Camshaft matsayi firikwensin

Injin zamani suna da ƙira mai sarƙaƙƙiya kuma ana sarrafa su ta na'urar sarrafa lantarki bisa siginar firikwensin. Kowane firikwensin yana lura da wasu sigogi waɗanda ke nuna aikin injin a halin yanzu kuma yana watsa bayanai zuwa kwamfutar. A cikin wannan labarin za mu dubi ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin sarrafa injin: camshaft position sensor (CPS).

Menene DPRV

Gajartawar DPRV tana nufin firikwensin matsayi na camshaft. Sauran sunaye: Hall firikwensin, firikwensin lokaci ko CMP (taƙaice a Turanci). Daga sunan ya bayyana a fili cewa yana da hannu a cikin aikin aikin rarraba iskar gas. Fiye da daidai, dangane da bayanansa, tsarin yana ƙididdige lokacin da ya dace na allurar man fetur da ƙonewa.

Wannan firikwensin yana amfani da wutar lantarki na tunani (samarwa) na 5 volts, kuma babban abin da ke tattare da shi shine Halal. Ita kanta ba ta ƙayyade lokacin allura ko kunnawa ba, amma kawai tana watsa bayanai game da lokacin da piston ya kai TDC na farko na Silinda. Dangane da waɗannan bayanan, ana ƙididdige lokaci da tsawon lokacin allurar.

A cikin aikinsa, DPRV yana da alaƙa da aiki tare da firikwensin matsayi na crankshaft (CPS), wanda kuma ke da alhakin daidaitaccen aiki na tsarin kunnawa. Idan saboda wasu dalilai na'urar firikwensin camshaft ta kasa, za a yi la'akari da manyan bayanai daga firikwensin crankshaft. Sigina daga DPKV shine mafi mahimmanci a cikin aikin kunnawa da tsarin allura; ba tare da shi ba, injin kawai ba zai fara ba.

Ana amfani da DPRV a cikin duk injunan zamani, gami da injunan konewa na ciki tare da tsarin lokaci mai canzawa. An shigar a cikin shugaban Silinda dangane da ƙirar injin.

Kayan firikwensin matsayi na Camshaft

Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, firikwensin yana aiki akan tasirin Hall. An gano wannan tasirin a cikin karni na 19 ta masanin kimiyya na wannan sunan. Ya lura cewa idan an ratsa magudanar ruwa kai tsaye ta cikin faranti na bakin ciki da aka sanya a fagen aikin magnet na dindindin, to ana samun wani bambanci mai yuwuwa a sauran iyakarsa. Wato a karkashin tasirin Magnetic induction, wasu daga cikin electrons suna jujjuya su kuma suna samar da ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki (Hall voltage) akan sauran fuskokin farantin. Ana amfani dashi azaman sigina.

An tsara DPRV a daidai wannan hanya, kawai mafi ci gaba. Ya ƙunshi maganadisu na dindindin da semiconductor wanda ake haɗa lambobi huɗu zuwa gare shi. Ana ba da wutar lantarki ta sigina zuwa ƙaramin haɗaɗɗiyar kewayawa, inda ake sarrafa ta, kuma lambobin sadarwa na yau da kullun (biyu ko uku) suna fitowa daga jikin firikwensin. An yi jikin da filastik.

Yadda yake aiki

Ana shigar da faifan tuƙi ( wheel wheel) akan camshaft da ke gaban DPRV. Bi da bi, camshaft drive disk yana da na musamman hakora ko tsinkaya. A daidai lokacin da waɗannan tasirin suka wuce ta firikwensin, DPRV ta haifar da sigina na dijital na siffa ta musamman, yana nuna bugun fistan na yanzu a cikin silinda.

Ya fi daidai don la'akari da aikin firikwensin camshaft tare da aikin firikwensin camshaft. Ga kowane juyi guda biyu na crankshaft, akwai juyi ɗaya na mai rarrabawa. Wannan shine sirrin daidaita tsarin allura da kunna wuta. A wasu kalmomi, DPRV da DPKV suna nuna lokacin bugun bugun jini akan silinda ta farko.

Disk ɗin crankshaft ɗin yana da hakora 58 (60-2), wato, lokacin da sashin da ke da rata na hakora biyu ya ratsa ta cikin firikwensin crankshaft, tsarin yana kwatanta siginar da DPRV da DPKV kuma yana ƙayyade lokacin allurar akan silinda ta farko. . Bayan hakora 30 ana yin allurar, misali, a cikin silinda ta uku, sannan a cikin na hudu da na biyu. Wannan shine yadda aiki tare ke aiki. Duk waɗannan sigina ƙwanƙwasa ne waɗanda sashin sarrafawa ke karantawa. Ana iya ganin su a cikin nau'in igiyar ruwa kawai.

Alamar damuwa

Dole ne a faɗi nan da nan cewa idan na'urar firikwensin camshaft ba ta da kyau, injin zai ci gaba da aiki da farawa, amma tare da ɗan jinkiri.

Alamomi masu zuwa na iya nuna rashin aiki na DPRV:

• ƙara yawan man fetur saboda tsarin allura ba a daidaita shi ba;
• motar ta yi tsalle kuma ta yi hasarar gudu;
• akwai hasarar wutar lantarki mai ban mamaki, motar ba za ta iya hanzarta ba;
• injin ba ya farawa nan da nan, amma tare da jinkiri na 2-3 seconds ko tsayawa;
• Tsarin ƙonewa yana ɓarna, ɓarna;
• kwamfutar da ke ciki ta nuna kuskure, Injin Bincike ya haskaka.

Waɗannan alamun na iya nuna rashin aiki na bawul ɗin sarrafa matsa lamba, amma kuma suna iya nuna wasu matsaloli. Wajibi ne a yi bincike a cibiyar sabis ko amfani da na'urar daukar hoto ta musamman. Misali, na'urar ta duniya Rokodil ScanX.

Kurakurai P0340 - P0344, P0365 suna nuna rashin aiki ko karya a cikin wayoyi na DPRV.

Daga cikin dalilan gazawar DPRV akwai kamar haka:

• matsaloli tare da lambobin sadarwa da wayoyi;
• na iya zama tsinkewa ko lanƙwasa faifan faifan, don haka firikwensin yana karanta bayanan da ba daidai ba;
• lalacewar firikwensin kansa.

Da kanta, wannan ƙaramar na'urar ba ta cika kasawa ba.

Hanyar Tabbatarwa

Kamar kowane firikwensin tasirin Hall, ba za a iya bincika DPRV ta hanyar auna ƙarfin lantarki a lambobi tare da multimeter ("gwajin ci gaba"). Kuna iya samun cikakken hoto na aikinku kawai ta duba shi tare da oscilloscope. Pulses da tsoma gaba za su kasance a bayyane akan oscillogram. Karatun bayanai daga tsarin igiyar ruwa shima yana buƙatar wasu ilimi da gogewa. Kwararren gwani na iya yin hakan a tashar sabis ko cibiyar sabis.

Ana iya ganin siginar firikwensin akan oscillogram

Idan an gano rashin aiki, ana maye gurbin firikwensin da sabo; ba a samar da gyara ba.

DPRV tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin kunnawa da tsarin allura. Rashinsa yana haifar da matsaloli a cikin aikin injin. Idan an gano alamun bayyanar cututtuka, yana da kyau a sha magani daga kwararrun kwararru.