauran motocin kuma suna da taksi mai sau uku tare da kujeru daban-daban na direba da fasinjoji biyu.

An kuma ba da cikakken ɗakin kwana a cikin gida biyu da uku na MAZ-500.

Dashboard a cikin taksi MAZ-500

A yau, ciki na MAZ-500 ba shi da ban sha'awa kuma ya dubi akalla ascetic. Sai dai a lokacin da aka fitar da motar motar ba ta yi baya a kan sauran nau’ikan manyan motoci a kasuwa ba ta fuskar jin dadi, kuma a wasu lokutan ma ta zarce abokan karatunta. Gabaɗaya, masu mallakar sun lura da zane mai kyau na kujeru, matsayi mai girma, babban yanki na gilashi da kuma kyakkyawan tsari na kayan aiki. A kan MAZ-500 na zamani, gidan sau da yawa yana daidaitawa. Musamman ma, ana sanya kujeru masu dadi da kuma inganta gadon.

Tun da farko mun rubuta game da fasaha halaye na MAZ 4370 Zubrenok.