Menene injin motar mota?

Injin turbo

Injin Turbo. Ayyukan haɓaka ƙarfin injin da juzu'i ya kasance koyaushe. Ƙarfin injin yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da ƙaurawar silinda da adadin cakuda iskar man da aka kawo musu. Wato, yawan man fetur yana ƙonewa a cikin silinda, yawancin wutar lantarki yana haɓaka ta hanyar wutar lantarki. Koyaya, mafita mafi sauƙi shine ƙara ƙarfin injin. Haɓakawa a cikin ƙarar aikin sa yana haifar da karuwa a cikin girma da nauyin tsarin. Ana iya ƙara adadin cakuda aikin da aka kawo ta ƙara saurin juyawa na crankshaft. A wasu kalmomi, aiwatar da ƙarin zagayowar aiki a cikin silinda a kowace naúrar lokaci. Amma za a sami matsaloli masu tsanani waɗanda ke da alaƙa da haɓakar ƙarfin inertia da haɓakar haɓakar kayan aikin injiniya akan sassan sashin wutar lantarki, wanda zai haifar da raguwar rayuwar injin.

Ingancin injin Turbo

Hanya mafi inganci a cikin wannan halin shine ƙarfi. Tunanin yawan bugun injin ƙone ciki. Injin, yayin aiki a matsayin famfo, shima bashi da inganci. Bututun iska yana da matatar iska, lankwasawar abubuwa da yawa, da injunan mai suma suna da bawul din maƙura. Duk wannan, ba shakka, yana rage cika silinda. Don daɗa matsa lamba zuwa gefen bawul ɗin cin abinci, za a sanya ƙarin iska a cikin silinda. Satar mai yana inganta sabon caji a cikin silindawan, wanda ke basu damar ƙona ƙarin mai a cikin silinda kuma ta haka suna samun ƙarin ƙarfin injin. Ana amfani da nau'ikan haɓaka iri uku a cikin injin ƙonewa na ciki. Resonance wanda ke amfani da kuzarin kuzari na yawan iska a cikin kayan masarufi da yawa. A wannan yanayin, ba a buƙatar ƙarin caji / haɓakawa ba. Injin, a cikin wannan sigar ana amfani da bel na motar.

Gas injin injin turbin ko injin turbo

Gas turbine ko turbocharger, turbine yana gudana ta hanyar kwararar iskar gas. Kowace hanya tana da nasa fa'idodi da rashin amfani, waɗanda ke ƙayyade fagen aikace-aikacen. Na'urar cin abinci da yawa. Don ƙarin cikewar silinda, dole ne a ƙara matsa lamba a gaban bawul ɗin cin abinci. A halin yanzu, ba a buƙatar ƙara matsa lamba gaba ɗaya. Ya isa a ɗaga ta a lokacin rufe bawul ɗin kuma ɗora ƙarin sashin iska a cikin silinda. Don haɓakar matsin lamba na gajeren lokaci, matsi na matsi wanda ke tafiya tare da kayan masarufi da yawa lokacin da injin ke aiki shine manufa. Ya isa yin lissafin tsayin bututun da kansa don kada igiyar ruwa ta bayyana sau da yawa daga ƙarshenta ya isa bawul a lokacin da ya dace. Ka'idar tana da sauki, amma aiwatar da ita na bukatar dabaru da yawa. Bawul din baya budewa a hanzarin crankshaft daban saboda haka yayi amfani da tasirin kara karfi.

Injin Turbo - ƙarfi mai ƙarfi

Tare da ɗan gajeren abinci mai yawa, injin yana aiki mafi kyau a babban dubawa. Ganin cewa a ƙananan hanzari, hanyar tsotsa mai tsayi ta fi inganci. Za'a iya ƙirƙirar bututu mai canzawa mai tsayi ta hanyoyi biyu. Ko dai ta haɗa ɗakin tsawa, ko ta sauyawa zuwa tashar shigar da buƙata ko haɗa shi. Latterarshen kuma ana kiransa ƙarfin ƙarfi. Arfafawa da matsin lamba na iya haɓaka kwararar hasumiyar karɓar iska. Tasirin fadadawa sakamakon sauyin yanayi a cikin matsin lamba daga iska zuwa 5 zuwa 20 mbar. Ta hanyar kwatankwacin, tare da turbocharger ko haɓakar inji, zaku iya samun ƙimomi a cikin zangon 750 zuwa 1200 na mbar. Don kammala hoton, lura cewa har yanzu akwai mai kara haske mai aiki. A cikin abin da babban abin da ke haifar da matsin lamba mai wucewa na bawul din shine babban matsin lamba na gudana a cikin bututun mashiga.

Theara ƙarfin injin turbo

Wannan yana ba da ɗan ƙara ƙarfi a cikin sauri a cikin saurin sama da kilomita 140 a awa ɗaya. Mafi yawa ana amfani dashi akan babura. Filayen injina yana ba da hanya mai sauƙi don ƙara ƙarfin injin. Ta hanyar tuka injin kai tsaye daga crankshaft na injin, kwampreso yana da ikon yin iska a cikin silinda ba tare da bata lokaci ba a mafi saurin gudu, yana kara karfin matsin lamba daidai gwargwadon saurin injin. Amma kuma suna da rashin amfani. Suna rage ingancin injin ƙone ciki. Domin ana amfani da wasu daga cikin wutar da ake samarwa ta hanyar tuka su. Tsarin matsi na injina yana ɗaukar sarari da yawa kuma yana buƙatar mai aiwatarwa na musamman. Belin lokaci ko gearbox yana ta da amo. Injin mai inji. Akwai masu busa inji iri biyu. Mizani da kuma centrifugal. Filwararrun filan wasa masu yawa sune Tushen supergenerators da Lysholm compressor. Tsarin Tushen yayi kama da famfo ɗin mai.

Ayyukan injunan Turbo

Bambance-bambancen wannan zane shine cewa ba a matsa iska ba a cikin supercharger, amma a waje a cikin bututun, shiga cikin sarari tsakanin gidaje da rotors. Babban hasara shine iyakataccen adadin riba. Komai yadda aka saita sassan filler daidai, lokacin da aka kai wani matsa lamba, iska ta fara komawa baya, rage ingantaccen tsarin. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don faɗa. Ƙara saurin rotor ko sanya supercharger matakai biyu ko ma uku. Don haka, yana yiwuwa a ƙara ƙimar ƙarshe zuwa matakin da aka yarda, amma ƙirar matakai da yawa ba su da babban fa'idar su - ƙaranci. Wani rashin lahani kuma shine rashin daidaituwa na fitar da fita, kamar yadda ake samar da iskar cikin sassa. Zane-zane na zamani suna amfani da hanyoyin jujjuyawar alwatika, kuma tagogin shiga da fita suna da siffa uku-uku. Godiya ga waɗannan fasahohin, manyan manyan caja a zahiri sun kawar da tasirin bugun jini.

Shigar da injin Turbo

Ƙananan rotor da sauri kuma saboda haka dorewa, haɗe da ƙananan matakan amo, sun haifar da sanannun samfura kamar DaimlerChrysler, Ford da General Motors suna ba da kayansu da karimci. Superchargers masu ƙaura suna ƙara ƙarfi da lanƙwasa masu ƙarfi ba tare da canza fasalin su ba. Sun riga sun yi tasiri a ƙananan zuwa matsakaicin gudu kuma wannan mafi kyawun yana nuna ƙarfin hanzari. Matsalar kawai ita ce, irin waɗannan tsarukan suna da ƙima don ƙira da girkawa, wanda ke nufin suna da tsada sosai. Wata hanyar da za a iya ƙara ƙarfin iska a lokaci guda a cikin kayan abinci mai yawa injiniya Lisholm ya ba da shawarar. Zane -zanen kayan Lysholm yana ɗan tuno da injin nama na al'ada. An saka ƙarin famfuna guda biyu a cikin gidan. Suna juyawa ta fuskoki daban -daban, suna kama wani sashi na iska, matsa shi kuma sanya shi cikin silinda.

Injin Turbo - kunnawa

Wannan tsarin yana tattare da matsi na ciki da rashi kaɗan saboda daidaitattun ƙididdiga. Kari akan haka, matsin na’urar yana da tasiri kusan kusan dukkanin saurin injin. Natsattse, mai karami sosai, amma tsada sosai saboda ƙirar masana'antu. Koyaya, ba irin waɗannan sanannun ɗakunan tunatarwa kamar su AMG ko Kleemann ne ke watsi dasu. Filwararrun matatun tsakiya suna kama da zane a cikin turbochargers. Matsi mai yawa a cikin kayan abinci mai yawa yana haifar da ƙirar kwampreso. Hanyoyin ruwan radiyonta suna kamawa da tura iska a kusa da ramin ta amfani da ƙarfin centrifugal. Bambanci daga turbocharger kawai yana cikin tuki. Masu busa tsakiya suna da kamanceceniya, kodayake ba a san da su ba, nakasar aiki. Amma akwai wata alama mafi mahimmanci. A zahiri, matsin da aka samar yana dacewa da saurin murabba'in dabaran compressor.

Injin Turbo

A sauƙaƙe, dole ne ya juya da sauri sosai don ɗora cajin da ake buƙata na iska cikin silinda. Wani lokaci sau goma injin yayi sauri. Ingantaccen centrifugal fan a babban gudu. Centan injuna na zamani ba su da sauƙin amfani da masu amfani kuma sun fi karko fiye da na gas. Saboda suna aiki a yanayin ƙananan yanayi. Sauƙi kuma, bisa ga haka, ƙarancin kuɗin ƙirar su sun sami shahara a fagen kunna mai son. Injin mai shiga tsakani. Hanyar sarrafa iko fiye da kima tana da sauki. A cikakkun kaya, murfin kewaya yana rufe kuma shaƙewa a buɗe take. Duk iska tana zuwa injin. A yayin aiki na ɗaukar kaya, bawul din motsawa yana rufewa kuma bututun yana buɗewa. An dawo da iska mai wucewa zuwa mashigar abun hurawa. Jirgin sanyaya mai sanyaya mai sanyaya abu ne mai matukar muhimmanci ba kawai inji ba, har ma da tsarin kara turbine.

Ayyukan injin turbo

An riga an sanyaya iska mai matsewa a cikin wani abu mai sanyi kafin a ciyar da shi cikin silinda masu inji. Ta tsarinta, wannan shine radiator na al'ada, wanda ake sanyaya ko dai ta hanyar yawan shan iska ko kuma mai sanyaya. Rage zafin jiki na iska mai caji da digiri 10 yana ba da damar ƙara ƙarfinsa da kusan 3%. Wannan, bi da bi, yana ba da damar ƙaruwa da ƙarfin injiniya da kusan kashi ɗaya. Injin Turbocharger. Ana amfani da turbochargers a cikin injunan motar zamani. A zahiri, wannan shine kwampreso ɗaya na centrifugal, amma tare da keɓaɓɓiyar kewaya kewaye. Wannan shine mafi mahimmanci, watakila mahimmancin bambanci tsakanin manyan injiniyoyi da turbocharging. Sarkar tuki ce wacce ta fi ƙayyade halaye da aikace-aikace na zane daban-daban.

Amfanin injin Turbo

Don turbocharger, impeller yana kan madaidaiciyar shaft kamar impeller, injin turbin. Wanne an gina shi a cikin matattarar sharar injin da iska ke fitarwa ta hanyar iskar gas. Saurin zai iya wuce 200 rpm. Babu hanyar haɗi kai tsaye zuwa ga crankshaft na injin kuma isar da iska yana sarrafawa ta ƙarancin gas mai ƙarewa. Fa'idodin turbocharger sun haɗa da. Inganta ingancin injiniya da tattalin arziki. Mota na inji yana karɓar wuta daga injin, iri ɗaya yana amfani da makamashi daga sharar, don haka ƙwarewar ta ƙaru. Kada ku dame takamaiman injina da ingancinsu gabaɗaya. A dabi'ance, aikin injiniya wanda ƙarfinsa ya karu saboda amfani da turbocharger yana buƙatar ƙarin mai fiye da irin wannan injin ɗin tare da ƙananan wuta tare da mai neman yanayi.

Enginearfin injin Turbo

A zahiri, an inganta cikan silinda tare da iska, kamar yadda muke tunawa, don ƙona ƙarin mai a cikinsu. Amma yawan juzu'i na mai a kowace naúrar wuta a kowace awa ga injin da ke dauke da kwayar mai a koyaushe yana ƙasa da na irin wannan ƙirar naúrar mai ƙarfi ba tare da haɓaka ba. Turbocharger yana baka damar cimma halaye da aka fayyace na ƙungiyar ƙarfin tare da ƙarami da nauyi. Fiye da batun yin amfani da injin da ake buƙata na ɗabi'a. Bugu da kari, injin turbo yana da mafi kyawun aikin muhalli. Matsin lamba a cikin ɗakin konewa yana haifar da raguwar yanayin zafin jiki kuma, sakamakon haka, zuwa rage samuwar nitrogen oxides. Lokacin sanya mai a cikin injunan mai, ana samun cikakkiyar ƙona mai, musamman ma a cikin yanayin wucin gadi. A cikin injunan dizal, ƙarin samar da iska yana ba ku damar tura iyakokin bayyanar hayaki, watau yaƙi fitarwa da ƙura barbashi.

Injin turbo mai Diesel

Diesels sun fi dacewa don haɓaka gaba ɗaya da kuma ɗarfafa kaya musamman. Ba kamar injunan mai ba, inda haɗarin bugawa ke iyakance tasirin haɗarin bugawa, ba su san da wannan lamarin ba. Injin dizal za a iya matse shi zuwa matsanancin matsin lamba na injina. Bugu da kari, rashin shan iska da kuma matsin lamba mai yawa na samar da matsin lamba na iska da kuma yanayin zafi idan aka kwatanta da injunan mai. Turbochargers sun fi sauƙin kerawa, wanda ke biyan lada tare da yawancin rashin dace. A ƙananan injina, yawan sharar iska ba shi da yawa, sabili da haka ƙimar kwampreso ba ta da ƙarfi. Bugu da kari, injin da ke cike da iska galibi yana da abin da ake kira Turboyama.

Yumbu karfe turbo rotor

Babban wahala shine yawan zafin jiki na iskar gas. Na'ura mai juyi juzu'i na karfe yana da kusan 20% haske fiye da waɗanda aka yi daga gami da ke jure zafi. Kuma yana da ɗan ƙaramin lokacin inertia. Har zuwa kwanan nan, rayuwar dukan na'urar ta iyakance ga rayuwar sansanin. Sun kasance da gaske crankshaft-kamar bushings waɗanda aka lubricated da matsi mai. Wurin irin wannan bikin na al'ada ya kasance, hakika, mai girma, amma bukatun zamani ba zai iya yin tsayayya da babban saurin aiki da kuma yanayin zafi ba. An samo maganin lokacin da zai yiwu a bunkasa bearings tare da kwallaye yumbura. Yin amfani da yumbu, duk da haka, ba abin mamaki bane, bearings suna cike da ci gaba da samar da man shafawa. Samun kawar da gazawar turbocharger yana ba da damar ba kawai don rage inertia na rotor ba. Amma kuma yin amfani da ƙarin, wani lokacin madaidaicin haɓaka hanyoyin sarrafa matsi.

Yadda injin turbo yake aiki

Babban ayyuka a wannan yanayin shine rage matsin lamba a cikin saurin injina da ƙara shi a ƙananan. Duk matsaloli za a iya warware su gaba daya tare da haɓakar geometry mai canzawa, turbine bututun ƙarfe mai sauyawa. Misali, tare da ruwan wukake masu motsi, za'a iya canza sigogin su akan fadi da fadi. Ka'idar aikin turbocharger ta VNT shine ta inganta kwararar iskar gas din da aka tura ga dabaran turbine. A ƙananan injina masu sauri da ƙananan ƙazanta, VNT turbocharger yana jagorantar ɗaukacin sharar zuwa dabaran turbin. Don haka, ƙara ƙarfinta da ƙara matsa lamba. A cikin sauri da sauri da iskar gas mai gudana, VNT turbocharger yana buɗe wukake masu motsi. Ara yanki-yanki da kuma fitar da wasu iskar gas daga iska.

Kariyar injin Turbo

Protectionarfafa kariya da haɓaka matsa lamba a matakin injin da ake buƙata, kawar da obalodi. Baya ga tsarin karawa guda daya, fadada matakan matakai iri daya ne. Mataki na farko, wanda ke motsa kwampreso, yana ba da ingantaccen haɓaka a ƙananan ƙananan injina. Na biyu kuma, turbocharger, yana amfani da makamashin iskar gas. Da zaran sashin wuta ya kai saurin isa ga aikin turbine na yau da kullun, kwampreso zai rufe kansa kai tsaye, kuma idan sun faɗi, zai sake farawa. Yawancin masana'antun sun girka turbochargers biyu a kan injin su lokaci ɗaya. Irin waɗannan tsarin ana kiran su biturbo ko twin-turbo. Babu wani bambanci na asali tsakanin su, tare da banda guda. Biturbo ya ɗauki amfani da turbines na diamita daban-daban, don haka aikin ke gudana. Bugu da kari, algorithm don hada su na iya zama a layi daya ko a jere.

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Menene turbocharging don? Ƙarfafa iska mai kyau a cikin silinda yana tabbatar da mafi kyawun konewa na cakuda man iska, wanda ke ƙara ƙarfin injin.

Menene injin turbocharged ke nufi? A cikin ƙirar irin wannan naúrar wutar lantarki, akwai wata hanyar da ke samar da ingantaccen iska mai kyau a cikin silinda. Don yin wannan, ana amfani da turbocharger ko turbine.

Yaya turbocharging ke aiki akan mota? Gas ɗin da suke shayewa suna jujjuya injin injin turbin. A ɗayan ƙarshen shaft ɗin, akwai matsi mai matsa lamba da aka sanya a cikin nau'in abin sha.