Toyota Nadia injuna
Abubuwa
A cikin 1998-2003, babbar motar motar Japan ta Toyota ta yi farin ciki da yankin Gabas mai Nisa, "mai kaifi" don tuki na hannun dama, tare da sakin karamin motar Nadia mai ban mamaki. Masu ababen hawa na Turai ba su sami damar siyan wannan mota a cikin dillalan motoci ba, tunda an kera ta ne kawai don kasuwar motocin Japan. Akasin haka, mazaunan Trans-Ural na Rasha sun sami damar godiya da kyau da dacewa da motar Nadia (ko Nadia, kamar yadda Rasha ta kira ta a taƙaice da ƙauna). Ba asiri ba ne cewa yawancin motocin fasinja a Siberiya da Gabas Mai Nisa motoci ne na hannun dama.
Tarihin halitta da samarwa
Motar iyali mai kujeru biyar Nadia, ƙungiyar ƙirar Toyota ce ta tsara su a cikin 1998. Tushen halittarsa shine magabata guda biyu - dandamalin Ipsum mai layi uku wanda ya bayyana shekaru biyu baya (na masu siyan Turai - Toyota Picnic), da Gaia. Kallo na farko da aka yi wa hoton sabuwar motar ya sa ka yi tunanin cewa kasancewar ƙaramin mota ne ta fuskar shimfidawa, yana kama da motar tasha.
Nadia ya dace don tafiya ta iyali. Na'urar tana sanye da fa'ida mai fa'ida, cikin sauƙin canzawa. Rationalism na Jafananci yana ba da damar shigar da ƙarin kayan aiki mai girma a kan rufin.
Ga waɗanda suka zauna a karon farko a cikin wani wurin zama maras ban sha'awa a gefen hagu a layin gaba, yana da ban mamaki don ganin cikakken lebur, kamar yadda a cikin trams na zamani, bene na gida.
Wani rashin jin daɗi yana faruwa saboda tsayinsa da yawa. Amma waɗannan ƙananan abubuwa kodadde a gaban na musamman saukaka na gida da kuma girma na kofofi da kujeru. Kayayyakin ƙarewa mara tsada da ingantaccen filastik filastik a duk wuraren jituwa suna dacewa da dandano wanda aka yi ƙirar.
Abubuwan fasaha na samfurin an yi su ne ta hanyar Jafananci daidai da yadda ake yin shi don manyan motoci:
- sarrafa wutar lantarki;
- kula da yanayi;
- cikakken kayan haɗi;
- kulle tsakiya;
- ginanniyar tsarin sauti da TV (tare da buƙatar ƙarin saiti don tsarin Secam DK).
Motar ta shiga cikin jerin SU a cikin nau'i biyu:
- duk abin hawa;
- motar gaba.
Ko da nau'in tashar wutar lantarki, kawai an shigar da watsawa ta atomatik akan dukkan ƙananan motocin Nadia. Wadanda suka ji dadin ganin wannan mota a kan titunan yankin Turai na kasar Rasha sun bayyana damuwarsu kan rashin kwatancin Turawa.
Injin Toyota Nadia, da ƙari
"Zuciya" na tashar wutar lantarki ta Nadi injin mai silinda hudu ne a cikin layi mai nauyin lita 2,0. Gabaɗaya, an yi amfani da gyare-gyaren motoci guda uku:
| Alama | girma, l. | Rubuta | girma, | Matsakaicin iko, kW / hp | Tsarin wutar lantarki |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cm 3 ku | |||||
| 3S-FE | 2 | fetur | 1998 | 99/135 | DOHC |
| Farashin 3S-FSE | 2 | -: - | 1998 | 107/145 | -: - |
| 1 AZ-FSE | 2 | -: - | 1998 | 112/152 | -: - |
An fara da gyare-gyaren 3S-FSE, injin yana amfani da fasahar allurar kai tsaye na juyin juya hali don injunan konewa na ciki - D-4. Asalinsa ya ta'allaka ne ga yuwuwar yin allura mai yumbu da aiki akan cakuda mai na musamman mara ƙarfi. Ana aiwatar da samar da man fetur tare da taimakon babban famfo mai matsa lamba a matsa lamba na 120 bar. Matsakaicin matsawa (10/1) ya fi na al'ada DOHC mota na baya model - 3S-FSE. Injin yana aiki ta hanyoyi guda uku:
- matalauci;
- m;
- al'ada iko.
A ma'ana ci gaba da sabon abu ne mafi iko 1AZ-FSE motor. Godiya ga gyare-gyaren siffar injector, piston da ɗakin konewa, ya zama mai yiwuwa a ƙirƙiri cakuda man fetur kai tsaye na nau'i-nau'i da nau'i (na yau da kullum ko jingina). Lokacin tuki a kan matsakaicin saurin 60 km / h, ana aiwatar da wadatar sau ɗaya kowane minti 1-2. Ana aiwatar da rage yawan zafin jiki na bututun ƙarfe ta amfani da daidaitaccen ruwa mai sanyaya.
Ana sarrafa aikin bawul ɗin recirculation ta tsarin lantarki da ke aiki a cikin hanyar sadarwar kwamfuta ɗaya don tuƙi mota.
Motocin da motocin Nadia suka samu suma an sanya su akan wasu samfuran Toyota:
| Samfurin | 3S-FE | Farashin 3S-FSE | 1 AZ-FSE |
|---|---|---|---|
| mota | |||
| toyota | |||
| Allion | * | ||
| Avensis | * | * | |
| Caldina | * | * | |
| Camry | * | ||
| Carina | * | ||
| Karin E | * | ||
| Carina ed | * | ||
| celica | * | ||
| Corona | * | ||
| Corona Exiv | * | ||
| Corona premio | * | * | |
| Corona SF | * | ||
| Curren | * | ||
| Gaia | * | * | |
| Ipsum | * | ||
| Isis | * | ||
| Lite Ace Nuhu | * | * | |
| Nadia | * | * | |
| Nuhu | * | ||
| Opa | * | ||
| fikinik | * | ||
| Kyauta | * | ||
| RAW 4 | * | * | |
| Garin Ace Nuhu | * | ||
| Vista | * | * | * |
| Ardeo View | * | * | * |
| Voxy | * | ||
| Wish | * | ||
| Jimla: | 21 | 4 | 14 |
Mafi shahararren motar "Nadi"
Mafi mashahuri shi ne "ƙananan" wakilin jerin - 3S-FE engine. A cikin karni na 21 da 1986st, an shigar da shi a cikin nau'i-nau'i daban-daban akan 2000 Toyota model. Model ya birgima kashe taron layin a karon farko a 215. Sun rage samar da kayayyaki a cikin 232, tare da zuwan ƙarin gyare-gyare na zamani. Alamar muhalli - 9,8-180 g / km. Matsakaicin matsawa shine 200. Matsakaicin karfin juyi - har zuwa XNUMX N * m. Inji albarkatun - XNUMX dubu km.
Masu zanen kaya da gangan ba su "ɗaga" alamar wutar lantarki ba, suna so su ba da gyare-gyare da yawa na motoci Toyota kamar yadda zai yiwu. "Yankinsa" hanya ce mai sauri tare da kyakkyawar shimfidar hanya. A can ne Nadia mai injin nau'in D-4 ya ba da mafi kyawun aiki. A matsayin mai don wannan injin konewa na ciki, masu zanen Jafananci sun ba da shawarar iri da yawa lokaci guda:
- AI-92;
- AI-95;
Amma bisa ga ƙayyadaddun fasaha, babban man fetur har yanzu shine 92nd.
Abubuwan da aka kera na silinda block an jefa baƙin ƙarfe, toshe shugabannin ne aluminum. Tsarin wutar lantarki na DIS-2 ya yi amfani da coils guda biyu, ɗaya don kowane nau'in silinda. Tsarin allurar mai - lantarki, EFI. Tsarin rarraba iskar gas yana da camshafts sama da biyu. Tsarin - 4/16, DOHC.
Don duk amincin sa da ingantaccen kiyayewa, masu ababen hawa sun tuna da 3S-FE don ƙaramin koma baya.
Rayuwar bel ɗin lokaci ta fi guntu fiye da yadda aka saba. Hakan ya faru ne saboda yadda ake amfani da shi wajen fara bututun ruwa da famfon mai. Wani nuance na 3S-FE: idan engine aka kwanan wata 1996 da kuma baya, da danko na man da aka yi amfani da ya zama 5W50. Duk gyare-gyaren injin daga baya suna gudana akan mai 5W30. Saboda haka, ba shi yiwuwa a cika man daban-daban danko a Toyota Nadia (1998-2004).
Cikakken zaɓin motar don Nadia
A wannan yanayin, duk abin da yake da kwanciyar hankali, daidaitaccen tsari da kyau a cikin Jafananci. Kowane gyare-gyare na injin yana da mafi girman aikin fasaha, aminci da aiki. Don Toyota Nadia, 1AZ-FSE shine mafi kyawun zaɓi.
Ɗaya daga cikin sababbin abubuwan da injiniyoyi suka yi amfani da su wajen haɓaka motar ita ce rashin aiki na motsin vortex. Godiya ga sabon sifar bututun injector, jet ɗin ya ɗauki nau'in silinda mai yawa maimakon siffa mai ɗaci. Matsakaicin iyaka - daga 80 zuwa 130 mashaya. Fasahar hawan allurar ta canza sosai. Don haka, an ƙirƙiri abubuwan da ake buƙata don yuwuwar allurar mafi ƙarancin man fetur.
Sanin yadda ƙungiyar injiniyoyin Japan ɗin ke da shi ya kawo mafi ƙarancin yawan man da ake amfani da shi a cikin balaguron balaguron jirgin zuwa lita 5,5 a cikin kilomita 100.
Duk da yake ba ainihin masu ƙirƙira fasahar allurar mai kai tsaye ba, injiniyoyin Toyota sun gano yadda za su rage hayaki daga raka'o'in da ke fama da ragowar cakuda mai a jikin bangon Silinda.
Wannan inji shi ne ya zama na farko, matakin CO2 wanda ya ba da damar shigar da shi cikin sababbin kayayyakin Toyota.
Duk da haka, wannan injin yana da nasa "kwarangwal a cikin kabad". Duk da zamani ra'ayi da layout, reviews bayyana dukan "bouquet" na kananan (kuma ba haka ba) shortcomings cewa muhimmanci buga Aljihuna na mota masu:
- rashin gyaran gyare-gyare na shingen silinda;
- ƙarancin kulawa saboda gaskiyar cewa kayan gyara suna canza majalisai;
- matsanancin matsin lamba yana haifar da gazawa akai-akai na injector da famfon allura;
- rashin abinci mai yawa (filastik).
Kai tsaye samar da man fetur ya sa ya zama dole a hankali sarrafa ingancin man fetur da aka zuba a cikin tankuna. Matsalar man fetur ce ta zama dalilin a tsakiyar shekarun 2000 cewa masu gyare-gyare daban-daban na Toyota Nadia sun fara kawar da motocin su da yawa, waɗanda gabaɗaya suna da inganci sosai, don samun ƙarin sunaye masu inganci da tsada. .
