Injin Honda R18A, R18A1, R18A2, R18Z1, R18Z4
Abubuwa
Injunan R-jerin sun bayyana a farkon shekarar 2006, wanda ya kasance karamin jiyya a tarihin injiniya na Honda. Gaskiyar ita ce, yawancin motocin da aka kirkira a farkon shekarun 2000 sun tsufa sosai kuma akwai buƙatar ƙirƙirar sabbin samfura.
Bugu da kari, sabbin ka'idojin muhalli sun gabatar da wasu bukatu don fitar da hayaki mai guba, wadanda jerin B-, D-, F-, H-, ZC ba su cika ba. An maye gurbin injinan lita 1,2 da 1,7 da L series, wanda nan da nan aka shigar da su cikin motoci masu daraja B, jerin K ya zama masu cancantar karɓar injunan lita biyu, wanda cikin sauri ya kammala manyan motoci. A farkon 2006, serial samar na Honda Civic da Crossroad motoci na ajin C aka yi daga.
Injiniyoyin kamfanin sun damu da tambaya daya - wace irin zuciya ce za ta baiwa wadannan motocin? Kamar yadda ka sani, ikon tsofaffin samfuran ya dogara akan matsakaicin ci. Injunan L-series tabbas za su ba su inganci, amma tare da ƙarfin 90 hp. ya kamata a manta da kuzari har abada. A lokaci guda, injunan K-jerin zai kasance da ƙarfi mara ma'ana ga wannan aji na inji. Bayan 'yan shekaru, Honda tsara da kuma sanya a cikin samar da Motors na jerin: R18A, R18A1, R18A2, R18Z1 da kuma R18Z4. Dukan jerin suna da halaye iri ɗaya, wasu samfuran suna da ƙananan haɓakawa.
Технические характеристики
An gabatar da manyan halayen injin konewa na ciki a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa:
| Ƙarar injin, cm³ | 1799 |
|---|---|
| Power, hp / a rpm | 140/6300 |
| Torque, Nm / a rpm | 174/4300 |
| Tsarin wutar lantarki | injector |
| Rubuta | layi-layi |
| Yawan silinda | 4 |
| Adadin bawuloli da silinda | 4 |
| Bugun jini, mm | 87.3 |
| Silinda diamita, mm | 81 |
| Matsakaicin matsawa | 10.5 |
| Amfanin mai, a kowace kilomita 100 (birni / babbar hanya / gauraye) | 9.2/5.1/6.6 |
| Matsayin mai | 0W-20 0W-30 5W-20 5W-30 |
| Ana aiwatar da canjin mai, km | 10000 (mafi kyawun kowane 5000) |
| Ƙarar mai lokacin canzawa, l | 3.5 |
| Albarkatu, km | Har zuwa dubu 300 |
Basic sigogi
R18A injin allura ne mai girman 1799 cm³. Idan aka kwatanta da wanda ya riga shi D17, motar tana da ƙarfi sosai. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki shine 174 nm, ƙarfin shine 140 hp, wanda ke ba ku damar hanzarta manyan motoci masu daraja C da sauri. Yawan man fetur ya dogara ne akan tsarin tuki - tare da motsi mai auna, ba tare da hanzari ba, amfani shine lita 5,1 a kowace kilomita 100. A cikin birni, amfani yana ƙaruwa zuwa lita 9,2, kuma a cikin yanayin gauraye - 6,6 lita da 100 km. Matsakaicin rayuwar injin shine kilomita dubu 300.
Bayanin Waje
Abu na farko da za a fara binciken mota lokacin siye shi ne a nemi farantin masana'anta mai lambar jikin motar da lambar injin. Naúrar wutar lantarkinmu tana da farantin lamba da ke kusa da nau'in abin sha, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa:
Abu na farko da ya fara daukar idonka shi ne matsattsen dakin injin, wanda ba bakon abu ba ne ga injin bawul 16. Jiki da kan Silinda an yi su ne da ƙarfe mai ƙarfi na aluminum, wanda ke sauƙaƙe nauyi gabaɗaya. Murfin bawul na wannan alamar ana wakilta ta filastik mai zafi mai zafi, maimakon zaɓin aluminum na yau da kullun. Irin wannan motsi na tattalin arziki ya zama tabbatacce - bisa ga sake dubawa na masu motoci - tsawon shekaru 7-10 na aiki babu nakasar da ke ba da ɗigon mai. Hakanan an yi nau'in nau'in kayan abinci da aluminium, an yi siffar waje tare da nau'i mai ma'ana.
Kayan siffofi
Jerin injin R18A injunan silinda huɗu ne na cikin layi. Wato ana yin injin silinda guda huɗu a cikin toshe, an jera su a jere a jere. Silinda ya ƙunshi pistons waɗanda ke motsa crankshaft. bugun piston shine 87,3 mm, ƙimar matsawa shine 10,5. An haɗa pistons zuwa crankshaft ta hanyar haɗin kai mai nauyi da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, wanda aka yi a karon farko don wannan ƙirar. Tsawon sandunan haɗi shine 157,5 mm.
Zane na shugaban aluminum bai canza ba - wuraren zama na camshaft da jagororin bawul suna yin injina a cikin jikinsa.
Siffofin lokaci
Tsarin rarraba iskar gas shine sarkar, 16-bawul (kowane silinda yana da 2 ci da 2 shaye bawuloli). Ɗayan camshaft yana aiki a kan bawuloli ta hanyar ɗigon siliki. Babu masu biyan kuɗi na hydraulic a cikin tsarin, don haka ya zama dole don daidaita bawuloli lokaci-lokaci a cikin tsarin da aka tsara. Duk da sauƙi na ƙirar lokaci, kasancewar tsarin I-VTEC mai canzawa mai canzawa yana ba ku damar daidaita matakin buɗewa da rufewa na bawuloli dangane da kaya. Wannan zaɓin yana ba ku damar yin tanadi mai mahimmanci akan man fetur da amfani da albarkatun injin yadda ya kamata. Tsarin rarraba iskar gas na motar mu yana kasawa sosai da wuya.
Siffofin tsarin wutar lantarki
Ana wakilta tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar famfo, layin man fetur, tace mai kyau, mai sarrafa man fetur da injectors. Ana samar da iskar iska ta hanyoyin iskar iska, matattarar iska da taron magudanar ruwa. Siffofin su ne kasancewar ikon sarrafa lantarki na matakin buɗe maƙura, dangane da adadin juyi. Hakanan a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki akwai tsarin shaye-shaye na EGR wanda ke sake kewaya su ta ɗakin konewa. Wannan tsarin yana rage yawan hayaki mai guba a cikin yanayi.
Tsarin mai
Ana wakilta tsarin mai ta hanyar famfo mai da ke cikin mashin ɗin injin. Famfu yana fitar da mai, wanda ya ratsa cikin matsi ta cikin tacewa kuma ana ciyar da shi ta hanyar hakowa zuwa abubuwan gogewa na injin, yana komawa cikin sump. Bugu da ƙari, rage rikice-rikice, man yana yin aikin sanyaya pistons, wanda aka kawo a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba daga ramuka na musamman a cikin kasan sandar haɗi. Yana da muhimmanci a canza man fetur kowane kilomita 10-15, mafi kyau duka - bayan 7,5 dubu kilomita. Man fetur da ke gudana a cikin tsarin lubrication fiye da kilomita dubu 15 ya yi hasarar kaddarorinsa, "sharar gida" ya bayyana saboda daidaitawa a kan ganuwar Silinda. Ana nuna alamun da aka ba da shawarar a teburin da ke sama.
Tsarin sanyaya da kunna wuta
Tsarin kwantar da hankali yana da nau'in rufaffiyar, ruwa yana kewaya ta hanyar tashoshi a cikin mahallin motar, inda ake yin musayar zafi. Radiators, famfo, ma'aunin zafi da sanyio da magoya bayan wutar lantarki suna tabbatar da aiki na tsarin sanyaya ba tare da katsewa ba. Ƙarfin ya bambanta dangane da alamar injin. A matsayin mai sanyaya, masana'anta suna ba da shawarar yin amfani da nau'in antifreeze na Honda 2, wanda aka tanadar don wannan jerin injunan.
Ana wakilta tsarin ƙonewa ta hanyar coil, kyandir, na'urar sarrafa lantarki da manyan wayoyi masu ƙarfi. Babu wasu canje-canje na tsari a cikin tsarin sanyaya da kunna wuta.
Nau'in Motors na jerin R18
Jerin injin ɗin ya haɗa da samfura da yawa tare da ƴan bambance-bambance kaɗan:
- R18 A1 - wannan samfurin tare da halaye iri ɗaya na motar R18 A, wanda aka tsara don motoci a Japan da Arewacin Amirka;
- R18 A2 - wannan engine aka shigar a kan Turai motoci. Halaye ba su bambanta da R18 A;
- R18 Z1 - gyare-gyaren sigar, 141 hp, karfin juyi bai canza ba. Bambance-bambancen ƙirar ya ta'allaka ne a cikin sabunta tsarin rarraba iskar gas, wanda a cikin ƙananan gudu yana kashe bawul mai shiga 1 a cikin kowane silinda. 5000 rpm na kayan aiki da yawa;
- R18 Z1 - kwafin samfurin baya ne, wanda aka sanya akan motocin Honda Civic na Turai;
- R18 Z9 mota ce mai kama da R18 Z1, wanda aka kera don Honda HR-V.
Abin dogaro
Gabaɗaya, jerin R18 sun kafa kanta azaman abin dogaro mai ƙarfi wanda ba kasafai yake kasawa ba. Sirrin shine cewa babu wani abu mai yawa don karya a nan - ƙirar waɗannan raka'a mai ƙarfi yana da sauƙi. Ɗayan camshaft yana hidimar shaye-shaye da shaye-shaye a lokaci guda, kuma sarkar lokaci ta fi dogara fiye da bel. Jikin aluminium mai ƙarfi na injin da kawunan silinda na iya jure canjin yanayin zafi daidai. Kamar yadda aikin ya nuna, filastik mai zafi na murfin bawul ba ya lalacewa ko da bayan shekaru 5-7. Idan kun bi shawarwarin masana'anta kuma ku aiwatar da ingantaccen ingantaccen injin, injin ɗin zai rufe fiye da kilomita dubu 300.
Kulawa da rauni
Duk wani mai hankali mai hankali zai gaya muku - mafi sauƙi motar ita ce, mafi aminci da sauƙi don kulawa. An tsara jerin ICEs na R18 kamar daidaitattun injunan injunan silinda huɗu waɗanda kowane ma'aikacin sabis na mota ya san su. Karamar matsala ita ce kawai rashin isa ga wasu sassa da taruka a cikin kayan injin. Daga cikin matsalolin gama gari na injin R18 sune:
- Karfe ƙwanƙwasa lokacin aiki shine ciwon farko da ke bayyana kowane kilomita dubu 30-40. Motar ba ta da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa kuma shirin lalacewa yana sa kansa ya ji. Ana buƙatar gyara bawuloli.
- Idan saurin injin yana yawo, yana girgiza lokacin da ake amfani da iskar gas - duba sarkar lokaci. Tare da m gudu, an shimfiɗa sarkar, yana buƙatar maye gurbinsa.
- Amo yayin aiki - sau da yawa dalilin na iya zama gazawar abin nadi na tashin hankali. Its albarkatun ne 100 dubu kilomita, amma wani lokacin kadan kadan.
- Matsanancin girgiza - a cikin yanayin sanyi, waɗannan injin suna girgiza kaɗan yayin aiki, amma idan girgizar tana da mahimmanci, kuna buƙatar bincika abubuwan hawan injin a hankali, ana iya buƙatar maye gurbin su.
Gidan fasahar waya
Dangane da sake dubawa na masu motoci, duk haɓakar wannan nau'in injuna suna da tasiri sosai akan albarkatun da abubuwan ci. Don haka, ko kasancewa cikin gamsuwa da sigogin masana'anta ko aiwatar da kunnawa yanke shawara ce ta mutum kawai.
Mafi yawan gyare-gyaren R18 guda biyu sune:
- Turbine da compressor shigarwa. Godiya ga shigar da kwampreso wanda ke ba da alluran tilasta iska a cikin ɗakin konewa, ƙarfin injin ƙonewa na ciki yana ƙaruwa zuwa 300 dawakai. Kasuwar kera motoci ta zamani tana ba da nau'ikan compressors da injin turbin da ke kashe kuɗi mai ƙarfi. Dole ne shigar da irin waɗannan haɓakawa dole ne ya haɗa da maye gurbin ƙungiyar silinda-piston mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, da nozzles da famfon mai.
- Gyaran yanayi. Mafi kyawun zaɓi na kasafin kuɗi shine yin gyaran guntu, shan sanyi da shayewar kai tsaye. Wannan ƙirƙira za ta ƙara ƙarin ƙarfin dawakai 10. Amfanin da babu shakka shi ne cewa gyare-gyaren ba ya shafi rayuwar injin musamman. Zaɓin mafi tsada ya haɗa da shigar da mai karɓar abun ciki, maye gurbin pistons tare da matsi na 12,5, injectors da canza kan silinda. Wannan zaɓin zai yi tsada sosai kuma yana ƙara kusan ƙarfin doki 180 ga motar.
Jerin motocin da aka sanya wannan injin a kansu:
- Honda Civic;
- Ruwan Honda;
- Honda Cossroad.
