Sensor ZMZ 406

Kwararrun direbobin sun tuna da yadda wani Zhiguli ya fashe lokacin da yake ƙara man fetur mara kyau ko mara ƙarfi. Kwankwasa inji yana faruwa lokacin da injin ya tsaya. Na ɗan lokaci bayan kashe wutan, yana ci gaba da juyawa ba daidai ba, "twitches".

Lokacin tuƙi a kan ƙananan ƙarancin mai, kamar yadda direbobi ke faɗi, yana iya "ƙwanƙwasa yatsu". Wannan kuma shine bayyanar tasirin fashewar. A gaskiya ma, wannan yana da nisa daga tasiri mara lahani. Lokacin da aka fallasa shi, babban nauyin pistons, bawuloli, shugaban Silinda da injin gabaɗaya suna faruwa. A cikin motocin zamani, ana amfani da firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa (DD) a cikin tsarin sarrafawa don hana bugun inji).

Menene fashewa

Kwankwasa inji shine tsarin kunna kai na cakuda man fetur da iska ba tare da sa hannun tartsatsin wuta ba.

A ka'ida, idan matsa lamba a cikin silinda ya wuce iyakar da aka yarda da ita don cakuda man fetur na wani lamba octane, kunna kai yana faruwa. Ƙananan adadin octane na man fetur, ƙananan ma'auni a cikin wannan tsari.

Lokacin da injin ya tashi, tsarin kunna kansa yana da rudani, babu wata hanyar kunnawa:

Idan muka gina dogaro da matsa lamba a cikin Silinda akan kusurwar kunnawa, to zai yi kama da haka:

Jadawalin ya nuna cewa yayin fashewar, matsakaicin matsa lamba a cikin Silinda kusan sau biyu mafi girman matsa lamba yayin konewa na al'ada. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan na iya haifar da gazawar injin, ko da mai tsanani kamar shingen fashe.

Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da tasirin fashewa:

• ba daidai ba lambar octane na man fetur da aka cika;
• fasalulluka na ƙira na injin konewa na ciki (raɗin matsawa, siffar piston, halayen ɗakin konewa, da sauransu) suna ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar yiwuwar wannan tasirin;
• halaye na aikin naúrar wutar lantarki (zazzabi na yanayi, ingancin mai, yanayin kyandir, kaya, da sauransu).

Manufar

Babban makasudin na'urar firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa ita ce gano faruwar wannan cutarwa cikin lokaci tare da isar da bayanai zuwa na'urar sarrafa injin lantarki don daidaita ingancin cakuda gas da iska da kusurwar kunnawa don guje wa bugun injin mai haɗari.

Ana yin rajistar gaskiyar wannan tasirin ta hanyar canza girgizar injin injin zuwa siginar lantarki.

Yadda yake aiki

Ka'idar aiki na kusan dukkanin firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa yana dogara ne akan amfani da tasirin piezoelectric. Tasirin piezoelectric shine ikon wasu kayan don samar da yuwuwar bambance-bambance a ƙarƙashin damuwa na inji.

Yawancin maza sun yi amfani da fitilun wutan lantarki kuma sun san suna haifar da tartsatsi mai tsanani. Wadannan high voltages ba sa faruwa a ƙwanƙwasa firikwensin, amma siginar da aka karɓa a wannan yanayin ya isa ga na'ura mai sarrafa injin.

Ana amfani da nau'ikan firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa iri biyu: resonant da broadband.

Tsarin Broadband DD da aka yi amfani da shi akan VAZ da sauran motocin da aka yi daga waje:

Ana ɗora firikwensin faɗaɗa akan tubalin silinda kusa da yankin konewa. Tallafin yana da tsattsauran hali don kada ya datse abubuwan girgiza a yayin da injin konewa na ciki ya yi rauni.

Ƙaƙƙarfan ji na piezoceramic yana haifar da motsin wutar lantarki na isassun girman girman aiki don sarrafawa ta sashin sarrafa injin a cikin kewayon mitar mai faɗi.

Na'urar firikwensin watsa shirye-shiryen suna samar da sigina, duka lokacin da wutan ya kashe tare da tsayawar injin a ƙananan gudu, da kuma cikin manyan gudu yayin tuƙi.

Wasu motocin, kamar Toyota, suna amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin:

Irin waɗannan DDs suna aiki a ƙananan saurin injin, wanda, saboda abin da ya faru na resonance, an sami sakamako mafi girma na injiniya akan farantin piezoelectric, bi da bi, an kafa sigina mai girma. Ba daidaituwa ba ne an shigar da resistor shunt mai kariya akan waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin.

Fa'idar na'urori masu auna firikwensin shine tace tasirin injina yayin tuki akan muggan hanyoyi, firgita na inji waɗanda basu da alaƙa da fashewar inji.

Ana shigar da nau'in resonant na DD akan haɗin da aka zaren nasu, suna kama da na'urori masu auna karfin mai a cikin siffar.

Knock Sensor Malfunction Symptoms

Babban alamar da ke nuna rashin aiki na firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa shine bayyanar da tasirin injin injin da aka kwatanta a sama.

A yawancin lokuta, wannan na iya zama sanadin lalata injin na'urar firikwensin, musamman, a lokacin tasiri yayin haɗari, ko shigar da danshi a cikin mai haɗawa ko ta hanyar fashewa a yankin na firikwensin piezoelectric.

Idan DD ya fara rushewa ta hanyar injiniya, yayin motsi, ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki a tashoshi na iya canzawa sosai. Naúrar sarrafa injin za ta mayar da martani ga tashin wuta kamar yuwuwar fashewa.

Tare da daidaitawar kwanar kunnawa ba tare da bata lokaci ba, injin yana farawa, saurin yana iyo. Hakanan tasirin zai iya faruwa idan hawan firikwensin ya kasance sako-sako.

Yadda ake duba firikwensin bugun

Binciken na'urar kwamfuta ba koyaushe yana gyara rashin aiki na firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa ba. Binciken injin yana faruwa ne a yanayin tsaye a tashar sabis, kuma ƙwanƙwasawa ya fi fitowa fili lokacin da motar ke motsawa tare da ƙarin lodi (a cikin manyan kayan aiki) ko kuma a halin yanzu an kashe wutar, lokacin da gwajin kwamfuta ba zai yiwu ba.

Ba tare da cirewa daga motar ba

Akwai hanya don bincikar firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa ba tare da cire shi daga inda ya saba ba. Don yin wannan, fara da dumama injin ɗin, sa'an nan kuma a cikin rashin aiki sai suka buga wani ƙaramin ƙarfe a kan na'urar hawan firikwensin. Idan an sami canjin saurin injin (canza saurin), to DD yana aiki.

Multimeter

Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don bincika aikin ita ce tarwatsa firikwensin, cire haɗin haɗin haɗin, haɗa multimeter zuwa tashoshi a matsayin ma'aunin ƙarfin lantarki na 2 volts.

Sannan kana bukatar ka buge shi da karfe. Ya kamata karatun multimeter ya karu daga 0 zuwa dubun millivolts da yawa (yana da kyau a duba girman bugun jini daga littafin tunani). A kowane hali, idan ƙarfin lantarki ya tashi lokacin da aka taɓa, firikwensin ba zai iya karyewa ta hanyar lantarki.

Hakanan yana da kyau a haɗa oscilloscope maimakon multimeter, sannan zaku iya ƙayyade daidai ko da siffar siginar fitarwa. An fi yin wannan gwajin a tashar sabis.

Sauyawa

A yayin da akwai tuhuma na rashin aiki na firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa, ya kamata a canza shi. Gabaɗaya, ba kasafai suke kasawa ba kuma suna da dogon albarkatu, galibi suna ƙetare albarkatun injin. A mafi yawan lokuta, rashin aiki yana samuwa ne sakamakon haɗari ko tarwatsa na'urar wutar lantarki yayin wani babban gyara.

Ka'idar aiki na firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa iri ɗaya ne ga kowane nau'in (resonant da broadband). Saboda haka, wani lokacin zaka iya amfani da na'ura daga wasu nau'ikan injin idan babu ɗan ƙasa. Tabbas, idan ya dace da bayanan saukarwa da mai haɗawa. An ba da izinin shigar da DD wanda ke aiki daga wanda aka cire.

Tips

Wasu masu motoci suna manta game da DD, tun da yake yana da wuya ya tuna da wanzuwarsa, kuma matsalolinsa ba su haifar da irin wannan sakamako ba, alal misali, na'urar firikwensin matsayi na crankshaft.

Koyaya, sakamakon rashin aiki na wannan na'urar na iya zama matsala mafi girma tare da injin. Don haka, lokacin aiki da abin hawa, tabbatar cewa firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa:

• an kiyaye shi sosai;
• babu wani ruwa mai mai a jikinsa;
• Babu alamun lalata akan mahaɗin.

Yadda za a duba DTOZH tare da multimeter da abin da nuances ya fi kyau a sani.

Bidiyo: ina ne firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa ZAZ Lanos, Chance, Chery da yadda ake duba shi tare da multimeter, kuma ba tare da cire shi daga motar ba:

Zai iya zama abin sha'awa:

Ina jin tsoron cewa bayan hadarin, ba kowa ba ne zai tuna da wannan firikwensin, za a sami wasu matsaloli da yawa. Amma ban san mai da zai iya lalata shi ba, ina buƙatar ganin yadda yake ji a cikin motata. Babu alamun lalacewa har yanzu, injin yana aiki lafiya, amma wa ya sani. Amma game da fashewa a Zhiguli, ya bayyana a kan duk tsofaffin motoci daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, wani abu mai ban tsoro, ina gaya muku, idan ba su fitar da tsofaffin injunan carburetor ba. Motar ta riga ta hau harbawa, ka ga yanzu wani abu zai fado.

Na kuma sami matsala da wannan firikwensin. Dynamics ba iri ɗaya bane, ɗan ƙara yawan amfani. A ƙarshe, lokacin da aka gano cewa abubuwa ba daidai ba ne tare da wannan firikwensin, ba za a iya canza shi kawai ba, saboda 1 cikin 10 irin waɗannan na'urori suna aiki a VAZ. Wato, kuna buƙatar zuwa siyayya tare da mai gwadawa kuma ku duba kowane sabon firikwensin

Maganar gaskiya ban taba jin wannan na’urar tantancewa ta gaza a kan motocin zamani ba. A cikin FF2 tsawon shekaru 9 ba a taɓa rushe su ba. Na san ainihin abin da yake (akwai biyar a ƙarshen 90s). Gabaɗaya, fitar da man fetur da aka ƙayyade kuma kada ku nemi tanadi, zai fi tsada.

Daga gwaninta na sarrafa mota, na san tabbas cewa firikwensin bugun mota da wuya ya gaza. A cikin rayuwata dole ne in yi amfani da, na dogon lokaci, irin motocin gida kamar: Moskvich-2141, tare da injin Zhiguli mai ƙafa shida (kimanin shekaru 7); Zhiguli -2107 (kimanin shekaru 7); Lada goma (kimanin shekaru 6), a jimlace kusan shekaru ashirin na gwaninta wajen sarrafa wadannan motoci, na’urar firikwensin matsa lamba bai taba kasawa ba. Amma fashe-fashe a cikin injinan wadannan motoci ya zama dole fiye da sau daya. Musamman a cikin shekaru casa’in, ingancin man fetur da ake zubawa a motoci a gidajen mai ya yi muni. Mai ba da man fetur 92 ya kasance sau da yawa yana cika da fetur mafi ƙanƙanta lambar octane, rashin daidaituwa, tare da kasancewar ruwa ko wasu ruwaye. Bayan irin wannan man, sai yatsun injin suka fara bugawa, kuma lokacin da kaya ya karu, sai ga alama suna so su yi tsalle daga motar gudu.

Idan kuma fetur din yana da ruwa, to dole ne injin ya yi atishawa na dogon lokaci. Wani lokaci, kamar yadda direbobi suke gani, don adanawa akan siyan mai, an zuba man fetur mafi ƙarancin inganci fiye da yadda masu kera motoci suka tsara a cikin tanki. A lokaci guda kuma, kuna kashe motar, kashe wutan, injin yana ci gaba da girgiza, wani lokacin kuma yana da alamun pops a cikin lafazin, kamar an saita wutar ba daidai ba, sai injin ya daɗe yana yin atishawa. lokaci. Wani lokaci, kamar yadda direbobi suke gani, don adanawa akan siyan mai, an zuba man fetur mafi ƙarancin inganci fiye da yadda masu kera motoci suka tsara a cikin tanki. A lokaci guda kuma, kuna kashe motar, kashe wutan, injin yana ci gaba da girgiza, wani lokacin kuma yana da alamun pops a cikin lafazin, kamar an saita wutar ba daidai ba, sai injin ya daɗe yana yin atishawa. lokaci. Wani lokaci, kamar yadda direbobi suke gani, don adanawa akan siyan mai, an zuba man fetur mafi ƙarancin inganci fiye da yadda masu kera motoci suka tsara a cikin tanki. A lokaci guda kuma, kuna kashe motar, kashe wutan, kuma injin yana ci gaba da girgiza mummuna, wani lokacin kuma tare da halayen halayen su a cikin muffler, kamar an saita wutar ba daidai ba.

Tabbas, tare da irin waɗannan alamun, injin ya lalace.

Na ci karo da firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa lokacin da na kasa tashi daga hasken zirga-zirga wata rana. Injin ya fashe cikin mugun yanayi. Ko ta yaya ya shiga sabis ɗin. Sun bincika komai har ma sun maye gurbin firikwensin, tasirin iri ɗaya ne. Sannan na fara ci karo da wata na'urar da ke yin bincike kan man fetur. A lokacin ne mutanen suka nuna mini cewa maimakon 95 ba ni da ma 92, amma ina son 80. Don haka kafin ka yi hulɗa da firikwensin, duba gas.

Shekaru nawa nake tuka mota da tuki tun 1992? Wannan shine karo na farko da na ji labarin wannan firikwensin, abin kunyata. Taso a ƙarƙashin murfin, samo, duba, kamar yadda yake a wurinsa. Ban taba samun matsala da firikwensin ba.

Duba firikwensin ƙwanƙwasa

Kashe wuta kuma cire mummunan tashar baturi.

Yin amfani da maɓallin "13", muna kwance goro wanda ke tabbatar da firikwensin zuwa bangon shingen Silinda (don a bayyane, an cire nau'in abin sha).

Cire shirin bazara a kan toshe tare da screwdriver na bakin ciki, cire haɗin toshewar waya daga firikwensin.

Muna haɗa na'urar voltmeter zuwa tashoshi na firikwensin kuma, da sauƙi ta danna jikin firikwensin tare da wani abu mai ƙarfi, muna lura da canjin wutar lantarki.

Rashin ƙarfin bugun jini yana nuna rashin aiki na firikwensin.

Yana yiwuwa a bincika cikakken firikwensin don rashin aiki kawai akan goyan bayan girgiza na musamman

Shigar da firikwensin a tsarin baya.