Injin Toyota 1N, 1N-T
Abubuwa
Injin Toyota 1N karamin injin dizal ne wanda kamfanin Toyota Motor Corporation ya kera. An samar da wannan tashar wutar lantarki daga 1986 zuwa 1999, kuma an sanya ta a kan motar Starlet na ƙarni uku: P70, P80, P90.
Har zuwa lokacin, ana amfani da injunan diesel ne a cikin SUVs da motocin kasuwanci. Toyota Starlet mai injin 1N ya shahara a kudu maso gabashin Asiya. A wajen wannan yanki, injin yana da wuya.
Design fasali Toyota 1N
Wannan injin konewa na ciki injin konewa na cikin layi ne mai silinda huɗu tare da girman aiki na 1453 cm³. Gidan wutar lantarki yana da babban matsi, wanda shine 22: 1. Tushen Silinda an yi shi da ƙarfe na simintin gyare-gyare, an yi kan katangar da ƙarfe mai haske na aluminum. Shugaban yana da bawuloli guda biyu a kowace silinda, waɗanda ake kunna su ta hanyar camshaft guda ɗaya. Ana amfani da makirci tare da matsayi na sama na camshaft. Lokaci da allura famfo drive - bel. Ba a samar da masu sauya lokaci da masu ba da izinin bawul ɗin ruwa, bawul ɗin suna buƙatar daidaitawa na lokaci-lokaci. Lokacin da motar lokaci ta karye, bawuloli sun lalace, don haka kuna buƙatar kula da yanayin bel a hankali. An yi hadaya da wuraren hutun fistan don neman babban rabo mai matsawa.
Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki irin na Prechamber. A cikin kan silinda, a saman ɗakin konewa, an yi wani rami na farko wanda ake ba da cakuda mai-iska ta bawul. Lokacin da aka kunna, ana rarraba iskar gas mai zafi ta tashoshi na musamman a cikin babban ɗakin. Wannan maganin yana da fa'idodi da yawa:
- ingantaccen ciko na cylinders;
- rage hayaki;
- ba a buƙatar matsa lamba mai yawa da yawa, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a yi amfani da famfo mai sauƙi mai sauƙi mai sauƙi, wanda yake da rahusa kuma mafi mahimmanci;
- rashin jin daɗin ingancin man fetur.
Farashin irin wannan ƙira shine farawa mai wahala a cikin yanayin sanyi, da kuma babbar murya, "tarakta-kamar" rattling na naúrar a duk faɗin rev.
Ana yin silinda na dogon lokaci, bugun piston ya wuce diamita na Silinda. Wannan saitin ya ba da damar haɓaka juzu'i. Ƙarfin mota shine 55 hp. da 5200 rpm. karfin juyi shine 91 N.m a 3000 rpm. Shirye-shiryen jujjuyawar injin yana da faɗi, injin ɗin yana da kyakkyawan juzu'i don irin waɗannan motoci a ƙananan revs.
Amma Toyota Starlet, sanye take da wannan na ciki konewa engine, bai nuna da yawa agility, wanda aka sauƙaƙa da low takamaiman iko - 37 horsepower a kowace lita na aiki girma. Wani amfani na motoci tare da injin 1N shine babban ingancin mai: 6,7 l / 100 km a cikin sake zagayowar birni.
Toyota 1N-T engine
A cikin wannan shekarar 1986, 'yan watanni bayan kaddamar da Toyota 1N engine fara samar da 1N-T turbodiesel. Ƙungiyar piston ba ta canza ba. Hatta ma'aunin matsawa ya bar iri ɗaya - 22: 1, saboda ƙarancin aikin turbocharger da aka shigar.
Ƙarfin injin ya ƙaru zuwa 67 hp. da 4500 rpm. Matsakaicin karfin juyi ya koma yankin ƙananan gudu kuma ya kai 130 N.m a 2600 rpm. An sanya naúrar akan motoci:
- Toyota Tercel L30, L40, L50;
- Toyota Corsa L30, L40, L50;
- Toyota Corolla II L30, L40, L50.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani da injunan 1N da 1N-T
Kananan injunan diesel na Toyota, ba kamar takwarorinsu na mai ba, ba su samu karbuwa sosai a wajen yankin Gabas mai Nisa ba. Motoci masu turbodiesel 1N-T sun yi fice a tsakanin abokan karatunsu tare da ingantaccen kuzari da ingantaccen mai. An siyi motocin da ba su da ƙarfi na 1N da nufin samun daga aya A zuwa aya B a kan ƙaramin farashi, wanda suka yi nasarar jurewa. Fa'idodin waɗannan injuna sun haɗa da:
- sauki gini;
- rashin tausayi ga ingancin man fetur;
- zumunta sauƙi na kulawa;
- mafi ƙarancin farashin aiki.
Babban hasara na waɗannan injinan shine ƙarancin albarkatun, musamman a cikin sigar 1N-T. Yana da wuya cewa mota na iya jure wa kilomita dubu 250 ba tare da wani babban gyara ba. A mafi yawan lokuta, bayan 200 km matsawa saukad da saboda lalacewa na Silinda-piston kungiyar. Don kwatanta, manyan turbodiesels daga Toyota Land Cruiser a kwantar da hankulan 500 dubu kilomita ba tare da gagarumin breakdowns.
Wani gagarumin koma baya na 1N da 1N-T Motors shi ne ƙararrawa, tarakta rumble wanda ke tare da aikin injin. Ana jin sauti a duk faɗin rev, wanda baya ƙara ta'aziyya yayin tuƙi.
Технические характеристики
Teburin yana nuna wasu sigogi na injin N-jerin:
| Injin | 1N | 1 NT |
|---|---|---|
| Yawan silinda | R4 | R4 |
| Bawuloli a kowace silinda | 2 | 2 |
| toshe abu | baƙin ƙarfe | baƙin ƙarfe |
| Silinda shugaban abu | Gami na Aluminium | Gami na Aluminium |
| Bugun jini, mm | 84,5 | 84,5 |
| Silinda diamita, mm | 74 | 74 |
| Matsakaicin matsawa | 22:1 | 22:1 |
| Ƙarar aiki, cm³ | 1453 | 1453 |
| wuta, hp rpm | 54/5200 | 67/4700 |
| karfin juyi N.m rpm | 91/3000 | 130/2600 |
| Mai: alama, girma | 5W-40; 3,5 l. | 5W-40; 3,5 l. |
| Samun karfin injin turbin | babu | a |
Zaɓuɓɓukan kunnawa, siyan injin kwangila
Na'urorin dizal na N-jerin ba su dace da haɓaka wutar lantarki ba. Shigar da turbocharger tare da aiki mafi girma ba ya ƙyale ƙimar matsawa mai girma. Don rage shi, dole ne ku sake gyara rukunin piston. Har ila yau, ba zai yiwu a ƙara matsakaicin gudun ba, injunan diesel ba su da sha'awar yin jujjuya sama da 5000 rpm.
Injin kwangila ba safai ba ne, saboda jerin 1N ba su shahara ba. Amma akwai tayin, farashin yana farawa daga 50 dubu rubles. Mafi sau da yawa, ana ba da injunan da ke da mahimmancin fitarwa; motocin sun daina samarwa fiye da shekaru 20 da suka gabata.
