Gwajin gwajin Ford Focus, Opel Astra, Renault Megane, VW Golf: kyakkyawan ɗan takara

Sabbin ƙarni na Astra tabbas suna da kyau da kuzari, amma hakan ba ya ƙare burin ƙirar - makasudin, kamar koyaushe, shine wuri na farko a cikin ƙaramin aji.

Don cim ma wannan aikin, ƙirar Rüsselsheim a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan wasa dole ne ta yi fafatawa da babbar gasa. Focus Ford, sabon ƙari ga Renault Megane da Golf wanda ba makawa wanda ke ci gaba da zama matsayin ma'auni a cikin wannan rukunin abin hawa. Gasar farko a cikin juzu'i tare da injin mai daga 122 zuwa 145 hp.

Babban tsammanin

Idan aka yi la’akari da haka, sunayen da yawa daga cikin “samfurin mabuɗin”, “sababbin sababbin abubuwa” da kuma “sabon bege” da Opel ya gabatar a cikin ‘yan shekarun da suka gabata na iya zama ɗan ruɗani. Zafira, Meriva, Astra H, Insignia ... Yanzu yana da Astra ta sake, wannan lokaci tare da wani daban-daban haruffa index J - wato, ƙarni na tara na m model, wanda a cikin kyakkyawan zamanin a kasuwanni na nahiyar Turai ya kasance. ake kira Kadett. A dabi'a, tun daga farkon, sabon sabon abu ya bayyana "mai mutuwa" ta mahaliccinsa kuma an ɗora shi zuwa ga ƙarshe tare da tsammanin da bege mai haske.

Har ila yau, nauyin ya nuna a cikin nauyinsa na kilogiram 1462, wanda shine 10% fiye da na wanda ya fi sauƙi a cikin gwajin. Hakika, da haƙiƙa abin yabo a cikin wannan shi ne ƙara girma na sabon model - Astra J - 17 santimita tsawo, 6,1 santimita fadi da 5 santimita mafi girma fiye da wanda ya riga shi, da wheelbase ya karu da 7,1 santimita. , XNUMX santimita. Duk wannan yana ƙarfafa bege mai mahimmanci ga ciki mai faɗi sosai, wanda, da rashin alheri, ya kasance mara amfani.

Ina wadannan santimita 17?

Da farko dai ba a san inda duk wannan tarin santimita ya bace ba, amma idan aka yi nazari sosai, dogon gaban yana da ban sha'awa, shi ya sa cikin motar ya koma baya sosai. Layin rufin da ke gangarewa da katon kayan aiki kuma yana tura layin gaban kujeru baya, yana iyakance jin sarari ga direba da fasinja na gaba. Bugu da ƙari, duk da haka, Astra yana kula da ta'aziyyar kujerun gaba, yana sanya su a kan (misali na Sport version) ƙananan kujeru tare da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na gefe da goyon baya na baya. Dalilin sukan nasu shi ne tsantsar daidaitawa da karkata akalar koma baya.

Layin baya yana ba da ƙarin mahimman bayanai don ƙima mara kyau. Wurin yana da iyaka sosai wanda yana haifar da shakku game da kasancewar motar na ƙaramin ajin. Daga cikakken kwafin wannan nau'in na zamani, yakamata mutum ya yi tsammanin rayuwa mai kyau da aƙalla kyakkyawar ta'aziyyar tafiya cikin yanayin jin daɗi. Tare da Astra, wannan na iya zama matsala, gwiwoyi suna turawa cikin baya da ƙafafu marasa ƙarfi suna neman wuri a ƙarƙashin tsarin wurin zama na gaba. An inganta jin daɗin ƙaramin mota mai daraja ta wurin kunkuntar gilashin da manyan ginshiƙai na baya, kuma gabaɗaya, fasinjojin da suka fi tsayin mita 1,70 ba a ba da shawarar su zauna a baya ba. Haka kuma, ba za a iya daidaita kamun kai ba fiye da wannan tsayin...

Gangar kuma baya haifar da kukan sha'awa. Matsayinsa na daidaitattun daidai yake da na aji, kuma za'a iya samar da shimfidar wuri kawai tare da taimakon bene biyu, yana daidaita babban matakin ciki saboda tsayin dakunan kaya. Dangane da sassauci, tayin Astra iri ɗaya ne da na Golf kuma yana iyakance ga rarrabuwar kawuna da nadawa na baya. A cikin Mayar da hankali da Megane, kujerun kuma za a iya naɗe su - ƙari mai amfani wanda shine, duk da haka, ba zai yiwu ba a zahiri a yau.

140 "dawakai, kuma menene ...

Tunda karuwar girman Astra bai haifar da tsalle ba, shin za mu iya tsammanin hakan daga raguwar girman injin? Kamar sauran masu fafatawa daga VW da Renault, injiniyoyin Opel sun zaɓi haɗakar ƙaramin injin lita huɗu na lita 1,4 da kuma tsarin caji mai yawa na turbocharged. Matsin lamba na sandar 1,1 ya kawo ƙarfin inji mai ɗan kariya zuwa 140 hp, amma saboda dalilan da ba a sani ba ya kasa canza fifikonsa akan injunan Golf da Megane zuwa mafi kyawun yanayi da yanayi a cikin halayen. ...

Karamin ragi a cikin horon tsere kusan ba zai iya fahimta ba, amma ba za a iya faɗi ɗaya ba don elasticity - injin mai tsayi na shida na daidaitaccen watsawa yana kashe ƙarfi da yawa akan Astra, kuma akan waƙar kuna iya zuwa ƙasa zuwa huɗu. Wannan, bi da bi, yana ba da gudummawar da ba a ke so ba ga ingantaccen ingantaccen ci don sabon injin, wanda a wannan yanayin ya kasance ƙasa da tsammanin kuma, mafi mahimmanci, da kyau a ƙasa da damar Astra chassis.

Tsarin gargajiya

Ba kamar Focus da Golf ba, ƙaramin axle na ƙaramin Opel yana guje wa amfani da da'ira mai cikakken zaman kanta kuma yana neman haɓaka shingen torsion ta ƙara shingen Watt wanda ke haɓaka halayen ɗaukar nauyi na gefen axle. Saitin yana burgewa tare da babban matakin ta'aziyya da kuma ƙarfafa ƙarfin hali, kuma duka bangarorin biyu za a iya ƙara jaddada su a cikin yanayin da ya dace na tsarin Flex-Ride mai daidaitawa (don ƙarin kuɗi). Baya ga halayen damper, zaɓin Wasanni ko Yawon shakatawa yana tasiri rayayye akan martanin fedar ƙararrawa, da kuma goyan bayan da tuƙin wutar lantarki ke bayarwa don daidaitaccen tuƙi. Ba tare da la'akari da yanayin da aka zaɓa ba, dakatarwar Astra yana ba da garantin babban kwanciyar hankali akan hanya da ɗabi'a mai aminci. The kawai zargi za a iya directed a gaba ɗaya m da kuma a hankali m tsarin ESP, wanda a kan rigar hanyoyi tsoma baki da latti da kuma juyayi a cikin yaki da karfi hali zuwa understeer - sakamakon debe aya daya a cikin daidai sashe.

Bambancin shekaru

Koyaya, duk da rashin gazawar, tabbas Astra tayi nasarar kwace taken mafi ƙanƙantaccen tsarin ƙirar Turai akan hanya daga Mayar da hankali. A lokaci guda, samfurin Ford tabbas ba ya son miƙa wuya ba tare da yaƙin abokin takararsa shekaru biyar ba, ba wai kawai a cikin yaƙin a cikin wannan horo ba. Hanyar aiki ta aiki tare da madaidaiciya, madaidaiciyar tuƙi ana haɗa ta tare da jin daɗin tuki mai karɓa, gamsassun kayan cikin gida da ƙwarewar aiki, waɗanda a bayyane suke ba sa cikin manyan fa'idodin Focus. A gefe guda, Cologne ya yi fice don tsayinsa dangane da yanayin sararin samaniya da ingancin tuki.

A cikin wannan kwatancen, Ford shine kaɗai wanda ya dogara da injin da ake so. Kuma saboda kyakkyawan dalili - injin su na lita XNUMX yana amsawa da sauri fiye da injin turbocharged masu fafatawa kuma suna son rayuwa a cikin babban gudu, wanda a sarari ya faranta madaidaicin akwatin gear guda biyar mai saurin canzawa tare da gajerun gearsa. A ƙarshe, wannan haɗin da alama mai sauƙi yayi kama da gamsarwa fiye da halayen watsawa na Astra. Gaskiya ne, ƙarar ƙarar ya dan kadan, amma elasticity ya fi kyau, amfani da man fetur kuma ya fi kyau. A ƙarshe, duk da haka, Opel ya sami nasarar tsallake Ford kaɗan a cikin matsayi. Wannan yana samun goyan bayan kujeru masu daɗi da ƙari ingantaccen tsarin hasken wuta na bi-xenon tare da kusurwa, babbar hanya da ayyukan tuƙi, wanda Astra ke karɓar matsakaicin adadin maki.

Makamai ga hakora

Megane kololuwa a cikin sashin kayan aiki. Sigar Luxe da aka naɗa sosai tana haskakawa tare da daidaitattun kayan alatu kamar kayan kwalliyar fata da tsarin kewayawa wanda masu fafatawa kawai za su iya yin shuru cikin ladabi. Gidan sararin samaniya ya wuce ra'ayi na wadata - kuma a cikin Megane yana da faɗi sosai a gaban kujeru biyu na gaba, yayin da fasinjoji na baya dole ne su yi kama da na Astra. Duk da m dakatar da kuma ma gajeren a kwance part na kujeru, duk da haka, Megane za a iya kira quite dace da dogon tafiye-tafiye, da abin yabo a cikin wannan da farko nasa ne da kyau-daidaitacce aiki na watsa.

Injin turbocharged na Renault mai lita 1,4 yana samar da 130 hp. da 190 Nm, yana aiki a hankali, a hankali kuma yana nuna kyakkyawan elasticity. Akwatin gear-gudun guda shida tabbas ba shine ma'auni na daidaiton motsi ba, amma sanya kayan aikin sa na iya zama misali na gasa. A nan, duk da haka, falsafar ragewa ya bayyana a matsayin har yanzu bai balaga ba kuma yana da ban sha'awa a cikin halayensa - tare da iyakacin salon tuki, tanadi yana yiwuwa, amma a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum na yau da kullum, da'awar da'awar amfanin rage nauyin yana ɓacewa a hankali.

Halin Bafaranshen tare da sandar togiya a baya baya fa'ida daga kaikaice, furucin ji na roba a cikin sitiyarin, amma daidaitawar dakatarwar nasa tabbataccen garantin lafiya ne ko da a cikin mawuyacin yanayi. A aikace, Astra ya sami damar cim masa a matsayi na ƙarshe kawai saboda ɗan ƙaramin kayan tsaro da ya fi muni, rashin tsarin hasken wutar lantarki na zamani da tsayin nisan birki akan kwalta tare da riko daban (µ-raga).

Bayanin aji

Wannan ya bar golf. Kuma ya kasance a kan karagar mulki. Ba wai kawai saboda gaskiyar cewa bugu na shida ba ya ba da izinin kurakurai da rauni, amma kuma saboda mafi kyawun amfani da duk wadatar da samfurin yake da ita. Kamar yadda kuka sani, mutane da yawa suna ganin ƙirar "shida" suna da ƙarancin aiki da ban dariya, amma gaskiyar da ba za a iya musantawa ba ita ce, haƙarƙarin kundin murabba'i mai huɗu ya zama dole ne ga mafi girman gidan a wannan kwatancen, kodayake tsayin Wolfsburg ne mafi ƙanƙanta. Golf yana ba da wadataccen daki da wurin zama mai kyau ga fasinjoji a layuka biyu, kuma tare da sanannun fa'idodi na aiki mara kyau da aiki mai girma haɗe da sauƙi da amsawa, ƙarni na shida yana burge da kyakkyawar jin daɗin tuki. da kuma yawan motsin rai. Kamar yadda yake da Astra, waɗannan fannoni guda biyu na halayen Golf za a iya inganta su don ƙarin tsada ta amfani da ikon daidaita dampatin.

Volaramin Volkswagen yana da tsaka tsaki lokacin da aka kawo shi, tuƙi daidai yake kuma mai yanke hukunci, kuma ESP yana aiki da wuri da wuri kuma tare da sa hannun haske yana taimakawa danne halin da ake ciki na zuwa ƙasa. Gaskiyar cewa Golf ya yi asara ga Astra a cikin motsawar motsa jiki ana samun nasarar biyan diyya ta hanyar ƙaramar zagayenta mai ban mamaki. Ba tare da ambatonsa ba, mafi kyawun gani na direba ya sa ya fi kwanciyar hankali amfani da shi a cikin biranen birni fiye da babu shakka mafi iyakance Astra.

Girman ba kome ba

Don wannan injin ɗin na musamman, injiniyoyin VW sun fi ƙarfin gaske fiye da kowane injin da aka gwada, yana nuna hanyar da ta dace don cin gajiyar dabarun ragewa. Injin Wolfsburg mai lita 1,4 ba ta da turbocharger kawai, har ma da tsarin shigar da mai kai tsaye. Ba za a iya musun cewa injin turbocharge ba tare da nau'in kwadayinsa na kwazo ba, amma ci gaban fasahar VW gabaɗaya ya nuna tattalin arzikin mai mafi kyau fiye da masu fafatawa.

Rashin gwanin dawakai 18 akan Astra ba shine dalilin cikin nauyin Golf ba, kuma mafi kyawun TSI da sassaucin aiki ba za'a musanta ba. Injin din yana tafiya daidai har ma a mafi girma daga cikin giya shida tare da sauya gearbox mai sauƙin kai tsaye kuma cikin sauƙi ya rufe kewayon 1500 zuwa 6000 rpm.

Baya ga abũbuwan amfãni a cikin sharuddan lighting da furniture, Astra ba shi da wani abu da tsanani hadarin da ta fi haske gasa - a gaskiya ma, da nisa tsakanin madawwamin abokan adawar na sababbin al'ummomi bai rage ba, amma ya karu a cikin ni'imar wakilin VW. Golf VI ya kasance babban matsayi, yayin da Astra J dole ne ya karɓi matsayin ɗan wasa mai kishi wanda ya sa kansa ya yi tsayi da wahala don cimma burin.

rubutu: Sebastian Renz

hoto: Hans-Dieter Zeifert

kimantawa

1. VW Golf 1.4 TSI Comfortline - maki 501

Golf ya kasance na daya don kyakkyawar sarrafawa, shimfida shimfida mai faɗi, aikin aji na farko, jin daɗi da kuma injin TSI mai amfani da mai. Rashin hasara shine babban farashi.

2. Opel Astra 1.4 Turbo Sport - maki 465

Duk da kyakkyawan dakatarwa, Astra ta sami damar kare matsayi na biyu kawai. Dalilan wannan karyar a cikin injina masu girma da iyakantaccen ciki.

3. Ford Focus 2.0 16V Titanium - maki 458

Duk da cewa yana da shekaru biyar, Mayar da hankali a zahiri yana kan daidai da sabon Astra, yana nuna faffadan ciki da ingantaccen amfani da mai. Babban rashin amfani shine aiki da ta'aziyya.

4. Renault Megane TCe 130 - 456 maki

Megan yana dan bayan gasar. Ƙarfinsa shine kayan aiki masu kyau da injin mai sassauƙa, kuma babban rashin amfaninsa shine amfani da man fetur da sarari a cikin ɗakin.

bayanan fasaha

1. VW Golf 1.4 TSI Comfortline - maki 501	2. Opel Astra 1.4 Turbo Sport - maki 465	3. Ford Focus 2.0 16V Titanium - maki 458	4. Renault Megane TCe 130 - 456 maki
Volumearar aiki	-	-	-	-
Ikon	122 k. Daga. a 5000 rpm	140 k. Daga. a 4900 rpm	145 k.s. a 6000 rpm	130 k. Daga. a 5500 rpm
Matsakaici karfin juyi	-	-	-	-
Hanzarta 0-100 km / h	9,8 s	10,2 s	9,6 s	9,8 s
Nisan birki a gudun 100 km / h	39 m	38 m	38 m	39 m
Girma mafi girma	200 km / h	202 km / h	206 km / h	200 km / h
Matsakaicin amfani man fetur a cikin gwaji	8,5 l	9,3 l	8,9 l	9,5 l
Farashin tushe	35 466 levov	36 525 levov	35 750 levov	35 300 levov

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