Gerris USV - hydrodrone daga karce!

A yau, "A cikin Taron Bitar" yana game da wani aikin da ya fi girma - wato, game da wani jirgin ruwa maras amfani, misali, don ma'aunin wanka. Kuna iya karanta game da catamaran ɗin mu na farko, wanda ya dace da sigar sarrafa rediyo, a cikin fitowar ta 6 na "Masana Fasaha" na 2015. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar MODELmaniak (ƙungiyar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masu ƙira waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar Kopernik Model Workshops a Wrocław) sun fuskanci ƙalubalen abokantaka na ƙira daga karce dandamalin auna mai iyo har ma da dacewa da yanayin tsakuwa. quarry, wanda za'a iya faɗaɗawa zuwa sigar tsaye shi kaɗai, yana bawa ma'aikaci ƙarin dakin numfashi.

An fara da keɓancewa...

Mun fara cin karo da wannan matsalar lokacin da aka tambaye mu ’yan shekaru da suka gabata game da yiwuwar gabatar da tuki da daidaitawa zuwa sarrafa rediyo mai bin diddigin wanka (watau dandalin aunawa da ake amfani da shi don auna zurfin jikunan ruwa).

1. Siga na farko na dandalin aunawa, wanda ya dace da sigar RC kawai

2. Motoci na farko hydrodrone an ɗan gyara akwatin kifaye inverters - kuma sun yi aiki sosai, kodayake ba su da “juriya na gini”.

Ayyukan simintin shine ƙira da kera injina don ƙwanƙwasa PE mai shimfiɗa-busa gyare-gyaren iyo (RSBM - kama da kwalabe na PET). Bayan nazarin yanayin aiki da zaɓuɓɓukan da ake da su, mun zaɓi wani sabon bayani mai ban mamaki - kuma, ba tare da tsoma baki tare da rukunan da ke ƙasa da layin ruwa ba, mun shigar da masu juyawa aquarium a matsayin masu tuƙi tare da ƙarin ikon juyawa 360 ° da ɗagawa (misali. , lokacin da wani cikas ya faru ko lokacin sufuri)). Wannan bayani, kuma yana goyan bayan tsarin sarrafawa daban-daban da tsarin samar da wutar lantarki, ya ba da izinin sarrafawa da komawa zuwa ga mai aiki ko da a yanayin rashin nasarar ɗayan sassan (dama ko hagu). Maganganun sun yi nasara sosai har har yanzu catamaran yana aiki.

3. Lokacin shirya namu aikin, mun bincika daki-daki (sau da yawa da kaina!) Yawancin mafita iri ɗaya - a cikin wannan kwatancin, Jamusanci ...

4.…nan Ba’amurke ne (da wasu dozin kaɗan). Mun ƙi ƙwanƙwasa guda ɗaya a matsayin maras amfani, kuma muna tuƙi da ke fitowa ƙasa a matsayin mai yuwuwar matsala a aiki da sufuri.

Duk da haka, rashin lahani shine ji na faifai zuwa gurbataccen ruwa. Kodayake zaka iya cire yashi da sauri daga rotor bayan yin iyo na gaggawa zuwa bakin teku, kana buƙatar yin hankali da wannan yanayin lokacin ƙaddamarwa da yin iyo kusa da ƙasa. Domin yana, duk da haka, ya haɗa da faɗaɗa ƙarfin aunawa, kuma ya faɗaɗa akan wannan lokacin. ikon hydrodrone (a kan koguna) abokinmu ya nuna sha'awar sabon tsarin ci gaba na dandalin da aka tsara musamman don wannan dalili. Mun dauki kan wannan kalubale - daidai da didactic profile na mu Studios kuma a lokaci guda ba da damar gwada ci gaban mafita a aikace!

5. Saurin nadawa modular lokuta sun kasance masu ban sha'awa sosai tare da versatility da sauƙi na sufuri 3 (hoto: kayan masana'anta)

Gerris USV - bayanan fasaha:

• Tsawon / nisa / tsayi 1200/1000/320 mm

• Gina: Gilashin gilashin epoxy, firam ɗin haɗin aluminum.

• Matsala: 30 kg, gami da ɗaukar nauyi: bai ƙasa da 15 kg ba

• Tuki: Motoci 4 BLDC (mai sanyaya ruwa)

• Ƙarfin wutar lantarki: 9,0 V… 12,6 V

• Gudun: aiki: 1 m/s; mafi girma: 2m/s

• Lokacin aiki akan caji ɗaya: har zuwa awanni 8 (tare da batura biyu na 70 Ah)

• Gidan yanar gizon aikin: https://www.facebook.com/GerrisUSV/

Ayyukan sun ci gaba - wato, zato don sabon aikin

Ka'idodin jagora da muka kafa wa kanmu yayin haɓaka sigar namu sune kamar haka:

• harsashi biyu (kamar yadda yake a cikin sigar farko, yana ba da garantin mafi girman kwanciyar hankali don samun ingantattun ma'auni tare da sautin echo);
• m drive, iko da tsarin sarrafawa;
• ƙaura, ƙyale shigar da kayan aikin kan jirgin awo min. kilogiram 15;
• sauƙin kwancewa don sufuri da ƙarin motoci;
• Girman da ke ba da damar sufuri a cikin motar fasinja ta yau da kullun, koda lokacin da aka haɗu;
• an kiyaye shi daga lalacewa da gurɓatawa, kwafin tuƙi a cikin kewayen jiki;
• duniya na dandamali (ikon yin amfani da shi a wasu aikace-aikace);
• ikon haɓakawa zuwa sigar mai zaman kanta.

6. Sigar asali na aikinmu ya ƙunshi rarraba na yau da kullun zuwa sassan da aka gina ta amfani da fasahohi daban-daban, waɗanda, duk da haka, ana iya haɗa su cikin sauƙi kamar mashahuran tubalan da karɓar amfani daban-daban: daga samfuran ceton da ke sarrafa rediyo, ta hanyar dandamali na USV, zuwa jiragen ruwa na feda na lantarki.

Zane vs fasaha watau koyo daga kurakurai (ko har sau uku fiye da fasaha)

Da farko akwai, ba shakka, karatu - an kashe lokaci mai yawa don bincika Intanet don ƙira, mafita da fasaha iri ɗaya. Sun zaburar da mu sosai hydrodrone aikace-aikace daban-daban, da kuma kayak na zamani da ƙananan jiragen ruwa na fasinja don haɗa kai. Daga cikin na farko mun sami tabbaci na darajar tsarin shimfidar wuri guda biyu na naúrar (amma a kusan dukkanin su propellers suna ƙarƙashin teku - yawancin su an tsara su don yin aiki a cikin ruwa mai tsabta). Magani na zamani Kayak na masana'antu ya sa mu yi la'akari da rarraba ƙwanƙwasa samfurin (da aikin bita) zuwa ƙananan sassa. Don haka, an ƙirƙiri sigar farko na aikin.

7. Godiya ga editan Jakobsche, an ƙirƙiri zaɓukan ƙirar 3D na gaba da sauri - wajibi ne don aiwatarwa a cikin fasahar bugu na filament (na farko biyu da na ƙarshe biyu na jiki sune sakamakon ƙarancin sarari na bugu na firintocin mallakar).

Da farko, mun rungumi fasahar gauraya. A cikin samfuri na farko, sassan baka da kashin baya dole ne a yi su daga kayan da suka fi ƙarfin da za mu iya samu (acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate - ASA a takaice).

8. Tare da daidaiton da ake tsammani da maimaitawa na haɗin haɗin kai, sassan tsakiya (tsawon rabin mita, ƙarshe kuma mita daya) ya buƙaci kayan aiki masu dacewa.

9. Babban masanin fasahar mu robobi ya yi jerin na'urori na gwaji kafin a buga simintin ASA na farko.

Daga qarshe, bayan tabbacin ra'ayi, don fahimtar lamuran da suka biyo baya da sauri, mun kuma yi la'akari da yin amfani da ra'ayi azaman kofato don ƙirƙirar ƙira don lamination. Matsakaicin matsakaici (50 ko 100 cm tsayi) dole ne a haɗa su tare da faranti na filastik - wanda matuƙinmu na ainihi kuma ƙwararre a fasahar robobi - Krzysztof Schmit (wanda aka sani ga masu karatu na "A Workshop", ciki har da a matsayin co-marubuci. MT 10/2007) ko injin sarrafa rediyo-amphibian-hammer (MT 7/2008).

10. Buga na ƙarshen kayayyaki yana ɗaukar lokaci mai haɗari mai haɗari, don haka mun fara ƙirƙirar samfuran jiki masu kyau - anan a cikin classic, sigar ragi.

11. Plywood sheathing zai bukaci wasu sakawa da kuma zanen karshe - amma, kamar yadda ya juya waje, wannan shi ne mai kyau kariya idan akwai yiwuwar gazawar na kewayawa brigade ...

3D zane na sabon samfurin don bugawa, wanda Bartłomiej Jakobsche ya tsara (ana iya samun jerin labaransa kan ayyukan lantarki na 9D a cikin batutuwan "Młodego Technika" kwanan wata 2018/2-2020/XNUMX). Ba da daɗewa ba muka fara buga abubuwan farko na fuselage - amma sai matakan farko suka fara ... Daidaitaccen bugu ya ɗauki tsawon lokaci fiye da yadda muke tsammani, kuma akwai lahani masu tsada sakamakon amfani da kayan da suka fi ƙarfi fiye da yadda aka saba ...

12. …wanda ya yi irin wannan kofato daga jikin kumfa XPS da fasahar CNC.

13. Sannan kuma sai an tsaftace kumfa.

Tare da kwanan watan karɓa yana gabatowa da sauri, mun yanke shawarar ƙaura daga ƙirar zamani da 3D bugu don wuya kuma mafi sanannun fasahar laminate - kuma mun fara aiki a cikin ƙungiyoyi biyu a layi daya akan nau'ikan ingantattun alamu (hooves) jiki: gargajiya (gini da plywood) da kumfa (ta amfani da babban na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na CNC). A cikin wannan tseren, "ƙungiyar sabbin fasahohi" da Rafal Kowalczyk ke jagoranta (wato, ɗan wasan multimedia a cikin gasa na ƙasa da na duniya don masu ginin ƙirar sarrafa rediyo - ciki har da mawallafin marubucin da aka bayyana "A kan Bita" 6/ 2018) ya sami fa'ida.

14. ... zama dace don yin mummunan matrix ...

15. …inda na farko gilashin epoxy taso kan ruwa kwafi da aka yi da ewa ba. An yi amfani da gashin gel guda ɗaya, wanda yake bayyane a kan ruwa (tun da mun riga mun watsar da kayayyaki, babu wani dalili na tsoma baki tare da aikin tare da kayan ado masu launi biyu).

Saboda haka, ƙarin aikin bitar ya bi hanyar zane na uku na Rafal: farawa daga ƙirƙirar siffofi masu kyau, sa'an nan kuma marasa kyau - ta hanyar zane-zane na epoxy-glass - zuwa shirye-shiryen IVDS (): na farko, cikakken samfurin samfurin. , sa'an nan kuma na gaba, har ma da ƙarin ci-gaba da kwafi na jerin farko. A nan, an daidaita siffar da cikakkun bayanai game da wannan fasaha - nan da nan na uku na aikin ya sami suna na musamman daga jagoransa.

16. A zato na wannan ilimi aikin da aka yi amfani da jama'a samuwa, yin tallan kayan kawa kayan aiki - amma wannan ba ya nufin cewa mu nan da nan da wani ra'ayi ga kowane kashi - akasin haka, a yau yana da wuya a ƙidaya nawa jeri da aka gwada - kuma ingantaccen zane bai ƙare a nan ba.

17. Wannan shi ne mafi ƙanƙanta na batura da aka yi amfani da su - suna ba da damar dandamali don yin aiki na tsawon sa'o'i hudu a ƙarƙashin aikin aiki. Hakanan akwai zaɓi don ninka ƙarfin - sa'a, ƙyanƙyashe sabis da mafi girman buoyancy suna ba da izini da yawa.

Gerris USV yaro ne mai rai, mai aiki (kuma da hankalinsa!)

Gerris wannan shine sunan dawakai na Latin - watakila sanannun kwari, mai yiwuwa suna ta gudu ta cikin ruwa akan gaɓoɓin da ke sarari.

Abubuwan da aka bayar na Hydrodrone Hulls Kerarre daga Multi-Layer gilashin epoxy laminate - mai ƙarfi isa ga matsananci, yashi / tsakuwa yanayin aikin da aka nufa. An haɗa su da firam ɗin aluminium da aka tarwatsa da sauri tare da zamewa (don sauƙaƙe daftarin saiti) katako don hawan kayan aunawa (echo sounder, GPS, kan-board computer, da sauransu). Ƙarin dacewa a cikin sufuri da amfani an rufe su cikin shaci-fadi. tafiyarwa (biyu a kowace ruwa). Motoci biyu kuma suna nufin ƙarami propellers da ƙarin amintacce, yayin da a lokaci guda samun damar yin amfani da siminti fiye da injinan masana'antu.

18. Kallon salon da babura da akwatin lantarki. Bututun silicone da ake gani yana cikin tsarin sanyaya ruwa.

19. Don gwaji na farko na ruwa, mun yi nauyi a cikin kwandon don sa catamaran ya dace da yanayin aikin da ake nufi - amma mun riga mun san cewa dandamali zai iya ɗaukar shi!

A m versions, mun gwada daban-daban propulsion tsarin, sannu a hankali kara su yadda ya dace da kuma iko - sabili da haka, m versions na dandamali (sabanin na farko catamaran shekaru da suka wuce) tare da wani hadari gefe na gudun kuma jimre da kwarara daga kowane Yaren mutanen Poland kogin.

20. Basic saitin - tare da ɗaya (ba a haɗa shi ba a nan) sonar. Haɗa katako guda biyu masu amfani kuma suna ba da damar yin kwafin na'urorin auna don haka ƙara amincin ma'aunin da kansu.

21. Yanayin aiki yawanci tsakuwa ne tare da ruwa mai turbid.

Tun da an tsara naúrar don aiki daga 4 zuwa 8 hours ci gaba, tare da damar 34,8 Ah (ko 70 Ah a cikin na gaba version) - daya a cikin kowane daga cikin lokuta. Tare da irin wannan tsawon lokaci mai tsawo, a bayyane yake cewa motoci masu hawa uku da masu kula da su suna buƙatar sanyaya. Ana yin wannan ta amfani da da'irar ruwa na yau da kullun da aka ɗauka daga bayan masu talla (ƙarin famfo na ruwa ya zama ba dole ba). Wani kariya daga yuwuwar gazawar da zafin jiki a cikin tukwane ke haifarwa shine karatun telemetric na sigogi akan sashin kula da ma'aikaci (watau mai watsawa na simintin zamani). A akai-akai, musamman, ana gano saurin injin, yanayin zafin su, zazzabi na masu daidaitawa, ƙarfin lantarki na batura, da sauransu.

22. Wannan ba wuri ba ne don samfuran sleek cropped!

23. Mataki na gaba a cikin ci gaban wannan aikin shine ƙari na Tsarin Gudanar da Gudanarwa. Bayan gano tafki (a kan taswirar Google ko da hannu - gwargwadon magudanar ruwa a kusa da sashin kwane-kwane na tafki da aka auna), kwamfutar ta sake ƙididdige hanyar bisa ga ƙididdigar da aka ƙididdigewa kuma bayan kunna autopilot tare da sauyawa guda ɗaya, ma'aikacin na iya samun nutsuwa. ya zauna don lura da yadda na'urar ke aiki da abin sha a hannunsa ...

Babban aiki na duka hadaddun shine aunawa da adanawa a cikin shirin geodetic daban sakamakon sakamakon ma'aunin zurfin ruwa, waɗanda ake amfani da su daga baya don tantance yawan ƙarfin tafki mai tsaka-tsaki (saboda haka, alal misali, don bincika adadin tsakuwa da aka zaɓa tun lokacin. ma'aunin karshe). Ana iya yin waɗannan ma'aunai ta hanyar sarrafa jirgin ruwa da hannu (mai kama da na yau da kullun mai sarrafa nesa) ko kuma ta cikakken aiki ta atomatik na maɓalli. Sannan karatun sonar na yanzu dangane da zurfin da saurin motsi, matsayin manufa ko wurin da abin yake (daga mai karɓar GPS mai mahimmanci na RTK, wanda aka sanya tare da daidaiton 5 mm) ana watsa shi zuwa ga ma'aikaci akan ci gaba. tushe ta hanyar mai aikawa da aikace-aikacen sarrafawa (yana iya saita sigogi na aikin da aka tsara) .

Gwada nau'ikan jarrabawa da haɓakawa

aka bayyana hydrodrone Ya yi nasarar cin jarabawa da yawa a cikin yanayi daban-daban, galibi yanayin aiki, kuma ya kasance yana hidima ga mai amfani na ƙarshe sama da shekara guda, cikin ƙwazo da “noman” sabbin tafki.

Nasarar samfurin da kuma tarin gwaninta ya haifar da haifar da sababbin, ma ƙarin ci gaba na wannan rukunin. Ƙwararren dandamali yana ba da damar yin amfani da shi ba kawai a cikin aikace-aikacen geodetic ba, amma har ma, alal misali, a cikin ayyukan ɗalibai da sauran ayyuka masu yawa.

Na yi imanin cewa godiya ga yanke shawara mai nasara da himma da hazaka na manajan aikin, nan ba da jimawa ba za a yi jiragen ruwa gerris, Bayan an canza su zuwa aikin kasuwanci, za su yi gasa tare da mafita na Amurka da aka bayar a Poland, wanda sau da yawa ya fi tsada a cikin saye da kulawa.

Idan kuna sha'awar cikakkun bayanai da ba a rufe a nan ba da sabon bayani game da ci gaban wannan tsari mai ban sha'awa, don Allah ziyarci gidan yanar gizon aikin: GerrisUSV akan Facebook ko al'ada: MODElmaniak.PL.

Ina ƙarfafa duk masu karatu su haɗa basirarsu tare don ƙirƙirar ayyuka masu ban sha'awa da lada tare-ko da kuwa (yadda aka saba!) "Babu wani abu da ke biya a nan." Amincewa da kai, kyakkyawan fata da kyakkyawar haɗin kai zuwa gare mu duka!