Menene SKD Screwdriver Assembly

Mazauna sun saba da gaskiyar cewa mai jigilar motoci na zamani ko dai ya tara sababbin motoci kai tsaye, ko kuma mutane su taimaka, suna mai da “kwarangwal” na jiki zuwa cikakkiyar mota. Akwai ra'ayi cewa taro na atomatik yana da inganci mafi kyau, saboda fasahohin zamani gaba ɗaya sun cire kurakurai yayin taron, maimakon batun ɗan adam (ba su jujjuya ba, sun manta da shigar da wani ɓangare, sanya ɓangaren ɓoye).

Idan ya zo ga manyan motoci, muna jin irin wannan abu kamar “taron matattarar marubuta”. Nan gaba, zamu gano abin da taron SKD yake, ta yaya kuma a ina ake amfani da taron mashin na abin hawa.

Menene taron dunƙulewa? A cikin sassauƙan kalmomi, irin wannan taron yana nufin tsarin hada SKD na motoci waɗanda aka kai ga mai ɗaukar kaya. Alal misali, a ƙasar da za a haɗa motar da kuma sayar da ita, ƙera na'ura na aika manyan na'urori da aka haɗa don a haɗa su a cibiyar hada-hadar.

Ra'ayoyin Majalisar

Akwai majalisu na sihiri iri biyu:

• Semi An Kashe (asa (samfurin da aka rabu da shi);
• No Buga Knock Down (taron na'urar da aka watse).

SKD

An yi amfani da hanyar SKD na dogon lokaci a ƙasashe da yawa na duniya, gami da CIS. Wannan hanyar, lokacin da aka kawo kayan aikin mota ga masana'antar taron, da sharaɗi ba tare da ƙafafu ba, sitiyari da ƙofofi, na iya rage farashin kayan aiki na ƙarshe saboda ragin kuɗi a kwastan, saboda ƙasar ba ta shiga cikakke mai cikakken ƙarfi abin hawa mai tuka kansa, amma babban mai tsara “mai tsarawa”.

Misali: a masana'antar mota ta BMW, bi da bi a Bavaria, an haɗa mota, bayan an tarwatsa ta (ƙofofi, wutar lantarki da sassan watsawa, ana cire ƙofofi), an kawo wannan saitin zuwa wurin taro na Avtotor Kaliningrad kuma an gama samfurin samu daga mai jigilar kaya. Saboda ragin kuɗin kwastan da ƙarancin aiki mai arha, motocin da aka ƙera daga ƙasashen waje sun fi araha a ƙasarku.

CKD 

Wannan tsarin taron ba yana nufin ba kawai taron masu daidaituwa da samar da sikandire ba, har ma da haɗuwa da jikin jirgi, ma'ana, walda na ƙarshen bangarori tare. Anan bangarori an buga, an saka walda, anyi musu fenti kuma an tattara motar gaba ɗaya. 

Ma'anar wannan tsari shine cewa kudin motar ya ragu sosai, tunda an taru a cikin kasar ku. Misali: a masana'antar Rasha a Kaluga akwai cikakken kamfanin Volkswagen, inda ake tara motoci daga wuri. A ƙarshe, an sami samfuri wanda yafi ƙasa da tsada fiye da kwatancen guda ɗaya daga Jamus.

Tsarin aikin motar

Tsarin taro na ƙungiyar abin hawa na ɗaya-ɗaya kamar haka:

1. Ana kawo kayan mashin zuwa ga masana'antar taro kuma an shirya su don taro na gaba.
2. Jiki yana ratsa bincike na gani don lalacewa.
3. An motsa jiki daga pallet zuwa mai ɗaukar kaya, kuma abubuwan haɗin an cire su kuma an shirya su.
4. Tsarin rarraba kayan aiki zuwa wuraren da ya dace yana faruwa: masu ɗamara, filastik, abubuwa masu ado ana jera su zuwa wurare daban-daban. An sanya sassan dakatarwa a kan wani dandamali na musamman, wanda aka dora tsarin taka birki a kan tebur din.
5. Bayan haka an haɗa jikin da akwatin, abin da ake kira "bikin aure" yana faruwa. Tsarin shine mafi wahala da alhakin, amma an ba shi lokacin da ya dace.
6. Yanzu duk wayoyi an haɗa su, an saka layin birki da bututu, an bincika matsi, sannan motocin sun cika da ruwan fasaha.
7. Mataki na ƙarshe shine kula da ingancin taro. A cikin CIS, ana kiran wannan sashin kula da inganci, ana duba duk tsarin abin hawa a nan, ana bincika inganci da amincin taro ta amfani da tsarin lantarki. Motar daga layin taron tana zuwa wata waƙa ta musamman, inda aka kwaikwayi tuki na halitta akan fagage daban-daban don tabbatar da cewa duk abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da majalisai suna aiki.

Ana yin gwaji mai tsauri akan matse jiki da ingancin zanen fenti, wanda ake kira "ruwa".

Yaushe ake amfani da SKD ko CKD?

Ana amfani da ɗaya ko wani nau'in taro a cikin yanayi biyu:

• rage farashin samfurin ƙarshe don sauran ƙasashe masu amfani;
• fadada labarin kasa na samarwa;
• ga ƙasar da ke tattarawa, waɗannan sabbin ayyuka ne da ƙarin saka hannun jari.

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Yaya ake hada motoci? Ya dogara da na'urar kera motoci - kowanne yana da nasa layin taro. Na farko, an haɗa chassis. Sannan abubuwan da ke jikin jiki suna manne da shi. Bugu da ari, yayin da motar ke tafiya tare da na'ura, an shigar da dukkan sassa da majalisai a cikinta.

Menene ya haɗa a cikin taron motar? Yawancin masu kera motoci suna amfani da SKD. Wannan shine lokacin da shirye-shiryen da aka yi, raka'a da tsarin ke haɗa su zuwa chassis. Ana isar da waɗannan kayan zuwa wurin taron a cikin kwantena daban kuma ana jera su kafin a haɗa abin hawa.

Har yaushe ake hada mota a masana'anta? Ya dogara da ƙayyadaddun abin jigilar kaya. Toyota yana ciyar da sa'o'i 29 a kan wannan tsari, Nissan - 29, Honda - 31, GM - 32. Amma har yanzu jiki yana ci gaba da yin aiki mai tsawo na galvanizing da zane-zane, don haka taron yana ɗaukar mako guda zuwa wata daya.