GM ya gina injunan V100 miliyan 8

General Motors zai gina ƙaramin katanga na V100 na miliyan 8 a yau - shekaru 56 bayan injin ƙaramin katanga na farko da aka samar…

Duk da matsin lamba shekaru da yawa kan manyan injuna yayin da dokar tattalin arzikin man fetur ta tsananta, har yanzu ana yin su.

General Motors zai gina ƙaramin katanga na V100 na miliyan 8 a yau - shekaru 56 bayan samar da ƙaramin katanga na injin - a cikin ƙalubalen injiniya ga yanayin raguwar duniya.

Chevrolet ya gabatar da karamin shinge a cikin 1955, kuma matakin samar da kayayyaki ya zo a wannan watan da alamar ta yi bikin cika shekaru 100.

An yi amfani da ƙaramin injin toshe a cikin motocin GM a duk duniya kuma a halin yanzu ana amfani dashi a cikin samfuran Holden/HSV, Chevrolet, GMC da Cadillac.

"Ƙananan toshe shine injin da ya kawo babban aiki ga mutane," in ji David Cole, wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban Cibiyar Bincike na Automotive. Mahaifin Cole, Marigayi Ed Cole, shi ne babban injiniyan Chevrolet kuma ya jagoranci samar da injunan ƙananan shinge na asali.

"Akwai kyakkyawan sauƙi ga ƙirar sa wanda nan da nan ya sa ya zama mai girma lokacin da yake sabo kuma ya ba shi damar bunƙasa kusan shekaru sittin bayan haka."

Babban ingin da ake samarwa a yau shine 475 kW (638 hp) mai cajin ƙaramin toshe LS9—ikon da ke bayan Corvette ZR1—wanda aka haɗa da hannu a Cibiyar Taro ta GM, arewa maso yammacin Detroit. Yana wakiltar ƙarni na huɗu na ƙananan tubalan kuma shine injin mafi ƙarfi wanda GM ya taɓa ginawa don abin hawa samarwa. GM zai kiyaye injin a matsayin wani ɓangare na tarin tarihi.

An daidaita ƙaramin toshe a cikin masana'antar kera motoci da bayanta. Har yanzu ana samar da sabbin nau'ikan ingin na Gen I na asali don amfanin ruwa da masana'antu, yayin da nau'ikan injinan "akwatin" na injinan da ke samuwa daga Ayyukan Chevrolet ke amfani da dubban masu sha'awar sanda mai zafi.

V4.3 mai nauyin lita 6 da ake amfani da shi a wasu motocin Chevrolet da GMC an gina shi ne a kan ƙaramin shinge, ba tare da silinda guda biyu ba. Duk waɗannan nau'ikan suna ba da gudummawa ga ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan bulo na miliyan 100.

Sam Weingarden, babban jami'in zartarwa da shugaban ayyuka na duniya na kungiyar Injiniyan Injiniya Sam Weingarden ya ce "Wannan babban nasara yana nuna nasarar aikin injiniya wanda ya bazu a duniya kuma ya haifar da alamar masana'antu."

"Kuma yayin da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙirar naúrar ta tabbatar da ikonta don dacewa da aiki, hayaki da buƙatun tsaftacewa tsawon shekaru, mafi mahimmanci, ya isar da su da ingantaccen aiki."

Injuna yanzu sun ƙunshi tubalan silinda na aluminum da kawunansu a cikin motoci da manyan motoci da yawa, suna taimakawa wajen rage nauyi da haɓaka tattalin arzikin mai.

Yawancin aikace-aikacen suna amfani da fasahar ceton mai kamar Gudanar da Man Fetur, wanda ke kashe silinda huɗu a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayin tuki mai ɗaukar haske, da Variable Valve Timeing. Kuma duk da shekaru, har yanzu suna da ƙarfi kuma suna da ɗanɗano na tattalin arziki.

Ana amfani da nau'in 430-horsepower (320 kW) na injin ƙaramin katanga na Gen-IV LS3 a cikin Corvette 2012 kuma yana haɓaka shi daga hutawa zuwa 100 km / h a cikin kusan daƙiƙa huɗu, yana rufe mil mil a cikin daƙiƙa 12 kawai kuma ya kai babban gudun. fiye da 288 km/h, tare da EPA-rated highway man fetur tattalin arzikin 9.1 l/100 km.

"Ƙananan toshewar injin yana tabbatar da aiki mara lahani," in ji Weingarden. "Wannan shine ainihin injin V8 da kuma labari mai rai wanda ya fi dacewa fiye da kowane lokaci."

A wannan makon, GM ya kuma sanar da cewa injin ɗin na ƙarni na biyar da ke ƙarƙashin haɓaka zai ƙunshi sabon tsarin konewa na allurar kai tsaye wanda zai taimaka inganta haɓakar injin tsarar yanzu.

"Ƙananan gine-ginen gine-gine na ci gaba da tabbatar da dacewarsa a cikin masana'antu masu tasowa cikin sauri, kuma injin ƙarni na biyar zai gina kan aikin gado tare da gagarumar nasara," in ji Weingarden.

GM tana zuba jari fiye da dala biliyan 1 a cikin sabbin ƙarfin kera injinan ƙanana, wanda ya haifar da ayyukan yi 1711 da aka ƙirƙira ko ceto.

Ana sa ran injin na Gen-V a nan gaba kuma an ba da tabbacin samun cibiyoyin rami na 110mm, wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na ƙananan gine-ginen gine-gine tun farkon.

GM ya fara ci gaban V8 bayan yakin duniya na biyu, bayan babban injiniya Ed Cole ya koma Chevrolet daga Cadillac, inda ya jagoranci haɓaka injin V8 mai ƙima.

Ƙungiyar Cole ta riƙe ainihin ƙirar bawul ɗin sama wanda shine tushen injin layi-shida na Chevrolet, wanda ake kira Stovebolt.

An dauke shi daya daga cikin ƙarfin layin abin hawa na Chevrolet, yana ƙarfafa ra'ayin sauƙi da aminci. Cole ya kalubalanci injiniyoyin nasa da su karfafa sabon injin din domin ya zama mai saukin kai, rashin tsada da saukin sarrafawa.

Bayan fitowarta ta farko a cikin jeri na Chevy a shekarar 1955, sabon injin V8 ya kasance karami a zahiri, nauyi kilogiram 23 kuma ya fi injin Silinda Stovebolt karfi. Ba wai kawai injiniya mafi kyau ga Chevrolet ba, ita ce hanya mafi kyau don gina ƙananan injuna waɗanda suka yi amfani da ingantattun dabarun kera.

Bayan shekaru biyu kawai a kasuwa, ƙananan injunan toshe sun fara girma a hankali ta fuskar ƙaura, wutar lantarki da ci gaban fasaha.

A cikin 1957, an ƙaddamar da nau'in allurar man fetur, mai suna Ramjet. Babban masana'anta guda ɗaya da ke ba da allurar mai a lokacin ita ce Mercedes-Benz.

An kawar da allurar mai na injina a tsakiyar shekarun 1960, amma allurar mai da ake sarrafa ta ta hanyar lantarki da aka yi gardama a cikin ƙananan tubalan a cikin 1980s, kuma an ƙaddamar da allurar tashar tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin 1985, wanda ya kafa ma'auni.

An inganta wannan tsarin allurar mai ta hanyar lantarki na tsawon lokaci kuma ana amfani da tsarinsa na yau da kullun akan yawancin motoci da manyan motoci sama da shekaru 25 bayan haka.

Cibiyoyin ramin 110mm na ƙaramin shingen zai zama alamar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan aiki.

Wannan shine girman da aka tsara ƙaramin toshe ƙarni na III a cikin 1997. Domin 2011, ƙaramin toshe yana cikin ƙarni na huɗu, yana ƙarfafa manyan motoci masu girman gaske na Chevrolet, SUVs da vans, manyan manyan manyan motoci, da manyan motocin Camaro da Corvette. .

Injin lita 4.3 na farko (265 cu in) a cikin 1955 ya samar da har zuwa 145 kW (195 hp) tare da carburetor mai ganga huɗu na zaɓi.

A yau, da 9-lita (6.2 cu. in.) supercharged kananan block LS376 a cikin Corvette ZR1 yana da 638 horsepower.