Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual
Gyara motoci,  Aikin inji

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Ba duka motoci ne ke da matsala a masana'anta ba, ko dai saboda ba a yi la'akari da hakan lokacin yin odar motar ba ko kuma mai asalin ba ya buƙatar ɗaya. Yanzu kuna tunanin sake gyara matsinku. Amma me ake nema? Wannan jagorar tana ba da bayyani na fasahar ja da tirela da yanayi.

Bukatun shigarwa na ja mashaya

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Kugiya - abu mai amfani . Duk da haka, fasaha ya ci gaba da yawa tare da tirela hitches da. A cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata, wayoyi a kan jirgin sun yi rawar gani sosai, kuma ƙa'idodin doka don tuƙin mota tare da tirela sun zama masu ƙarfi.

Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi batutuwa masu zuwa da suka shafi sake gyara abin yawu da kayan waya:

1. Lasin tuƙi don jan tirela a cikin cunkoson ababen hawa
2. Daban-daban tirela hitch zažužžukan
3. Ƙarin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan aikin waya
4. Shigar da abin towbar tare da kayan aikin wiwi na yi da kanka

1. Haƙƙin ɗaukar tirela: abin da ya dace a ƙasarmu

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Cikakken lasisin tuƙi na nau'in B yana ba ku damar tuƙi mota ko motar haya tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyi mai izini har zuwa 3500 kg, ja tirela mai matsakaicin adadin izini har zuwa 750 kg idan kun ci jarrabawar tuki a ranar 1 ga Janairu ko bayan haka. 1997 . A madadin, an ba ku izinin ja tirela mai nauyin MAM sama da 750 kg , idan na kowa MAM na tirela da tarakta bai wuce 3500 kg ba .

Idan kana so ka ja jiragen kasa masu nauyi, ka tabbata ka bi matakan da ke kan gidan yanar gizon Home Office don jan tirela. Kuna iya neman lasisin ɗan lokaci don matsakaicin girman babbar mota da tirela. Bayan cin nasarar gwajin motar, za ku iya yin gwajin tuƙi don samun nau'in lasisin tuki C1+E . Kafin siye da shigar da tirela, duba lasisin tuƙi don tirelar da kuke son ja kuma nemi lasin da ya dace idan ya cancanta.

Ka tuna cewa cikakken lasisin tuƙi gabaɗaya ya isa jigilar kekuna.

2. Zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban na towbar

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Mahimman ƙima don haɗin haɗin tirela shine matsakaicin nauyin da aka halatta, watau nauyin haɗakar tirela. Kuma tireloli da motoci da kaya mai karbuwa.

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual


Matsakaicin abin da aka yarda da shi akan motar , a matsayin mai mulkin, an nuna a cikin takardar shaidar rajistar abin hawa matukar dai an sanya motar da abin yabo daga masana'anta .

2.1 Yarda da halaltacciyar lodin mota da mashaya

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Akwai keɓancewa: nau'ikan alatu da yawa, motocin tsere da motoci masu haɗaka (motar lantarki hade da injin konewa na ciki) .

  • Idan takardun rajista suna nuna matsakaicin nauyin da aka yarda , wajibi ne a bambanta tsakanin zane-zane tare da ko ba tare da alamar CE ba.
  • Idan ma'aunin tawul ɗin alamar CE ne , kawai kuna buƙatar adana takaddun don mashaya a hannu.
  • Ajiye takardu a cikin sashin safar hannu . Don ababan hawa da mashaya ba tare da an rubuta halaccin kaya ba, tuntuɓi cibiyar sabis na MOT ko DEKRA.
Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Kwararren na iya dagewa akan shigar da ingantaccen dakatarwa akan gatari na baya . Don tantance wannan, ana duba jirgin kasan hanyar ta hanyar auna tazarar da ke tsakanin tirela da kasa.

Kamata yayi ta shiga 350-420 mm . Bugu da kari, dole ne a samar da ƙarin lodi na tarakta. Ana cire kayan da aka halatta daga matsakaicin ƙarin abin da aka halatta.

2.2 Wuraren tawul na musamman don tirelolin keke

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Akwai wani bambanci tsakanin samuwan tirela hitches .

  • Wasu hitches na tirela ba a tsara su don ainihin tirela ba, amma don sufurin keke .
  • A cikin hali na tirela mai tsinke ba tare da alamar CE ba za ku iya samun rikodin yin amfani da tirela na keke akan takaddun rajistarku.
  • Masu kera suna bayarwa masu arha don tirela, musamman dacewa da tirela na keke.

3. Na'urorin fasaha na towbar

Don nau'ikan fasaha na towbars, akwai:

- m ja ƙugiya
- m ja ƙugiya
- ƙugiya mai juyawa

3.1 Matsakaicin towbars

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Ƙunƙun ƙugiya masu tsayi yawanci mafi arha kuma suna da ƙarfin lodi mafi girma. . Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin arha mai tsada da tsadar tirela hitches sau da yawa ba zai yiwu a gane a kallon farko ba.Difference a farashin ya dogara da ingancin ƙarfe na ƙarfe da aka yi amfani da shi, amma musamman akan kariyar lalata. A wannan batun, masana'antun daban-daban suna yin zaɓi daban-daban.

3.2 Towbars masu cirewa

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

ƙugiya masu cirewa sun zama ruwan dare gama gari. Sun bar ka ka cire kan ka yin towbar kusan ganuwa .

Dangane da nau'in gini Za a iya ganin ɓangaren ƙugiya mai ƙugiya a ƙarƙashin ƙugiya. ƙugiya masu cirewa an saka shi a tsaye ko a kwance .

  • Tsaye mai iya cirewa na'urorin yawanci suna ɓoye ne a bayan bumper.
  • Sauran an saka su a cikin bayanan murabba'i a ƙarƙashin ƙorafi kuma an kiyaye su.

Tukwici don ƙugiya masu cirewa: Ba kowa ne ya zaɓi ya cire abin da aka ɗaure ba . Tare da ƴan kaɗan, doka ba ta buƙatar cire ƙugiya a lokacin da ba a yi amfani da ita ba.

Duk da haka , wannan yanki ne mai launin toka na shari'a saboda babu wasu abubuwan da suka gabata na doka ya zuwa yanzu. Barin tirelar takure a wurin yana ƙara haɗarin haɗari da girman lalacewa. Yin karo da wata abin hawa yayin juyawa, ko kuma idan abin hawa ya yi karo da bayan abin hawan ku, tirelar tatsin tirelar na iya haifar da ƙarin lalacewa. .

3.3 Rotary towbars

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Ƙunƙarar ƙugiya masu jujjuyawa suna jujjuya ƙasa kuma ba a gani. Wannan tsarin sabon abu ne. Ya zuwa yanzu dai bai iya tabbatar da kansa ba.

3.4 Ƙarin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan aikin wayoyi

Nau'in kayan wayoyi ya dogara da abin hawa . Bambanci shine tsakanin tsofaffin samfura tare da wayoyi na gargajiya da motoci masu tsarin dijital.

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual


Na karshen yana da CAN bas tsarin , i.e. kebul na waya biyu wanda ke sarrafa duk ayyuka. Yawancin bambance-bambance sun taso tsakanin Tsarin bas na CAN , dangane da kerawa ko samfurin motar.

Motoci masu CAN galibi suna sanye da wayoyi masu ja . Wasu motocin suna buƙatar kunna na'urar sarrafawa bayan haɗa tsarin sarrafa tirela da igiyoyinsa. Ana iya yin wannan ta wurin bita mai izini na masana'anta. Yana iya zama dole don haɗa iko don kashe taimakon filin ajiye motoci.

A cikin tsofaffin motoci tare da sauƙaƙan wayoyi, lokacin ƙara kayan wayoyi, siginar siginar mai walƙiya da fitilar gargaɗin tirela dole ne a sake gyara su. Sau da yawa, ana haɗa wayoyi tare da waɗannan abubuwan.

3.5 Zaɓi soket ɗin da ya dace: 7-pin ko 13-pin

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Bugu da ƙari , za ku iya yin oda iri ɗaya kayan aikin wayoyi masu haɗin 7-pin ko 13-pin . Ƙarin haɗin kai yana da mahimmanci ga wasu tireloli irin su ayari. Baya ga wayoyi, ana iya sanye su da tabbataccen tabbataccen halin yanzu da caji ( misali lokacin shigar da batura masu caji ).

Tireloli masu sauƙi kawai sun dace da filogin 7-pin ba tare da ƙarin fasali ba .

Tun da buƙatun na iya canzawa kuma bambancin farashin ba shi da komai, gabaɗaya muna ba da shawarar kit ɗin wayoyi tare da soket ɗin fil 13 . Yin amfani da adafta, ana iya haɗa soket ɗin mota mai fil 13 zuwa filogin tirela mai 7-pin.

4. Shigar da katako

4.1 Shigar da wayoyi

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Ziyartar garejin ƙwararru na iya zama da amfani, musamman ga kit ɗin wayoyi. Ga bas ɗin CAN musamman, haɗin da ba daidai ba zai iya haifar da lalacewa mai tsanani da tsada. In ba haka ba masu haɗin 7-pin masu sauƙi yawanci ana haɗawa da wayar wuta ta baya ( siginar juyi, hasken birki, hasken wutsiya, hasken hazo na baya da kuma juyawa haske ).

Kayan shigarwa yakamata ya ƙunshi babban littafin shigarwa tare da cikakken zanen lantarki.

4.2 Shigar da mashaya

Ana haɗa umarnin shigarwa tare da kowane babban ingancin tirela .

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Duk da haka, shigarwa yana da sauƙi.
– Ana ba da shawarar ɗaga mota ko ramin gyara. Lokacin amfani da jacks, dole ne a gyara motar tare da matakan axle.

Sake gyare-gyaren katako tare da kayan wayoyi - manual

Yanzu shigarwa yana da sauƙi.
– Ana yin tukwane a ƙarƙashin mota. An shirya wuraren haɗin kai ta hanyar da madaidaicin ramukan hakowa sun riga sun kasance a wurin.

– Suna located a kan tushe firam ko kasa ƙarfafawa.

– Don motocin da ba su kan hanya da kuma ababen hawan da ke da firam ɗin tsani, ana shigar da firam ɗin tirela ne kawai tsakanin firam ɗin tsani kuma a dunƙule sosai.

- Duk sauran motocin sun riga sun sami ramukan hakowa, saboda ana iya yin odar waɗannan motocin tare da mashaya.

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