jiragen ruwa na Bundesmarine
Tsofaffin jiragen ruwa na Biritaniya a matsayin dakarun horaswa na Bundesmarine "sun yi tafiya kadan na duniya." Hoton Graf Spee a Vancouver a cikin 1963. Don Walter E. Frost/Birnin Taskokin Tarihi na Vancouver
Bundesmarine ba da jimawa ba bayan tashe tashen hankula ya kai ga mafi kyawun matakin jikewa tare da jiragen ruwa na azuzuwan mafi mahimmanci. Kodayake yana da wahala a haɓaka wannan yuwuwar ƙididdigewa a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, an yi kowane ƙoƙari don kiyaye babban matakin, aƙalla inganci, a kowane lokaci.
Akwai dalilai da yawa don gagarumin fadada Bundesmarine. Da farko dai, a dunkule, Jamus ta kasance daya daga cikin manyan kasashe a Turai a wancan lokaci, kuma cibiyar masana'antu, da aka dawo da sauri bayan yakin - sakamakon taimakon kudi na Amurka - ya samar da tushen samar da sojoji masu karfi. A lokaci guda kuma, wurin dabarun kan tekuna biyu da kuma rawar da wani nau'i na kofa a cikin mashigin Danish ya buƙaci kiyaye damar da ya dace na teku na reshe na sojojin.
Kasancewar dabarun nan da can
Matsayin FRG ya kasance mai mahimmanci a cikin koyaswar yiwuwar dakatar da sojojin Tarayyar Soviet da kuma ƙasashen gurguzu na Turai a yammacin Turai. Saboda irin wannan dabarar da ake da shi, gabanin yuwuwar yakin da ake yi tsakanin bangarorin biyu da ke gaba da juna ya ratsa ta cikin kasashen Jamus. Don haka akwai buƙatar haɓaka ƙididdiga na sojojin ƙasa da na sama, waɗanda sojojin mamaye suke bayarwa, ba shakka, galibin Amurkawa. A gefe guda, kasancewar bakin teku a kan Tekun Baltic da Arewa da kuma kula da hanyoyin jigilar kayayyaki masu mahimmanci da ke haɗa ruwa biyu (Kiel Canal da Danish Straits) sun buƙaci faɗaɗa daidaitattun jiragen ruwa, wanda ya dace da ayyukan da aka tsara duka a cikin rufaffiyar da kuma bude teku. ruwan teku.
Kuma shi ne Bundesmarine, tare da goyon bayan rundunar jiragen ruwa na kananan kasashe (Denmark, Norway, Netherlands da Belgium), a daya hannun, ya toshe sojojin Warsaw Pact a cikin Baltic Sea, kuma a daidai wannan lokaci. lokaci ku kasance a shirye don kare jigilar kayayyaki na Atlantika. Wannan ya buƙaci tura wani nau'i na masu rakiya, kai hari mai sauƙi, da hana nakiyoyi da sojojin ruwa na karkashin ruwa. Don haka shirin farko na hukuma don ci gaban sojojin ruwa na Bundesmarine an "yanke shi". Bari mu kawai tuna cewa musamman m fadada shirin, ɓullo da a 1955, bayar da commissioning na, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa: 16 halaka, 10 supervisors (daga baya ake kira frigates), 40 torpedo jiragen ruwa, 12 submarines, 2 Minesweepers, 24 Minesweepers, 30. jiragen ruwa.
An yi zaton cewa masana'antar kera jiragen ruwa za ta gina ta. Kamar yadda kuke gani, shirin ya daidaita sosai, wanda ya haifar da haɓaka ko da azuzuwan da ake buƙata na jiragen ruwan yaƙi. Duk da haka, har sai daftarin farko na sassan ya kasance, ya zama dole a yi amfani da Kriegsmarine na dan lokaci wanda yake samuwa kuma har yanzu yana tunawa da yakin, ko kuma ɗaukar jiragen ruwa na "amfani" da NATO ke bayarwa.
Tabbas, rufe mashigin Danish tare da ƙananan jiragen ruwa ya fi sauƙi fiye da kamawa da adana ƙarin masu lalata ko jiragen ruwa a cikin sabis. A cikin warware aikin farko, jiragen ruwa na ƙananan ƙasashe, musamman Denmark da Norway, sun taimaka wajen fadada ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa masu fashewa da ma'adinai.
A cikin 1965, Bundesmarine yana da jiragen ruwa 40, masu hakar ma'adinai 3 da tushe 65 da ma'adinai. Norway za ta iya tura jiragen ruwa na torpedo 26, masu hakar ma'adinai 5 da masu hakar ma'adinai 10, yayin da Denmark za ta iya tura jiragen ruwa na torpedo 16, tsoffin ma'adinan ma'adinai 8 da 25 anti-mine jiragen ruwa masu girma dabam (amma galibi an gina su a cikin 40s). Ya fi muni da barna da jiragen ruwa masu tsada. Dukansu Denmark da Norway suna gina jiragen ruwa na farko bayan yaƙi a lokacin (jirage 2 da 5 bi da bi). Shi ya sa yana da matukar muhimmanci ba ga Jamus kadai ba, har ma da NATO baki daya, cewa Bundesmarine tana da isassun gungun masu rakiya.
Jirgin ruwa na tsoffin makiya
A cikin 1957, a cikin layi daya tare da tattaunawa da Amurkawa game da masu lalata, jagorancin ma'aikatar tsaron Jamus yana yin shawarwarin amincewa da jiragen ruwa da aka yi amfani da su daga Birtaniya. Tattaunawa game da wannan al'amari ya fara ne a farkon ƙarshen 1955. A cikin 1956, an rubuta cikakkun bayanai, ciki har da kafa farashin tallace-tallace. Tuni a watan Mayu, an san sunayen raka'o'in da aka zaɓa don watsawa. Dole ne Birtaniyya ta biya da yawa don mika wuya ga masu ruguza masu rakiya guda 3 da jiragen ruwa 4, wadanda, bayan haka, rukunin gine-ginen soja ne kawai. Don haka su kansu gungun sun nemi fam miliyan 670. 1,575 na kudin gyarawa da gyare-gyaren da suka dace da kuma wani fam miliyan 1,05 na makamansu da kayan aikinsu, wanda ya ba da jimlar fam miliyan 3,290, wato kusan miliyan 40 na Yamma. Jamus alama yayin.
