Toyota Corolla 2 injuna
Abubuwa
A farkon karni na saba'in na karnin da ya gabata, kamfanonin motoci na kasar Japan sun dauki ra'ayin Turawan da suka sami ceto daga sakamakon rikicin mai a cikin raguwar girman girman motoci ga wadanda ba za su iya kashe karin kudi ba. karin mita na "baƙin ƙarfe". Wannan shi ne yadda aka haifi ajin Turai B. Daga baya, an sanya masa suna "subcompact": motoci 3,6-4,2 m tsawo, a matsayin mai mulkin, kofa biyu tare da fasaha na fasaha - kofa ta uku. Ɗaya daga cikin motocin Japan na farko na wannan aji shine Toyota Corolla II.
Shekaru 15 na ci gaba da juyin halitta
A cikin maɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, al'adar Jafananci na tafiyar da fasalin fasalin mota ɗaya zuwa wani ya haifar da rarrabuwa game da farkon / ƙarshen kwanakin samar da jerin motoci na Corolla II. Bari mu dauki a matsayin tushen jerin na farko mota na L20 makirci (1982), na karshe daya - L50 (1999). An yarda gabaɗaya cewa Corolla II tushe ne na gwaji don ƙirƙirar ƙirar Toyota Tercel shahararriyar duniya.
Wannan motar tana kama da Corolla FX da aka samar a layi daya. Babban bambancin waje shine cewa a cikin layin C II, motar farko ta kasance mai hatchback mai kofa biyar. Kuma a nan gaba, masu zanen kaya sun gwada wannan makirci sau biyu. Sai kawai a farkon shekarun casa'in Corolla II daga ƙarshe ya fara mirgine layin taron tare da kofa uku.
Serial layout C II daga 1982 zuwa 1999:
- 1 - L20 (hatchback mai kofa uku da biyar AL20 / AL21, 1982-1986);
- 2 - L30 (kofa uku da biyar hatchback EL30 / EL31 / NL30, 1986-1990);
- 3 - L40 (kofa uku hatchback EL41 / EL43 / EL45 / NL40, 1990-1994);
- 4 - L50 (Hatchback mai kofa uku EL51/EL53/EL55/NL50, 1994-1999).
Toyota "mota ga kowa da kowa" yana da farin ciki rabo a cikin Tarayyar Soviet. Corollas mai kofa biyar ya shiga ƙasar ta Vladivostok, duka a cikin tuƙi na hannun dama kuma a cikin sigar Turai ta yau da kullun tare da tuƙin hagu. Har ya zuwa yanzu, a kan titunan biranen ƙasashen tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet, ana iya haɗuwa da ƙarfi da ƙarfi tare da kwafi ɗaya na faɗaɗa motocin Japan.
Injin Toyota Corolla II
Matsakaicin girman motar ya ceci masu tunani daga samun haɓaka injuna tare da sabbin kayayyaki da yawa da tsarin tsada. Gudanar da Kamfanin Motar Toyota ya zaɓi jerin C II don gwaji tare da ƙananan injunan wutan lantarki. A ƙarshe, an zaɓi injin 2A-U azaman injin tushe. Kuma manyan motocin C II, kamar yadda yake a cikin FX, sune motocin 5E-FE da 5E-FHE.
| Alamar alama | Rubuta | girma, cm3 | Matsakaicin iko, kW / hp | Tsarin wutar lantarki |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 A- ku | fetur | 1295 | 47 / 64, 55 / 75 | OHC |
| 3 A- ku | -: - | 1452 | 51/70, 59/80, 61/83, 63/85 | OHC |
| 3 A-HU | -: - | 1452 | 63/86 | OHC |
| 2E | -: - | 1295 | 48/65, 53/72, 54/73, 55/75, 85/116 | SOHC |
| 3E | -: - | 1456 | 58/79 | SOHC |
| 1N-T | dizal turbocharged | 1453 | 49/67 | SOHC, allurar tashar jiragen ruwa |
| 3E-E | fetur | 1456 | 65/88 | OHC, lantarki allura |
| 3E-TE | -: - | 1456 | 85/115 | OHC, lantarki allura |
| 4E-FE | -: - | 1331 | 55/75, 59/80, 63/86, 65/88, 71/97, 74/100 | DOHC, lantarki allura |
| 5E-FE | -: - | 1498 | 69/94, 74/100, 77/105 | DOHC, lantarki allura |
| 5E-FHE | -: - | 1498 | 77/105 | DOHC, lantarki allura |
1st tsara AL20, AL21 (05.1982 - 04.1986)
2 A- ku
3 A- ku
3 A-HU
ƙarni na biyu EL2, EL30, NL31 (30 - 05.1986)
2E
3E
3E-E
3E-TE
1N-T
ƙarni na uku EL3, EL41, EL43, NL45 (40 - 09.1990)
4E-FE
5E-FE
5E-FHE
1N-T
ƙarni na uku EL4, EL51, EL53, NL55 (50 - 09.1994)
4E-FE
5E-FE
1N-T
Saitin samfurin wanda, ban da C II, an shigar da injunan sama na gargajiya: Corolla, Corona, Carina, Corsa.
Kamar yadda yake a cikin FX, mahukuntan kamfanin sun dauki nauyin saka injinan dizal a kan manyan motoci masu girman kofa uku zuwa biyar. Motors C II - fetur, ba tare da turbines. Gwajin "dizal" kawai shine turbocharged 1N-T. Jagoranci a cikin adadin saiti yana riƙe da injuna biyu - 5E-FE da 5E-FHE.
Motors na shekaru goma
Da farko bayyana a cikin 1992, in-line hudu-Silinda 1,5-lita DOHC injuna tare da lantarki allura a karshen na 4th tsara gaba daya maye gurbin 4E-FE injuna daga karkashin hoods na Corolla II motoci. "Mugayen camshafts" an sanya su a kan motar wasanni na 5E-FHE. In ba haka ba, kamar yadda a cikin bambance-bambancen 5E-FE, saitin na gargajiya ne:
- toshe baƙin ƙarfe silinda;
- aluminum silinda kai;
- bel ɗin lokaci;
- rashin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa lifters.
Gabaɗaya, ingantattun injuna, waɗanda suka karɓi tsarin zamani a cikin tsakiyar shekarun casa'in (OBD-2 naúrar bincike, DIS-2 ƙonewa, canjin lissafi na ACIS), cikin sauƙin “kai” layin Corolla II har zuwa ƙarshen ma'ana a cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe. .
Babban fa'idodin motar 5E-FE sune babban abin dogaro, kiyayewa da sauƙin ƙira. Injin yana da fasali - kamar sauran ƙira na jerin E, da gaske "ba ya son" wuce gona da iri. In ba haka ba, ya kai alamar kilomita dubu 150. ba tare da wata matsala ta gyarawa ba. Ƙarin abin da ba za a iya jayayya ba na motar shine babban matakin musanyawa. Ana iya sanya shi akan mafi yawan motocin Toyota - Caldina, Cynos, Sera, Tercel.
Ma'auni "fursunoni" na injin 5E-FE sune na yau da kullum ga yawancin motocin Toyota:
- yawan amfani da mai;
- rashin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa lifters;
- mai yabo.
Yawan man da za a cika (lokaci 1 a cikin kilomita dubu 10) shine lita 3,4. Makin mai - 5W30, 5W40.
"Hasken haske" na motar motsa jiki na 5E-FHE shine kasancewar tsarin don canza yanayin juzu'i na nau'in abun ciki (Tsarin Induction Controlled Acoustic). Ya ƙunshi abubuwa biyar:
- inji mai kunnawa;
- bawul don sarrafa tsarin tsarin lokaci mai canzawa;
- fitarwa zuwa mai karɓar "mai laushi";
- VSV bawul;
- tankin ajiya.
An haɗa da'irar lantarki na tsarin zuwa na'urar sarrafa kayan lantarki (ECU).
Manufar tsarin shine don ƙara ƙarfin injin da jujjuyawar gaba akan iyakar saurin. Tankin ajiya na injin yana sanye da bawul ɗin dubawa wanda ke rufe gabaɗaya koda matakin injin ya yi ƙasa sosai. Matsayi guda biyu na bawul ɗin cin abinci: "buɗe" (tsawon nau'in nau'in nau'in abun ciki yana ƙaruwa) da "rufe" (tsawon lokacin da ake amfani da shi yana raguwa). Don haka, ana daidaita ƙarfin injin a ƙananan / matsakaici da babban gudu.
