Injin BMW N42B20

Injin in-layi na ɗaya daga cikin manyan kera motoci na duniya, BMW, a zahiri, ba wai kawai ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙirƙira da ƙarfin aikin injiniya ba ne, har ma sun kasance masu ɗaukar dogon tarihi.

Yin amfani da misalin injuna dangane da shingen silinda na N42B20, zaku iya bin diddigin abubuwan da injiniyoyin Bavaria suka kula yayin kera injunan.

Description

Idan ka bincika tarihin injunan BMW a takaice, zamu iya cewa injiniyoyin Bavaria suna girmama al'adun su a hankali, kuma sabbin hanyoyin magance su sun dogara ne akan neman kamala. Kun ce injin da ya dace ta kowane fanni ba zai iya wanzuwa ba? Amma ba don tunanin masu binciken injiniyoyin Jamus ba, saboda ba su yarda da wannan magana ba, a duk lokacin da suke karya ra'ayi game da rashin ƙarfi a kan ƙananan injuna.

Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura da cewa gwanin injiniya da fasaha bai daɗe ba, saboda a tsakiyar shekarun 90s - farkon 2000s, zamanin tallace-tallace ya mamaye masana'antu daban-daban, kuma kusan motoci kusan a farkon wuri.

Wannan shi ne yadda injuna "guzzling" mai a cikin litar ya bayyana, tubalan silinda da ke kasawa kawai saboda zafi kadan da sauran "fasaha" masu banƙyama waɗanda ke da banƙyama ga yawancin masu motoci da masu aikin motar mota.

Duk da haka, na ƙarshe, irin wannan "dabaru" na fasaha ba su da matukar damuwa, idan ba a ce akasin haka ba.

Kada mu yi magana game da baƙin ciki abubuwa, bari mu yi la'akari da chronological tsari na samar da BMW injuna na matsakaici (ta kasuwa matsayin) girma, wato, 2.0 lita. Wannan juzu'i ne, tare da haɗin gwiwar fasahar zamani, injiniyoyin Bavarian sun yi la'akari da kusan manufa dangane da duk (!) Halayen da ake buƙata daga gare ta: iko, juzu'i, nauyi, amfani da man fetur, da rayuwar sabis. Gaskiya ne, injiniyoyi ba su zo wannan girma nan da nan ba, amma duk sun fara ne tare da injin almara tare da index M10, tare da shi ne duk tarihin manyan sikelin in-line huɗu na rukunin BMW ya fara.

Dole ne in yarda cewa a wancan lokacin, BMW ya yi, idan ba injiniya mai kyau ba, to tabbas yana daya daga cikin mafi kyawun tarihin kamfanin. Shi ne toshe M10 wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ƙarin filin don ɗimbin hanyoyin magance injiniyoyi, wanda a ƙarshe kamfanin ya fara gabatar da sabbin sassan sa. Akwai adadi mai yawa na bambance-bambancen fasaha na injina dangane da toshe M10, daga cikinsu:

• gwaje-gwaje tare da ƙarar injunan konewa na ciki;
• gwaje-gwaje tare da shugaban silinda;
• daban-daban tsarin samar da man fetur (1 carburetor, tagwaye carburetors, inji allura).

A nan gaba, block M10 ya fara kammala, da sababbin fasahohin da aka "gudanar a", a karshen da aka saki da dama na injuna, wanda dogara ne a kan "almara" M10. Akwai hanyoyin fasaha da yawa a wancan lokacin, tun daga tsarin samar da man fetur zuwa gwaje-gwaje tare da kawunan silinda (kawuna na silinda biyu) da kuma rarraba nauyin injin da injin gaba ɗaya. Jerin fasaha na injin, wanda ya dogara da M10 da yawa, muna ba da ɗan gajeren jerin daidai da tarihin ci gaba:

• M115/M116;
• M10B15/M10B16;
• M117/M118;
• M42, M43;
• M15 - M19, M22/23, M31;
• M64, M75 - nau'ikan fitarwa na injuna don kasuwannin Amurka (M64) da Japan (M75).

A nan gaba, tare da kara samar da Motors, Bavarian injiniyoyi sun zo ga ƙarshe da cewa mafi m da kuma fasaha ci-gaba mota M10 zai zama magaji ga Motors bisa BC (Silinda block) M40. Don haka sai injunan da suka biyo baya suka bayyana, daga cikinsu akwai M43 da N42B20, wadanda suka fi ba mu sha’awa.

Janar bayanai da fasaha halaye na ciki konewa engine BMW N42B20

An ƙirƙiri na'urori masu ƙarfi da suka dogara da toshe N42B20 bisa ga dukkan "canons" na ginin injin zamani. Motoci na samfuri akan wannan toshe sunyi alƙawarin ɗaukaka mai tsawo ga wannan rukunin, amma komai bai yi aiki kamar yadda ake tsammani ba. Wanda ya riga N42 shine motar da ke da alamar M43, wanda "ya sha" duk mafi kyawun fasahar da aka gwada akan layi hudu:

• aiki na bawuloli ta hanyar masu turawa;
• tsarin sarkar lokaci;
• ƙãra rigidity da ƙananan nauyi na silinda block;
• anti-buga daidaitawa (tare da raba aiki ga kowane Silinda);
• pistons da aka gyara ta fasaha (tare da yanke a cikin siket).

Bambance-bambancen injuna a kan N42 block, a hagu - N42B18 (juzu'i - 1.8 l), a dama - N42B20 (juzu'i - 2.0 l).

A halin yanzu, ɗayan manyan bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin injin N42B20 da sauran bambance-bambancen akan toshe N42 shine bayyanar shugaban silinda mai shaft biyu a hade tare da lokacin bawul mai ƙarfi (saboda tsarin VANOS) da tsarin ɗagawa na Valvetronic. Yin amfani da duk waɗannan tsarin da fasaha ya sa ya yiwu a rage yawan man fetur da kuma cire ƙarin iko (idan aka kwatanta da sigogin da suka gabata) daga injin, amma, rashin alheri, bai ƙara dogara ba.

Shekarar ƙera naúrar wutar lantarki	Daga 2004 zuwa 2012*
nau'in injin	Fetur
Tsarin naúrar wutar lantarki	A cikin layi, silinda hudu
Ƙarar motar	2.0 l**
Tsarin wutar lantarki	Mai shigowa
Silinda kai	DOHC (biyu camshafts), tafiyar lokaci - sarkar
Enginearfin injin konewa na ciki	143 hp a 6000 rpm ***
Torque	200 nm a 3750***
Abu na Silinda block da Silinda kai	Silinda block - aluminum, Silinda shugaban - aluminum
Man fetur da ake buƙata	AI-96, AI-95 (Yuro 4-5 aji)
Hanyoyin injin konewa na ciki	Daga 200 zuwa 000 (dangane da aiki da kulawa), matsakaicin albarkatun shine 400 - 000 akan mota mai kyau.

Idan akwai buƙatar sanin ainihin alamar injin ɗin da lambar shaidarsa, to ya kamata ku dogara da zanen da ke ƙasa.

Gabaɗaya, injin ɗin ba zai iya yin fariya da kyakkyawan aiki ba, musamman idan aka kwatanta da al'ummomin da suka gabata na injin. Kamar yadda ake iya gani, babban bambance-bambancen shine rage yawan amfani da man fetur da kuma karuwa kadan a cikin wutar lantarki. Abin takaici kawai, zaku iya lura da haɓakar ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi kawai a cikin sauri mafi girma, har ma a hade tare da watsawa ta atomatik, zaku iya manta game da wutar lantarki da tseren sauri.

Matsalolin ciwon ICE BMW N42B20

Injunan da aka dogara akan katangar N42 sun zama kusan injunan kone-kone na cikin gida mafi inganci da fasaha a wancan lokacin. Ba kamar magabatansu ba, Bavarians sun yanke shawarar rikitar da ƙirar ta hanyar ƙara camshafts 2 zuwa kan silinda, kuma an ƙara musu tsarin Double-VANOS. A gaskiya ma, duk masana'anta sun kawo ɗaukaka ga waɗannan injiniyoyi, kodayake ba duk wanda masu zanen waɗannan injinan suka yi mafarkin ba.

camshafts guda biyu suna da kyau, ba shakka, amma babban saiti na hadaddun hanyoyin fasaha, kamar Double-VANOS, ya zama abin tuntuɓe. Duk wannan yana da tasiri mai kyau akan aikin yau da kullum, saboda an rage yawan man fetur, amma akwai wata ma'ana a cikin wannan? Musamman a yanayin da ake amfani da motoci a cikin ƙasashen Tarayyar Rasha da CIS, inda ingancin man fetur da man fetur ya bar abin da ake so. Ya zama bayyananne ga mai karatu mai sauri cewa yin amfani da ƙananan man fetur da man shafawa yana da mummunar tasiri a kan nodes. Ko hasashen tattalin arzikin man fetur ya cancanci tsadar gyaran injin konewa na ciki - bari kowa ya amsa wa kansa.

Mu, dangane da kididdiga bayanai, za mu lura da wasu nuances game da maintainability na wadannan Motors, amma bari mu dauki shi domin, kafin magana game da gyara, kana bukatar ka san abin da mafi sau da yawa karya saukar a cikin wadannan Motors. Kuma a nan komai ya riga ya fi rikitarwa, domin babbar matsalar wadannan injinan ita ce zafi da kuma karfin da ke tattare da mai.

Injiniyoyin BMW sun kafa babban mashaya don sarrafa zafin injin injin - sama da digiri 110, sakamakon haka - dumama mai a cikin akwati zuwa digiri 120-130, kuma idan kun yi la'akari da ƙaramin ƙarar cikawa, to komai ya juya ya zama sosai. m.

Cokes mai zafi yana toshe tashoshin mai, bayan lokaci, tsarin tsarin Valvetronic ya fara "ciji", kuma masu kunna tsarin Double-VANOS sun kasa.

A sakamakon haka, injin yana samun coking mai mahimmanci, yana dakatar da numfashi, kuma an ba da cewa ana aiwatar da fasahohin da ke sama akan toshe silinda na aluminum da shugaban Silinda, rubuta ɓarna. Yawancin masu BMW sun san da kansu game da kawunan silinda "mai iyo" saboda yawan zafi, ana buƙatar irin waɗannan "fasaha"? Zai yiwu cewa a cikin yanayin Turai, tare da ƙananan yanayin zafi, rashin cin abinci na zirga-zirga da man fetur mai inganci, waɗannan fasahohin za su nuna kansu daidai. Amma a cikin mawuyacin halin Rasha - babu shakka.

Idan ba ku taɓa matsala mai tsanani da na yau da kullun na motocin N42B20 / N42B18 da ke da alaƙa da zafi ba, amma suna shafar sauran abubuwan injin ɗin, to kusan babu maki mara ƙarfi a nan, sai dai wataƙila:

• lokaci sarkar tensioner (albarkatun ~ 90 - 000 km);
• rashin nasara akai-akai na nau'in nau'in wuta na BREMI (an warware ta hanyar maye gurbin coils tare da EPA);
• Man "zhor" saboda karyewar hatimin bawul (sauyin mai akai-akai ya zama dole kuma overheating na injin konewa na ciki bai dace ba).

Musanya da kiyayewa na injin konewa na ciki BMW N42B20

Ba za a iya kiran motar N42B20 mai iya kiyayewa da sauƙin kulawa ba, duk da haka, tare da aiki mai kyau, tare da canjin mai akai-akai (sau ɗaya a kowace kilomita 4000) da kuma rashin zafi, zai iya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo. Kuma ko da "babban birni" yana buƙatar wani lokaci, yana da nisa daga gaskiyar cewa motar ta yanzu dole ne a jefar da ita.

Idan babu zafi mai zafi da kuma kawunan silinda "rayuwa", gyaran ba zai zama na astronomical ba, amma tabbas zai buƙaci saka hannun jari. Har ila yau, yanayin yana sauƙaƙe ta hanyar ɗimbin kayan kayan da ba na asali ba a farashi mai sauƙi, wanda zai iya tsawaita rayuwar motar na wani lokaci (dangane da ingancin kayan aikin).

Sau da yawa, masu BMW tare da injunan N42B20 / N42B18 suna amfani da irin wannan bayani kamar musanyawa da mota zuwa wani. Rashin yarda don jure da ƙarfin injinan da ke kan shingen N42 yakan tilasta wa masu mallakar da yawa su maye gurbin 'yan ta'adda' su huɗu da wani abu mafi ƙarfi.

Mafi sau da yawa, daya daga cikin manyan injuna don musanya maimakon N42B20 sune injunan konewa na ciki (in-line six-cylinder):

• BMW M54B30;
• Toyota 2JZ-GTE.

Motocin da ke sama ba su da matsaloli masu tsanani kamar N42B20, suna da ƙarfi da aminci, kuma suna da sauƙin kunnawa.

Motoci masu injin BMW N42B20

Injin dogaran N42 Silinda block aka sanye take da daya kawai BMW line - shi ne 3-jerin (E-46 jiki). More musamman, waɗannan su ne samfuran masu zuwa:

• BMW 316Ti E46/5;
• BMW 316i E46 (sedan da yawon shakatawa irin jiki);
• BMW E46 318i;
• BMW E46 318Ci;
• BMW 318ti E46/5.