Flash - bankwana da wani yanki na tarihin Intanet
Ƙarshen Adobe Flash Player (1), ƙari don masu binciken gidan yanar gizo, ya ba gidajen yanar gizo da yawa abubuwan raye-raye da mu'amala. Ana iya cewa Flash zai zama wani ɓangare na tarihi, ko da yake akwai shirye-shiryen adana shi a matsayin wani nau'i na sha'awa, kamar bayanan vinyl.
An sake shi a shekarar 1996. Flash ya kasance daya daga cikin fitattun fasahohin yada bidiyo da bugu a lokacinsa. Wasannin Kan layi. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya kai kololuwar shahara, ya faɗi a duniyar wayoyin hannu. Shekaru da yawa yana tara manyan tanadi Tsaron walƙiya. Bayan haka, a bara Adobe ya sanar da cewa ba zai sake ba da sabuntawar tsaro ga shirin ba kuma ya bukaci masu amfani da su cire shi daga masu binciken su. Filogin mai ƙarfi sau ɗaya ya karɓi sabon sabuntawa akan Disamba XNUMX. Manyan masu binciken gidan yanar gizo irin su Apple safari, An kashe tallafin Flash a ƙarshen shekara. Ranar ƙarshe na nuna fina-finai da rayarwa shine 12 ga Janairu.
Shafukan "viral" na farko akan Intanet
A cikin watan Agusta 1996, bayan yunƙurin da yawa, ƙungiyar masu haɓakawa daga FutureWave, tare da Jonathan Gay, wanda ke aiki akan samfuran zane tun 1992, an gabatar da su ga jama'a. FutureSplash Animator tare da nau'in plug-in su don mai kunnawa akan hanyar sadarwa bisa ga Xaviwanda bai yi aiki da kyau ba a cikin babban mashigin yanar gizo a lokacin Netscapeamma yayi kyau Internet Explorerzewanda ya yi nasarar shawo kan masu amfani da Intanet don shigar da shi.
Manajojin Microsoft sun zama masu sha'awar samfurin, kuma daga sabis ɗin biyan kuɗin Disney The Daily Blast, wanda ya yarda da hakan FutureSplash zai zama cikakke ga abubuwan multimedia na kan layi na 'ya'yansu. Daga gare su, bi da bi, sun koyi game da shirin Macromedia, wanda nan da nan ya amince ya sami FutureWave. A watan Mayu 1997, bayan 'yan watanni, Macromedia ya shiga kasuwa. Flash 2 - tare da daidaita sauti, shigo da hoto da kuma ganowa ta atomatik (don canza bitmaps zuwa tsarin vector) azaman fasalin fage.
Lokacin Flash ya sami damar shiga hanyar sadarwar, masu amfani da shi sun haɗa ta amfani da modem na waya. Gudun canja wuri na lokacin yana nufin cewa loda hotuna na yau da kullun yana zama matsala. Yana da wuya a yi tunani game da rayarwa da fina-finai. A wannan ma'ana Filashin ya shigo da sabon zamani kuma ya shiga cikinta ba tare da an bukace shi da yawa lokaci guda ba. "Yana iya ƙirƙirar cikakken motsi na minti uku tare da haruffa da yawa, bayanan baya, sauti da kiɗa a cikin ƙasa da megabyte biyu waɗanda za a iya kallo a cikin mashigar yanar gizo," in ji wani mai fafutuka David Firth a cikin wani rubutu na tunawa kan tafiyar Flash a gidan yanar gizon BBC.
Shafukan da ke da samfuran Flash sun kasance farkon takwarorinsu na hanyoyin “viral” masu yaɗuwar zamantakewa a yau. Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun shi ne shafin Newgrounds, wanda ake yi wa lakabi da "Youtube of the golden age of Flash." Sun bayyana don biyan buƙatun haɓakar motsin rai da m wasanni. "Shi ne gidan yanar gizon farko wanda ya ba kowa damar buga abun ciki kuma yana samuwa a ainihin lokacin," in ji Firth.
A cikin 1998 Flash riga da ƙarfi a cikin hanyar sadarwa. Shahararrinta ya girma a tsakanin ƴan fasaha waɗanda suka ga Intanet a matsayin sabuwar hanya mai ban sha'awa. Maɓalli mai mahimmanci tare da sauƙin amfani kayan aikin zane i matosai don mai kunna cibiyar sadarwaAbin da tare ya samar da jigon Flash shine iyawar sa, ikonsa na haɗa abun ciki na multimedia tare da mu'amala. Yanayin ci gaban Flash ya girma cikin sauri. Ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu haɓaka Flash na farko shine Tom Fulp, wanda ke aiki da gidan yanar gizon Newgrounds da aka ambata. "Flash shine kayan aikin kirkire-kirkire da koyaushe nake mafarkin sa," in ji Ars Technica Fulp. "Mafi sauƙin haɗawa da rayarwa da lamba." Yaren shirye-shirye Flash ActionScript (wanda Gary Grossman ya kirkira) ya bayyana a cikin 2000 a farkon Flash 5.
Aikin Flash ɗin ya kasance cikin sauri. Masu haɓaka shirin sun yi mamakin ko ya zama dole a shiga online video duniya. Kattai da yawa na kamfanoni sun riga sun sami nasu mafita na bidiyo na hanyar sadarwa. macro media yanke shawarar shiga kasuwar bidiyo, kuma bayan dan lokaci ya kafa haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙaramin farawa da ake kira YouTubewanda Flash shine babban tsari har zuwa 2015.
Ayyuka suna furta hukunci
A cikin shekarar farawa YouTube Macromedia da Flash Adobe ne ya saya. Duniya kamar a buɗe take ga Flash. Duk da haka, har yanzu bai zama ma'aunin Intanet a cikin cikakkiyar ma'anar kalmar ba. A hankali HTML i CSS ya zama mafi m. Aiwatar da waɗannan da sauran hanyoyin Intanet, ciki har da. SVG i JavaScriptya zama ruwan dare gama gari. A tsawon lokaci, Flash ya fara rasa asalin gasa a kan gidan yanar gizon.
Duk da haka, ya ci gaba da bunkasa. A karkashin inuwar Adobe Flash Player ya kara da shawararsa, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, 3D rendering, kuma Adobe ya gabatar da shi a can Mai gini mai sassauƙa da samfuran Adobe Integrated Runtime (AIR), wanda ya sanya Flash ya zama cikakken yanayin aikace-aikacen dandamali tare da tallafi marasa ƙima. Tsarin kwamfuta i kiran waya. A shekara ta 2009, bisa ga Adobe, an shigar da Flash akan kashi 99% na kwamfutocin da ke da alaƙa da Intanet. Yanzu an kama su ne kawai wayoyin hannu...
Heavy Flash bai yi kyau ba a cikin ƙananan na'urori, musamman masu arha. An ƙirƙira sigar cirewa Hasken walƙiya, wanda a wasu wurare, alal misali a Japan, ya shahara sosai, amma ya zuwa yanzu an sami matsala game da yadda yake aiki daidai a cikin wayoyin hannu da kuma dacewa.
Tarihi ya fada kan Apple. bude mai taken "Thoughts on Flash" a cikinsa ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa Apple ba zai bari shirin ya yi aiki a kan iPhone da iPad ba. An ce yana da matukar gajiyawa don magance shi taɓa allon touch, ba abin dogaro ba ne, yana haifar da haɗarin tsaro, kuma yana zubar da batura na na'urar. Kamar yadda ya taƙaita, ana iya isar da fina-finai da raye-raye zuwa na'urorin Apple ta amfani da HTML5 da sauran hanyoyin da aka buɗe, wanda ke nufin cewa kwamfutar hannu wani abu ne mai yawa.
An yi imanin cewa dalilin yana da mahimmanci Yin watsi da Ayyuka na Flash kuma ba kamfaninsa kadai ba ne. Tun da farko, Adobe ya samar da sabon tsarin shirin, wanda aka saba da shi musamman don wayoyin hannu. Bai taimaka ba. Har ila yau, ayyuka ba su ba Flash dama ba saboda dabarun Apple, wanda tun farko yana da nufin ƙirƙirar yanayin yanayin aikace-aikacensa, kuma Flash wani baƙo ne a cikinsa, samfurin waje.
Hukunci ne. Wani babba Netflix i YouTubesun fara yada bidiyon su zuwa wayoyin hannu ba tare da Flash ba. A cikin 2015, Apple ya kashe plugin ta tsohuwa a cikin burauzar sa na Safari, yayin da Chrome Google ya fara toshe wasu abubuwan Flash Saboda dalilan tsaro. Adobe da kansa ya yarda cewa sauran fasahohin kamar HTML5, sun balaga sosai don zama "madaidaicin gaskiya" ba tare da buƙatar masu amfani su shigar da sabunta takamaiman plugin ɗin ba, kuma a ƙarshe a cikin 2011 sun yi watsi da haɓaka kayan aikin wayar hannu kuma sun motsa su zuwa HTML5. A cikin Yuli 2017, kamfanin ya sanar da cewa zai kawo karshen tallafi ga Flash a cikin 2020.
Rayuwa bayan mutuwa
Mutuwar Flash wannan ba dalili ba ne na babban baƙin ciki. Shekaru da yawa, an san plug-in yana yin faɗuwa, yana haifar da lahani, da sanya gidajen yanar gizon yin lodi ba dole ba. Koyaya, wasu suna jin tausayin Flash. Bugu da kari, akwai fargabar cewa rumbun adana bayanai na rayarwa, wasanni da gidajen yanar gizo masu mu'amala da aka tattara tsawon shekaru ba za su yi asara ba, kamar "nasara" na 'yan wasa da suka shahara a Facebook shekaru da yawa da suka wuce. Wasan bidiyo FarmVille (3) tunda mai haɓaka Zynga ya rufe shi a ƙarshen 2020.
3. Farmville yana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasannin walƙiya
Ga wadanda ke jin tausayin Flash, kuma galibin duk abubuwan da aka kirkira a cikinsa, farkon farkon masu haɓakawa sun taru a cikin aikin da aka sani da shi. ruffle haɓaka kuma yana ci gaba da haɓaka software na kwaikwayi wanda zai iya kunna abun ciki na Flash a cikin mai binciken gidan yanar gizo ba tare da buƙatar toshewa ba. Ana amfani da wannan software akan gidan yanar gizon da ke ba da tarihin Intanet - I.tarihin intanet.
Domin mai shi Kwamfutar Windows hanya mafi kyau don sake ƙirƙirar tsohuwar abun ciki Flashpoint shine Flashpoint, shirin kyauta wanda ke da damar yin amfani da wasanni sama da 70 na kan layi da raye-raye 8, yawancinsu sun dogara ne akan fasahar Flash. (Ana samun nau'ikan gwaji na Mac da Linux, amma suna da wahalar kafawa.) Daidaitaccen sigar shirin. Ma'anar walƙiya yana ba ku damar zazzage kowane wasa akan buƙata daga babban jerin, amma kuma kuna iya zazzage duk tarihin lokaci ɗaya idan kuna da 532 GB na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
FlashPoint yana gudanar da “projector” Flash wanda ba a haɗa shi cikin daidaitaccen shigarwa na Adobe kuma baya haɗawa da Intanet, sai lokacin da ake loda wasan don kunnawa. Don wasannin da ke buƙatar haɗi zuwa rukunin yanar gizon su, FlashPoint yana gudanar da uwar garken wakili na gida wanda da gaske ke yaudarar wasanni don tunanin suna kan Intanet. Wannan tsari ya fi aminci fiye da tafiyar da Flash a cikin al'ada, kuma ba ya shafar Adobe na kashe tallafin Flash. Wani shirin "nostalgic", coniferous itace, yana ba ka damar gudanar da tsohowar mai amfani da Flash akan kwamfuta mai nisa, keɓe mai amfani daga duk wata damuwa ta tsaro. Rhizome ne ke bayarwa, ƙungiyar masu fasaha waɗanda da farko ke amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar hulɗa tare da hoton Flash.
Sabbin Filayen Almara ta fito da nata Flash Player don Windows, wanda ke ɗaukar abun ciki amintacce daga rukunin yanar gizonsa, don haka har yanzu kuna da cikakkiyar gogewa na daidai amfani da Sabon filin Adobe yana da lasisi don rarraba ɗayan nau'ikan shirin. Flash Player duk da karshen aikinsa.
Ya kamata a kara da cewa, a fasaha, Flash a matsayin mafita na ci gaba zai ci gaba da aiki. Kayan aikin haɓaka Flash wani bangare ne na shirin Adobe animateyayin da injin ma'amala yana cikin shirin Adobe AIRKamfanin Harman International, wani kamfani ne na lantarki, zai karɓe shi, don ci gaba da kula da shi yayin da ake ci gaba da yin amfani da shi a fagen kasuwanci.
