Injin BMW M20
Abubuwa
Silsilar injin BMW M20 wani in-line mai silinda guda shida ne guda camshaft mai ƙarfin lantarki. Na farko samar da jerin fara a 1977 da kuma na karshe model birgima kashe taron line a 1993. Na farko model a kan abin da injuna na wannan jerin aka yi amfani da su E12 520/6 da E21 320/6. Matsakaicin girman aikin su shine lita 2.0, yayin da mafi girma da sabon sigar yana da lita 2.7. Daga baya M20 ya zama tushen ga halittar M21 dizal engine.
Tun daga shekarun 1970, saboda karuwar buƙatun mabukaci, BMW ya buƙaci sabbin injuna don jerin samfuran 3 da 5, waɗanda zasu zama ƙanana fiye da jerin M30 da aka rigaya, duk da haka, yayin da ke riƙe da daidaitawar layin Silinda shida. Sakamakon ya kasance M2-lita 20, wanda har yanzu shine mafi ƙarancin layi-shida daga BMW. Tare da kundin daga 1991 cubic meters. duba har zuwa 2693 cc duba wadannan Motors da aka yi amfani a kan model E12, E28, E34 5 jerin, E21 da kuma E30 3 jerin.
Musamman fasali na M20 daga M30 sune:
- Belin lokaci maimakon sarka;
- Silinda diamita 91 mm maimakon 100 mm;
- Matsakaicin karkata shine digiri 20 maimakon 30, kamar M30.
Hakanan, M20 yana da shingen silinda na ƙarfe, shugaban katangar aluminium, camshaft ɗaya tare da bawuloli biyu akan silinda.
M20V20
Wannan shine samfurin farko na wannan jerin kuma an yi amfani dashi akan motoci biyu: E12 520/6 da E21 320/6. Silinda diamita ne 80 mm da piston bugun jini ne 66 mm. Da farko, an yi amfani da carburetor Solex 4A1 tare da ɗakuna huɗu don samar da cakuda da kuma ciyar da shi a cikin Silinda. Tare da wannan tsarin, an sami rabon matsawa na 9.2: 1 kuma babban gudun shine 6400 rpm. Na'urori 320 na farko sun yi amfani da fankoki na lantarki don sanyaya, amma daga 1979 sun fara amfani da fanka mai haɗaɗɗiyar zafi.
A cikin 1981, an yi wa M20V20 allura da allura, bayan da ya karɓi tsarin Bosh K-Jetronic. Tun daga 1981, an kuma yi amfani da hakora masu zagaye akan bel ɗin camshaft don kawar da kuka lokacin da injin ke gudana. Matsakaicin injin allura ya karu zuwa 9.9: 1, ƙimar matsakaicin saurin juyawa ya ragu zuwa 6200 rpm tare da tsarin LE-Jetronic. Don ƙirar E30, injin ɗin ya sami haɓakawa dangane da maye gurbin kan silinda, toshe mai sauƙi da sabbin manifolds waɗanda suka dace da tsarin LE-Jetronic (M20B20LE). A cikin 1987, a karo na biyu da na ƙarshe, an shigar da sabon samar da man fetur da kayan allura, Bosh Motronic akan M20V20, wanda matsawa shine 8.8: 1.
Ƙarfin mota yana daga 121 zuwa 127 hp. A gudun daga 5800 zuwa 6000 rpm, karfin juyi ya bambanta daga 160 zuwa 174 N * m.
amfani a kan model
- 1976–1981 E12 520/6 (карбюратор)
- 1977–1982 E21 320/6 (карбюратор)
- 1981-1982 E28 520i
- 1982-1984 E28 520i
- 1982-1984 E30 320i
- 1984-1987 E28 520i
- 1984-1987 E30 320i
- 1986-1987 E28 520i
- 1987-1992 E30 320i
- 1988-1990 E34 520i
M20B20kat ingantaccen sigar M20B20 ne wanda aka ƙirƙira don Series na BMW 5 kuma yana da fasali da yawa. Abu na farko da ya bambanta shi ne kasancewar tsarin Bosh Motronic da na'ura mai canzawa wanda yake sabo a wancan lokacin, wanda ke rage yawan hayaki da injin ke samarwa.
Saukewa: M20B23
Watanni shida bayan fara samar da M20V20 na farko a shekarar 1977, an fara samar da alluran (ported injection) M20V23. Domin ta samar da wannan block shugaban da aka yi amfani da carburetor M20V20, amma tare da crank mika zuwa 76.8 mm. Diamita na Silinda har yanzu yana da 80 mm. Tsarin alluran da aka rarraba, wanda asalinsa aka sanya akan wannan injin, shine K-Jetronic. Daga baya, an maye gurbin shi da sabon tsarin L-Jetronic da LE-Jetronic. The aiki girma na engine ne 2.3 lita, wanda shi ne dan kadan fiye da baya daya, duk da haka, da karuwa a ikon ne riga m: 137-147 hp. da 5300 rpm. M20B23 da M20B20 sune wakilan karshe na jerin, wanda aka samar kafin 1987 tare da tsarin Jetronic.
amfani a kan model
- 1977-1982 E21323i
- 1982-1984 E30323i
- 1984-1987 E30323i
Saukewa: M20B25
Wannan motar ta maye gurbin biyun da suka gabata, wanda aka samar kawai tare da tsarin allurar Bosh Motronic na nau'ikan iri daban-daban. Kaura 2494 cu. cm yana ba ku damar haɓaka 174 hp. (ba tare da mai canzawa ba) a 6500 rpm, wanda ya zarce aikin ƙananan wakilan jerin. Diamita na Silinda ya girma zuwa 84 mm, kuma bugun piston zuwa 75 mm. Matsi ya kasance a matakin guda - 9.7:1. Hakanan akan sabbin sigogin, tsarin Motronic 1.3 ya bayyana, wanda ya rage aikin injin. Bugu da kari, catalytic Converter rage ikon zuwa 169 hp, duk da haka, ba a shigar a kan duk motoci.
amfani a kan model
- 1985-1993 E30325i
- 1989-1990 E34525i
- 1988-1991 Z1
M20V27 shine injin M20 mafi girma kuma mafi girma na BMW. An ƙera shi don ya zama mafi inganci da juzu'i a ƙananan revs, wanda ba shine abin da aka saba ba don BMW inline-sixes yana gudana a iyakar 6000 rpm. Ba kamar M20B25 ba, bugun piston ya girma zuwa 81 mm, da diamita na Silinda zuwa 84 mm. Shugaban toshe ya ɗan bambanta da B25, camshaft shima ya bambanta, amma bawuloli sun kasance iri ɗaya.
Maɓuɓɓugan ruwa suna da laushi, suna ɗaukar ƙarin kuzari mai yawa, wanda ya haɓaka aiki. Har ila yau, don wannan injin, ana amfani da sabon nau'in nau'i mai nau'i mai tsayi tare da tashoshi masu tsayi, kuma ma'auni daidai yake da sauran M20. Godiya ga waɗannan canje-canje, an rage girman iyakar saurin injin zuwa 4800 rpm. Matsi a cikin waɗannan injuna ya dogara da kasuwar da aka kai su: motoci masu matsa lamba 11: 1 suna tuki a Amurka, kuma 9.0: 1 ana sayar da su a Turai.
amfani a kan model
- 1982-1987 E30325e, 325e
- 1982-1988 E28525e
Ikon samar da wannan model ba ya wuce sauran - 121-127 hp, amma karfin juyi tare da gefe na 14 N * m daga mafi girma (M20B25) ne 240 N * m a 3250 rpm.
Sabis
Don wannan jerin injuna, kusan buƙatun iri ɗaya don aiki da mai da ake amfani da su. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da SAE Semi-synthetics tare da danko na 10w-40, 5w-40, 0w-40. A wasu lokuta, ana bada shawara don cika synthetics don sake zagayowar maye gurbin ɗaya. Masu kera mai ya kamata a kula da su: Liqui Molly, Kulawa, duba kowane kilomita 10, maye gurbin kayan masarufi - kamar kowa. Amma yana da daraja tunawa daya fasalin BMW gabaɗaya - kana buƙatar saka idanu a hankali matakin ruwa, tunda gaskets sau da yawa sun zama marasa amfani kuma suna fara zubewa. Duk da haka, wannan ba irin wannan babban koma baya ba ne, tun da yake an warware shi ta hanyar siyan abubuwan da aka gyara daga kayan aiki masu kyau.
Game da wurin wurin lambar injin - tun da toshe yana da nau'i iri ɗaya - lambar ga duk nau'ikan jerin suna samuwa a sama da matosai, a cikin ɓangaren sama na toshe.
Injin M20 da halayensu
| Injin | HP/r/min | N*m/r/min | Shekaru na samarwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Saukewa: M20B20 | 120/6000 | 160/4000 | 1976-1982 |
| 125/5800 | 170/4000 | 1981-1982 | |
| 122/5800 | 170/4000 | 1982-1984 | |
| 125/6000 | 174/4000 | 1984-1987 | |
| 125/6000 | 190/4500 | 1986-1992 | |
| Saukewa: M20B23 | 140/5300 | 190/4500 | 1977-1982 |
| 135/5300 | 205/4000 | 1982-1984 | |
| 146/6000 | 205/4000 | 1984-1987 | |
| Saukewa: M20B25 | 172/5800 | 226/4000 | 1985-1987 |
| 167/5800 | 222/4300 | 1987-1991 | |
| Saukewa: M20B27 | 121/4250 | 240/3250 | 1982-1987 |
| 125/4250 | 240/3250 | 1987-1992 |
Tuna da musanyawa
Batun kunna BMW an bayyana da kyau, amma da farko yana da kyau a fahimci ko wata mota tana buƙatar ta ko a'a. Mafi sauƙaƙan abin da aka saba yi tare da jerin M20 shine shigar da injin turbine da kunna guntu, cire mai kara kuzari, idan akwai. Wadannan haɓakawa suna ba ku damar samun har zuwa 200 hp. daga irin wannan sabon da ƙananan mota - kusan bambancin Turai akan jigon ƙananan injuna masu ƙarfi, wanda aka yi da kuma yin aiki a Japan har yau.
Sau da yawa, masu motoci daga irin wannan tsofaffin shekarun samarwa suna tunani game da maye gurbin injin, tun da albarkatun shekaru 20 ko fiye suna da ban sha'awa. Injin zamani na sabon BMW da Toyota sun zo don ceto a nan, musamman suna jan hankali ta yadda yaɗuwarsu da amincin su. Har ila yau, halayen wutar lantarki da yawa na injunan zamani har zuwa lita 3 zasu ba da damar yin amfani da su ba tare da maye gurbin gearbox ba. Game da shigar da injin konewa na ciki wanda ya zarce halayen asali, kuma dole ne a saita wurin binciken yadda ya kamata.
Har ila yau, idan ka mallaki wani tsohon BMW daga M20 kafin 1986, za ka iya inganta tsarinsa zuwa na zamani da kuma samun ingantacciyar haɓaka. Wasu suna shigar da tsarin bisa ƙayyadaddun yanayin aiki, ko suna son cimma ingantacciyar juzu'i "a kan ƙasa".
