Injin Mitsubishi 4d56
Abubuwa
Naúrar wutar lantarki ta Mitsubishi 4d56 injin dizal ne mai silinda huɗu, wanda aka kera don motoci iri ɗaya a cikin shekarun 90s.
Ya kafa ra'ayi game da kansa a matsayin injiniyan abin dogara, wanda ba wai kawai ba shi da wata cuta ko ƙira, amma kuma yana da tattalin arziki a lokaci guda, kuma a lokaci guda yana da sauƙin kiyayewa.
Tarihin injin
Bangaren injin na kamfanin kera motoci na Japan Mitsubishi ya kwashe shekaru goma yana haɓaka injin 4d56. A sakamakon haka, an samar da isasshen iko naúrar wutar lantarki, wanda zai iya hanzarta hanzarta irin wannan mota mai wahala kamar Mitsubishi Pajero Sport kuma ya shawo kan rashin wucewa.
Mitsubishi 4d56 (wanda aka kwatanta a cikin yanke) an sake yin muhawara a cikin 1986 akan ƙarni na farko Pajero. Shi ne magaji na 2,4-lita 4D55 engine. Gajeren toshe na wannan motar an yi shi da simintin ƙarfe na ƙarfe, wanda ya haɗa da tsarin layi na silinda huɗu. An ƙara diamita na Silinda kaɗan idan aka kwatanta da wanda ya riga shi 4D55 kuma shine 91,1 mm. An sanye da shingen da ƙirƙira crankshaft tare da ma'aunin ma'auni guda biyu da ƙarar bugun piston. Hakanan an ƙara tsayin sandunan haɗin kai da tsayin matsawa na pistons kuma adadinsu ya kai 158 da 48,7 mm, bi da bi. A sakamakon duk canje-canje, da manufacturer ya yi nasarar cimma wani ƙãra engine gudun hijira - 2,5 lita.
A saman katangar akwai kan silinda (CCB), wanda aka yi da aluminium gami kuma ya haɗa da ɗakunan konewa. Na'urar rarraba iskar gas na injin (lokaci) tana sanye take da camshaft guda ɗaya, wato, bawuloli biyu a kowace silinda (ci abinci ɗaya da shaye ɗaya). Kamar yadda ake tsammani, diamita na bawul ɗin ci ya ɗan girma fiye da bawul ɗin shaye-shaye (40 da 34 mm, bi da bi), kuma tushen bawul ɗin yana da kauri 8 mm.
Muhimmanci! Tun lokacin da aka samar da injin 4D56 na ɗan lokaci, tsarin rarraba iskar gas bai bambanta ba a cikin sabbin hanyoyin warwarewa. Sabili da haka, ana bada shawara don daidaita bawuloli (rockers) don wannan motar kowane kilomita dubu 15 (sharar shaye-shaye da shaye-shaye shine 0,15 mm akan injin sanyi). Bugu da kari, tafiyar lokaci ba ya haɗa da sarkar, amma bel, wanda ke nuna maye gurbinsa kowane kilomita dubu 90. Idan an yi watsi da wannan, to, haɗarin fashewar bel yana ƙaruwa, wanda zai haifar da nakasar rockers!
Injin Mitsubishi 4d56 yana da analogues a cikin layin ƙirar injin daga kamfanin kera motoci na Koriya ta Hyundai. Bambance-bambancen farko na wannan injin sun kasance na yanayi kuma ba su bambanta ba a cikin kowane fage mai ƙarfi ko haɓaka aiki: ikon ya kasance 74 hp, ƙarfin ƙarfin ya kasance 142 N * m. Kamfanin na Koriya ya yi musu tanadin motocinsu na D4BA da D4BX.
Bayan haka, an fara samar da gyare-gyaren turbocharged na injin dizal 4d56, inda aka yi amfani da MHI TD04-09B azaman turbocharger. Wannan naúrar ya ba da wutar lantarki sabuwar rayuwa, wanda aka bayyana a cikin karuwa a cikin iko da karfin juyi (90 hp da 197 N * m, bi da bi). Ana kiran wannan motar ta Koriya ta Koriya ta D4BF kuma an shigar da ita akan Hyundai Galloper da Grace.
Injunan 4d56 da suka yi amfani da ƙarni na biyu Mitsubishi Pajero an sanye su da injin turbine mai inganci na TD04-11G. Na gaba inganta shi ne Bugu da kari na intercooler, kazalika da karuwa a cikin manyan fasaha Manuniya na engine: ikon zuwa - 104 hp, da karfin juyi - har zuwa 240 N * m. A wannan karon wutar lantarki tana da ma'aunin Hyundai D4BH.
An saki nau'in injin 4d56 tare da tsarin mai na Rail na gama gari a cikin 2001. Motar an sanye ta da sabon turbocharger MHI TF035HL wanda aka haɗa tare da na'urar sanyaya. Bugu da ƙari, an yi amfani da sababbin pistons, wanda ya haifar da raguwa a cikin matsawa zuwa 17. Duk wannan ya haifar da karuwa a cikin wutar lantarki ta 10 hp da karfin juyi ta 7 Nm, idan aka kwatanta da samfurin injiniya na baya. Injin wannan tsara an sanya su di-d (hoton) kuma sun cika ma'aunin muhalli na EURO-3.
Ingantattun tsarin shugaban silinda na DOHC, wato, tsarin camshaft guda biyu wanda ya haɗa da bawuloli huɗu a kowace silinda (ci biyu da shayewa biyu), da kuma tsarin allurar mai na Rail na gama gari na gyare-gyare na biyu, an fara amfani da shi akan 4d56 CRDi wutar lantarki tun 2005. Har ila yau, diamita na bawul din sun canza, sun zama karami: shigarwa - 31,5 mm, da shaye - 27,6 mm, ƙwayar bawul ya ragu zuwa 6 mm. Bambancin farko na injin yana da turbocharger IHI RHF4, wanda ya ba da damar haɓaka ƙarfin har zuwa 136 hp, kuma ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya karu zuwa 324 N * m. Har ila yau, akwai ƙarni na biyu na wannan motar, wanda aka kwatanta da injin turbine guda ɗaya, amma tare da nau'i mai mahimmanci. Bugu da ƙari, an yi amfani da pistons daban-daban, wanda aka tsara don ƙimar matsawa na 16,5. Dukkanin sassan wutar lantarki sun cika ka'idojin muhalli EURO-4 da EURO-5, daidai da shekarar da aka yi.
Muhimmanci! Hakanan ana nuna wannan motar ta hanyar daidaita bawul na lokaci-lokaci, ana ba da shawarar aiwatar da shi kowane kilomita dubu 90. Darajar su ga injin sanyi shine kamar haka: ci - 0,09 mm, shayewa - 0,14 mm.
Tun daga shekarar 1996, an fara cire injin 4D56 daga wasu samfuran mota, kuma an shigar da naúrar wutar lantarki ta 4M40 EFI maimakon. Ƙarshen ƙarshe na samarwa bai zo ba tukuna, an sanye su da motoci a cikin kasashe daban-daban. Wanda ya gaje shi 4D56 shine injin 4N15, wanda aka fara halarta a shekarar 2015.
Технические характеристики
The aiki girma na 4d56 engine a kan duk da versions ya 2,5 lita, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a cire 95 hp ba tare da turbocharger a kan daga baya model. Injin ba ya bambanta a cikin kowane sabon mafita na ƙira kuma an yi shi a cikin daidaitaccen tsari: shimfidar layi na silinda huɗu, tare da kan silinda na aluminum, da shingen ƙarfe na simintin gyare-gyare. Yin amfani da irin waɗannan nau'ikan ƙarfe na ƙarfe yana ba da kwanciyar hankali da zafin jiki da ake buƙata na motar kuma, haka ma, yana rage yawan adadinsa.
Wani fasali na wannan injin shine crankshaft, wanda aka yi da karfe kuma yana da maki biyar na tallafi a cikin nau'i na bearings lokaci guda. Hannun hannayen riga sun bushe kuma an danna su a cikin toshe, wanda baya ba da izinin samar da hannun riga a lokacin babban girman. Kodayake pistons na 4d56 an yi su ne da ƙarfe na aluminum mai nauyi, har yanzu ana siffanta su da kyakkyawan ƙarfi da aminci.
An shigar da ɗakunan konewa na Swirl don ƙara halayen wuta, da kuma inganta sigogin muhalli. Bugu da ƙari, tare da taimakonsu, masu zanen kaya sun sami cikakkiyar konewar man fetur, wanda ya kara yawan aikin injin gaba ɗaya, yayin da a lokaci guda rage yawan fitar da abubuwa masu cutarwa a cikin yanayi.
Tun 1991, na'urar wutar lantarki ta Mitsubishi 4d56 ta sami wasu canje-canje. An sanye shi da wani tsari na musamman don ƙara dumama injin kafin farawa. Hakan ya sa a iya magance matsalar da ta dade da haihuwa wajen aikin motar dizal a lokacin sanyi, domin tun daga wannan lokacin, masu injinan 4d56 sun manta da matsalar da ke tattare da daskarewar man dizal a yanayin zafi.
Irin wannan nau'in injin Mitsubishi 4d56 an sanye shi da turbocharger, wanda ke da iska da sanyaya ruwa. Kasancewarsa ya ba da izini ba kawai don haɓaka halayen wutar lantarki ba, har ma don ba da ƙarin ƙarfin gwiwa, farawa daga ƙananan gudu. Ko da yake wannan sabon ci gaba ne, injin injin turbin, yana yin la'akari da martani daga masu shi, yana da kyakkyawan matakin dogaro kuma gabaɗaya ya sami nasara sosai. Rushewar sa kusan koyaushe yana da alaƙa da rashin aiki mara kyau da aikin kulawa mara inganci.
Hakanan ya kamata a jaddada cewa Mitsubishi 4d56 ba shi da fa'ida a cikin aiki da kulawa. Bayan haka, ko da canjin mai ana iya yin shi kowane kilomita dubu 15. Babban matsi na man fetur (hoton) an kuma kwatanta shi da tsawon rayuwar sabis - an maye gurbinsa ba a baya fiye da nisan kilomita 300, lokacin da plungers suka ƙare.
Da ke ƙasa akwai tebur na manyan sigogin fasaha na injin Mitsubishi 4d56, a cikin nau'ikan yanayi da turbocharged:
| Indexididdigar injin | 4D56 | 4D56 "Turbo" |
|---|---|---|
| Girman injin konewa na ciki, cc | 2476 | |
| Arfi, hp | 70 - 95 | 82 - 178 |
| Karfin juyi, N * m | 234 | 400 |
| nau'in injin | Diesel | |
| Matsakaicin amfani da mai, l / 100 km | 05.01.2018 | 5.9 - 11.4 |
| Nau'in mai | 5W-30 10W-30 10W-40 15W-40 | |
| Bayanin Motoci | Yanayin yanayi, in-line 4-cylinder, 8-bawul | Turbocharged, in-line 4-Silinda, 8 ko 16-bawul, OHC (DOHC), COMMON RAIL |
| Silinda diamita, mm | 91.1 | 85 - 91 |
| Matsakaicin matsawa | 21 | 21 |
| Bugun jini, mm | 95 | 88 - 95 |
Ƙananan laifuka
Wannan inji yana da kyakkyawan mataki na aminci, amma kamar kowane injin, yana da adadin "cututtuka", wanda, aƙalla wani lokaci, yana faruwa:
- Ƙara matakin girgiza, da kuma fashewar mai. Mafi mahimmanci, wannan rashin aiki ya samo asali ne saboda bel mai daidaitawa, wanda zai iya shimfiɗa ko ma karya. Maye gurbinsa zai magance matsalar kuma an yi shi ba tare da cire injin ba;
- Ƙara yawan man fetur. A wannan yanayin, ana iya samun dalilai fiye da ɗaya. Mafi yawanci shine rashin aiki na famfun allura. A mafi yawan lokuta, ta hanyar kilomita dubu 200-300, yana ƙarewa da yawa, sakamakon abin da ba ya haifar da matakan da ake bukata, injin ba ya ja, kuma yawan man fetur ya karu;
- Ruwan man inji daga ƙarƙashin murfin bawul. Gyara ya sauko zuwa gaskiyar cewa ya kamata a maye gurbin murfin murfin bawul. Naúrar wutar lantarki ta 4d56 tana da girman juriya ga zafi mai yawa, saboda wanda ko da yanayin zafi da wuya ya haifar da nakasar kan silinda;
- Ƙaruwa a matakin jijjiga dangane da rpm. Tun da wannan motar tana da nauyi mai yawa, abu na farko da za a kula da shi shine hawan injin, wanda dole ne a canza shi kowane kilomita dubu 300;
- Hayaniya mai yawa (bugu). Mataki na farko shine kula da crankshaft pulley;
- Ruwan mai daga ƙarƙashin hatimin ma'auni na ma'auni, crankshaft, camshaft, sump gasket, da kuma firikwensin mai;
- Motar tana shan taba. Mafi mahimmanci, laifin shine aikin da ba daidai ba na atomizers, wanda ke haifar da konewar man fetur ba cikakke ba;
- Injin troit. Sau da yawa, wannan yana nuna cewa ƙungiyar piston ta ƙara lalacewa, musamman zobe da layi. Har ila yau, tsinkewar kusurwar allurar mai na iya zama laifi;
- Ƙaƙƙarfan maganin daskarewa a cikin tankin faɗaɗa yana nuna cewa, tare da mafi girman yiwuwar yiwuwar, fashewa ya samo asali a cikin GCB kuma ana hura ruwa daga ciki;
- Bututun dawo da mai mai rauni sosai. Ƙunƙasa su da yawa zai iya haifar da lalacewa da sauri;
- A kan injunan Mitsubishi 4d56, suna aiki tare da watsawa ta atomatik, ana lura da rashin isassun gogayya. Masu mallaka da yawa sun sami hanyar fita wajen tsaurara kebul na kickdown;
- Idan rashin isasshen dumama mai da injin gabaɗaya, ya zama dole don daidaita dumama ta atomatik.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a saka idanu da yanayin ma'auni na bel (kowane kilomita dubu 50) kuma, idan ya cancanta, maye gurbin shi a cikin lokaci. Karyewar sa na iya tsoma baki tare da aiki na bel na lokaci, wanda zai haifar da karyewar sa. Wasu masu suna kawar da ma'auni na ma'auni, amma a wannan yanayin, nauyin da ke kan crankshaft yana ƙaruwa, wanda zai iya haifar da raguwa a cikin sauri. Hoton kasa yana nuna tsarin cajin injin:
Turbocharger a cikin wannan injin yana da albarkatu mai kyau, wanda ya fi kilomita dubu 300. Ya kamata a lura cewa bawul ɗin EGR (EGR) sau da yawa yana toshe, don haka kowane kilomita dubu 30 ya zama dole don tsaftace shi. Hakanan ya kamata a gudanar da bincike na sabis na injin don kurakurai, saboda wannan yana ba ku damar waƙa da canje-canje a cikin halayen injin.
Muhimmanci! Injin Mitsubishi 4d56, musamman nau'in 178 hp, da gaske ba ya son ƙarancin mai, wanda ke rage rayuwar gabaɗayan wutar lantarki. Ana ba da shawarar maye gurbin matatun mai kowane kilomita 15 - 30 dubu!
A ƙasa akwai wurin lambar serial ɗin injin Mitsubishi 4d56:
Gyaran injin 4D56
Ya kamata a lura da cewa irin wannan tsakiyar-shekaru engine kamar Mitsubishi 4d56 kamata ba a tilasta. Duk da haka, wasu masu mallakar suna aika wannan motar zuwa sabis na daidaitawa, inda suke yin gyaran guntu da canza injin firmware. Don haka, ana iya haɓaka samfurin 116 hp zuwa 145 hp kuma a saka kusan 80 N * m na juzu'i. Motocin 4D56 na 136 hp ana kunna har zuwa 180 hp, kuma alamun juzu'i sun wuce 350 N * m. Mafi kyawun sigar 4D56 tare da 178 hp an guntu har zuwa 210 hp, kuma karfin juyi ya wuce 450 N * m.
Canjin injin Mitsubishi 4d56 a cikin 2,7 l
Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa shine cewa an shigar da injin 4d56 (yawanci injin kwangila) akan motar UAZ kuma ana aiwatar da wannan spawn ba tare da wata matsala ba. The manual watsa (manual watsa) da kuma razdatka na Ulyanovsk mota cikakken jimre da ikon wannan ikon naúrar.
Bambanci tsakanin injin D4BH da D4BF
A zahiri, D4BH (4D56 TCI) analog ne na D4BF, duk da haka, suna da bambance-bambancen ƙira a cikin injin sanyaya, wanda ke kwantar da iskar gas. Bugu da ƙari, rami don zubar da mai daga injin turbine don injin guda ɗaya yana cikin gidan silinda, wanda aka haɗa da bututu na musamman, kuma ga sauran duk abin yana cikin akwati. Silinda tubalan na waɗannan injuna suna da pistons daban-daban.
Gyaran injin Mitsubishi 4d56
Injin Mitsubishi 4d56 yana da ingantaccen kulawa. Duk abubuwan da ke cikin rukunin piston (fistan, igiyoyi masu haɗawa, zobe, layin layi, da sauransu), da tsarin rarraba iskar gas (prechamber, bawul, rocker, da sauransu) ana maye gurbinsu daban-daban. Iyakar abin da ke faruwa shine masu layi na silinda block, wanda dole ne a canza tare da toshe. Haɗe-haɗe irin su famfo, thermostat, da abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin kunna wuta ya kamata a canza su bayan wani ɗan nisan mil, wanda masana'anta suka bayyana. A ƙasa akwai hoto da ke nuna wurin da alamun lokaci da kuma daidai shigar bel:
Motoci masu injuna 4d56
A ƙasa akwai jerin motocin da aka sanye da waɗannan na'urorin wutar lantarki:
- Mitsubishi Challenger;
- Mitsubishi Delica (Delica);
- Mitsubishi L200;
- Mitsubishi Pajero (Pajero);
- Mitsubishi Pajero Pinin;
- Mitsubishi Pajero Wasanni;
- Mitsubishi Strada.
